本文選題：三電平有源電力濾波器　切入點：諧波檢測　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：近年來電力系統(tǒng)諧波污染問題日益嚴重,而有源電力濾器(APF)因其補償方式靈活、響應(yīng)性能好且受電網(wǎng)參數(shù)的影響小等優(yōu)勢備受關(guān)注。本文以三相三線NPC結(jié)構(gòu)的三電平并聯(lián)型APF為研究對象,分別就其諧波電流檢測方法、電流跟蹤控制策略展開研究。首先,研究出一種基于雙同步坐標系解耦的柔性鎖相環(huán)(DDSRF-SPLL)鎖相與DFT濾波相結(jié)合的改進FBD檢測方法。在算法中,一方面采用了基于DDSRF-SPLL鎖相的方法,該方法通過把電網(wǎng)電壓分解到坐標系dq+與dq-中,交叉解耦后得到基頻正序分量,將其作為鎖相環(huán)節(jié)輸入信號,實現(xiàn)準確鎖相,提高了對復(fù)雜電網(wǎng)情況下的適應(yīng)性;同時在另一方面采用DFT濾波的方式取代傳統(tǒng)方法中LPF的功能,通過修改角頻率的方式來實現(xiàn)諧波的檢測,該方法可以降低檢測延時,提高檢測精度。仿真結(jié)果驗證了所研究方法的正確性。其次,針對傳統(tǒng)模型電流預(yù)測中滾動次數(shù)過多的問題,研究出一種簡化的三電平APF多目標模型預(yù)測電流控制策略。建立三電平NPC結(jié)構(gòu)APF數(shù)學模型,分析各個矢量對中點電位的影響,利用扇區(qū)的分解減少最優(yōu)開關(guān)矢量輸出的滾動次數(shù),并與傳統(tǒng)MPCC策略做對比仿真分析。針對控制延時問題,給出該策略控制延時的補償措施。然后在評估函數(shù)中引入開關(guān)頻率約束,實現(xiàn)多目標的優(yōu)化控制,對比分析有無開關(guān)約束條件下的補償效果,最后通過突增負載來驗證其動態(tài)響應(yīng)性能及對負載波動的適應(yīng)性。仿真結(jié)果表明,簡化的多目標模型預(yù)測電流控制策略在動態(tài)響應(yīng)及控制流程簡化等方面優(yōu)勢突出。再次,提出一種基于扇區(qū)分級判斷的模型預(yù)測電壓控制策略。針對模型預(yù)測電流控制方法中多次滾動的問題,借鑒基于αβ坐標系下空間矢量脈寬調(diào)制(SVPWM)的思想,利用扇區(qū)的兩次判斷,即可從27個矢量中確定出最優(yōu)開關(guān)矢量,省去了滾動尋優(yōu)的環(huán)節(jié),大幅度提高了尋優(yōu)效率,同時針對中點電位平衡問題引入一種基于小矢量的定性控制方法;然后討論延時與電感偏差系數(shù)對該策略的控制系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性的影響,仿真結(jié)果證實了該改進的模型預(yù)測電壓控制策略在穩(wěn)態(tài)、動態(tài)和電感參數(shù)變化條件下的有效性,且中點電位平衡可以得到很好控制。最后,設(shè)計三相三線制NPC結(jié)構(gòu)的三電平并聯(lián)型APF實驗平臺整體結(jié)構(gòu)框架及選取主電路關(guān)鍵參數(shù),對本文的研究的改進FBD諧波電流檢測法、簡化的多目標模型預(yù)測電流控制策略及基于扇區(qū)分級判斷的模型預(yù)測電壓控制策略進行實驗驗證,并同時測得不同控制算法的運算時長且做對比分析,實驗結(jié)果證明了所研究內(nèi)容的正確性與可行性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the problem of harmonic pollution in power system is becoming more and more serious, but the active power filter (APF) is flexible because of its compensation method. In this paper, the three-level parallel APF with three-phase three-wire NPC structure is taken as the research object, and the harmonic current detection method and current tracking control strategy are studied respectively. In this paper, an improved FBD detection method based on dual synchronous coordinate system decoupling is proposed, which combines the phase lock of flexible PLL DDSRF-SPLL with DFT filter. In the algorithm, on the one hand, the method based on DDSRF-SPLL is used. By decomposing the grid voltage into the coordinate system dq and dq-, the positive sequence component of the fundamental frequency is obtained by cross-decoupling, which is used as the input signal of the phase-locked loop to realize the accurate phase-locked and improve the adaptability of the complex power network. On the other hand, the DFT filter is used to replace the function of LPF in the traditional method, and the harmonic detection is realized by modifying the angular frequency. The method can reduce the detection delay. The simulation results verify the correctness of the proposed method. Secondly, aiming at the problem of excessive rolling times in the traditional model current prediction, the simulation results verify the correctness of the proposed method. A simplified three-level APF multi-objective model predictive current control strategy is developed. A three-level NPC structure APF mathematical model is established to analyze the effect of each vector on the neutral point potential. The sector decomposition is used to reduce the rolling times of the optimal switching vector output, and the simulation results are compared with the traditional MPCC strategy. Then the switching frequency constraint is introduced into the evaluation function to realize the multi-objective optimal control, and the compensation effect under the condition of switching constraints is compared and analyzed. The simulation results show that the simplified multi-objective model predictive current control strategy has outstanding advantages in dynamic response and control process simplification. A model predictive voltage control strategy based on sector classification judgment is proposed. Aiming at the problem of multiple rolling in the model predictive current control method, the idea of SVPWM based on space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) in 偽 尾 coordinate system is used for reference, and the second judgment of sector is used. The optimal switching vector is determined from 27 vectors, and the rolling optimization is eliminated, and the optimization efficiency is greatly improved. At the same time, a qualitative control method based on small vector is introduced to solve the midpoint potential balance problem. Then, the effects of delay and inductance deviation coefficient on the stability of the control system are discussed. The simulation results show that the improved model predictive voltage control strategy is effective under the conditions of steady, dynamic and inductance parameters. The neutral-point potential balance can be well controlled. Finally, a three-level parallel APF experimental platform with three-phase three-wire NPC structure is designed and the key parameters of the main circuit are selected. The improved FBD harmonic current detection method is studied in this paper. The simplified multi-objective model predictive current control strategy and the model predictive voltage control strategy based on sector grading judgment are verified experimentally. At the same time, the operation time of different control algorithms is measured and compared. The experimental results show the correctness and feasibility of the research.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM761

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