本文選題：人工心臟泵　切入點(diǎn)：磁懸浮　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：心力衰竭是當(dāng)今世界共同面臨的一個(gè)難題,人工心臟泵的出現(xiàn)為心力衰竭的治療提供了一條有效的途徑。磁懸浮技術(shù)憑借其無(wú)接觸無(wú)摩擦的優(yōu)點(diǎn)被廣泛應(yīng)用到各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。磁懸浮人工心臟泵發(fā)展迅速,可以解決機(jī)械軸承心臟泵存在的溶血和血栓問(wèn)題,增加心臟泵的使用壽命和穩(wěn)定性。人工心臟泵正常工作需要驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)提供動(dòng)力,兩者的性能和參數(shù)直接相關(guān),人工心臟泵作為植入式醫(yī)療器械,對(duì)驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)的體積、效率要求極為嚴(yán)格。本課題基于國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究情況,設(shè)計(jì)了一種磁液混合懸浮、體積小、泵機(jī)一體化的直驅(qū)型軸流式人工心臟泵,研制了適用于人工心臟泵的新型永磁無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)及其控制器,電機(jī)定子采用無(wú)槽結(jié)構(gòu),盡可能增大了葉輪的布置空間,實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,所研制的驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)基本滿(mǎn)足人工心臟泵的指標(biāo)要求。本文首先綜述了人工心臟泵及其驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展歷史、現(xiàn)狀和趨勢(shì),詳細(xì)介紹了國(guó)內(nèi)外先進(jìn)的心臟泵產(chǎn)品,闡述了永磁無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)的工作原理和數(shù)學(xué)模型,并重點(diǎn)介紹了無(wú)槽電機(jī)的特點(diǎn)和電磁特性,在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出了本論文所采用的研究方法。本文從經(jīng)典磁路計(jì)算和有限元仿真兩個(gè)方面對(duì)電機(jī)參數(shù)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)和優(yōu)化。在磁路計(jì)算中,針對(duì)無(wú)槽電機(jī)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu),對(duì)傳統(tǒng)磁路計(jì)算的公式進(jìn)行了修正,提高了磁路設(shè)計(jì)的計(jì)算精度。使用Ansoft軟件對(duì)無(wú)槽無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)進(jìn)行建模仿真,重點(diǎn)分析了驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)的靜態(tài)磁場(chǎng)分布、帶載起動(dòng)特性和額定損耗等問(wèn)題。本文的設(shè)計(jì)方法將磁路計(jì)算的快速和有限元仿真高精度的特點(diǎn)相結(jié)合,設(shè)計(jì)并制造了滿(mǎn)足人工心臟泵要求的驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)。在驅(qū)動(dòng)控制部分,選用MicroLinear公司生產(chǎn)的無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)與控制專(zhuān)用集成電路ML4435,采用無(wú)傳感器控制方法,降低了控制難度和心臟泵的體積,實(shí)現(xiàn)了電機(jī)本體的驅(qū)動(dòng)控制,調(diào)速范圍寬。最后對(duì)本課題研制的電機(jī)本體及其驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng),進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)調(diào)試,使用磁懸浮軸承的驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)無(wú)接觸、無(wú)摩擦的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行,電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速與外加電壓之間呈嚴(yán)格的正比關(guān)系,實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)達(dá)到了人工心臟泵的要求。
[Abstract]:Heart failure is a common problem in the world today. The appearance of artificial heart pump provides an effective way for the treatment of heart failure. Magnetic levitation technology has been widely used in various fields because of its advantages of non-contact and non-friction. It can solve the problems of hemolysis and thrombus in mechanical bearing heart pump, and increase the service life and stability of heart pump. The normal operation of artificial heart pump requires driving motor to provide power, and the performance and parameters of the two pump are directly related. As an implantable medical device, the artificial heart pump has strict requirements for the volume and efficiency of the drive motor. Based on the domestic and foreign research situation, a kind of magneto-hydraulic mixed suspension is designed, which is small in volume. A new type of permanent magnet brushless DC motor and its controller, which is suitable for artificial heart pump, has been developed. The stator of the motor is slotted, and the arrangement space of impeller is increased as much as possible. The experimental results show that the new type permanent magnet brushless DC motor and its controller are suitable for artificial heart pump. The developed motor basically meets the requirements of the artificial heart pump. Firstly, the development history, present situation and trend of the artificial heart pump and its driving system are summarized, and the advanced heart pump products at home and abroad are introduced in detail. The working principle and mathematical model of permanent magnet brushless DC motor are expounded, and the characteristics and electromagnetic characteristics of slotted motor are emphatically introduced. This paper presents the research methods used in this paper. In this paper, the parameters of the motor are designed and optimized from the two aspects of classical magnetic circuit calculation and finite element simulation. In the magnetic circuit calculation, the special structure of the slotted motor is considered. The formula of traditional magnetic circuit calculation is modified, and the calculation precision of magnetic circuit design is improved. The static magnetic field distribution of the drive motor is analyzed by using Ansoft software to model and simulate the slotted brushless DC motor. The design method of this paper combines the fast calculation of magnetic circuit with the high accuracy of finite element simulation, and designs and manufactures the driving motor which meets the requirements of artificial heart pump. The brushless DC motor drive and control ASIC ML4435 produced by MicroLinear Company is selected. The sensorless control method is adopted to reduce the control difficulty and the volume of the heart pump, and the drive control of the motor body is realized. Finally, the motor body and its drive control system developed by this subject are tested and debugged. The motor with magnetic suspension bearing can operate steadily without contact and friction. The motor speed is proportional to the applied voltage, and the experimental data meet the requirements of the artificial heart pump.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM33

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