本文選題：電場(chǎng)逆問題　切入點(diǎn)：D-dot電場(chǎng)傳感器　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：針對(duì)未來特高壓和智能電網(wǎng)的發(fā)展需求,需要一種非接觸、小型化和智能化的電壓互感器。目前,D-dot電場(chǎng)傳感器的研究主要解決了單相測(cè)量的問題,而在三相輸電線路中,由于電場(chǎng)耦合,將導(dǎo)致測(cè)量系統(tǒng)的電容矩陣擴(kuò)大、電場(chǎng)分布的改變,D-dot電場(chǎng)傳感器分別運(yùn)行在單相線路和三相的某一相線路時(shí),測(cè)量結(jié)果將有所不同,正是這種區(qū)別的存在,在三相D-dot電場(chǎng)傳感器設(shè)計(jì)時(shí),需要考慮分布參數(shù)和鄰相電場(chǎng)影響�；趫�(chǎng)路耦合法實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)單相D-dot電場(chǎng)傳感器參數(shù)的優(yōu)化;通過三相D-dot電場(chǎng)傳感器獲得空間電場(chǎng),再運(yùn)用電場(chǎng)逆問題求得三相電壓的非接觸測(cè)量。全文研究內(nèi)容包含以下幾個(gè)部分:(1)提出了通過電場(chǎng)傳感器測(cè)得空間電場(chǎng),再運(yùn)用電場(chǎng)逆問題求得導(dǎo)線電荷,最后通過模擬電荷法得到電位的三相電壓非接觸測(cè)量方法。研究了電場(chǎng)耦合電場(chǎng)傳感器的基本測(cè)量原理,為傳感器的設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化提供了理論基礎(chǔ);針對(duì)復(fù)雜空間三相電磁場(chǎng)分布情況,運(yùn)用A?來表述對(duì)其定解問題必須滿足的磁矢量位函數(shù)方程和電位函數(shù)方程,建立了基于電位移矢量的場(chǎng)路直接耦合數(shù)學(xué)模型。(2)為了設(shè)計(jì)出適用于三相輸電線下的空間電場(chǎng)測(cè)量的D-dot電場(chǎng)傳感器,提出運(yùn)用有限元仿真軟件Maxwell和電路仿真軟件Simplorer建立D-dot電場(chǎng)傳感器的聯(lián)合仿真模型,利用場(chǎng)路耦合協(xié)同仿真技術(shù),能夠有效地分析出電場(chǎng)傳感器與等效電路的相互耦合特性,達(dá)到對(duì)場(chǎng)傳感器參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化。(3)設(shè)計(jì)了用于三路傳感器信號(hào)同步采集的硬件電路,實(shí)現(xiàn)了傳感器輸出電壓信號(hào)的數(shù)字化;采用LabVIEW技術(shù)將電壓波形通過WIFI無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建D-dot電壓互感器模擬系統(tǒng),實(shí)現(xiàn)了電壓數(shù)據(jù)的圖形化顯示、分析和保存。(4)搭建了用于對(duì)D-dot電場(chǎng)傳感器進(jìn)行校準(zhǔn)的單相試驗(yàn)平臺(tái),對(duì)電場(chǎng)傳感器進(jìn)行了相位誤差、線性度、穩(wěn)態(tài)及暫態(tài)校準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn);同時(shí),還搭建了三相電壓互感器模擬試驗(yàn)平臺(tái),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,D-dot傳感器具有較高的測(cè)量精度和良好的頻率特性;系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了多個(gè)電場(chǎng)信號(hào)的同步采集,信號(hào)無失真、無延遲,同步性也較好。
[Abstract]:A non-contact, miniaturized and intelligent voltage transformer is needed for the development of UHV and smart grid in the future. At present, the research of D-dot electric field sensor mainly solves the problem of single-phase measurement, but in three-phase transmission line, Because of the electric field coupling, the capacitance matrix of the measurement system will be enlarged, and the change of electric field distribution will cause the measurement results to be different when the electric field sensor operates in the single-phase line and the three-phase line respectively. In the design of three-phase D-dot electric field sensor, the influence of distribution parameters and adjacent phase electric field should be considered. The parameters of single-phase D-dot electric field sensor are optimized based on field-circuit coupling method, and the space electric field is obtained by three-phase D-dot electric field sensor. The non-contact measurement of three-phase voltage is obtained by using the inverse problem of electric field. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) it is proposed that the space electric field can be measured by electric field sensor, and then the conductor charge can be obtained by using the inverse problem of electric field. Finally, the three-phase voltage non-contact measurement method of potential is obtained by simulating charge method. The basic measurement principle of electric field coupled electric field sensor is studied, which provides a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of the sensor. In view of the distribution of three-phase electromagnetic field in complex space, A? To express the magnetic vector potential function equation and the potential function equation which must be satisfied for the definite solution of the problem, In order to design a D-dot electric field sensor suitable for measuring the space electric field under three-phase transmission line, a mathematical model of direct coupling of field path based on electric displacement vector is established in order to design a D-dot electric field sensor. A joint simulation model of D-dot electric field sensor is established by using finite element simulation software Maxwell and circuit simulation software Simplorer. The coupling characteristics between electric field sensor and equivalent circuit can be effectively analyzed by using field-circuit coupling cooperative simulation technology. To achieve the design and optimization of field sensor parameters, a hardware circuit for synchronous acquisition of three sensor signals is designed, and the output voltage signal of the sensor is digitized. Using LabVIEW technology to construct D-dot voltage transformer simulation system through WIFI wireless network, realize the graphical display of voltage data, analyze and save. Build a single-phase test platform for calibrating D-dot electric field sensor. The phase error, linearity, steady-state and transient calibration experiments of the electric field sensor are carried out. At the same time, a three-phase voltage transformer simulation test platform is built. The experimental results show that the D-dot sensor has high measurement accuracy and good frequency characteristics. The system realizes synchronous acquisition of multiple electric field signals, which has no distortion, no delay and good synchronization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TM933.2

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