本文選題：熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)機組　切入點：風(fēng)力發(fā)電　出處：《華北電力大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國“三北”地區(qū)能源結(jié)構(gòu)以煤電為主,包含了國家規(guī)劃的多個大型風(fēng)電基地,嚴(yán)重缺乏調(diào)節(jié)性能好的調(diào)峰電源,煤電機組中又存在大量熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)(Combined Heat and Power,CHP)機組工作在“以熱定電”的熱電耦合運行模式,造成了電力系統(tǒng)調(diào)峰能力不足,難以應(yīng)對大規(guī)模風(fēng)力發(fā)電并網(wǎng)帶來的隨機性、波動性、間歇性問題,電力系統(tǒng)運行平穩(wěn)性與安全性受到嚴(yán)重沖擊,電網(wǎng)存在大量棄風(fēng)情況及安全隱患。為了促進(jìn)“三北”地區(qū)可再生能源的安全高效利用,本文從電力系統(tǒng)與熱力系統(tǒng)聯(lián)合協(xié)調(diào)調(diào)度的角度出發(fā),開展了含風(fēng)電并網(wǎng)的熱電聯(lián)合優(yōu)化調(diào)度研究。首先,本文介紹了CHP機組的特性,以系統(tǒng)總煤耗最小為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),構(gòu)建了含風(fēng)電并網(wǎng)的熱電聯(lián)合優(yōu)化調(diào)度模型,綜合考慮了熱電聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)的多種運行約束。提出了基于熱電廠運行特性的網(wǎng)廠協(xié)調(diào)優(yōu)化調(diào)度方案,并通過遺傳算法進(jìn)行求解。仿真結(jié)果表明,所提出的方案可以有效地解決多區(qū)域熱電聯(lián)合優(yōu)化調(diào)度問題,充分發(fā)掘了CHP機組的調(diào)峰能力,為開展熱電解耦的研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)。其次,目前國家鼓勵推行使用風(fēng)電供熱技術(shù)實現(xiàn)熱電解耦來促進(jìn)消納棄風(fēng),本文以系統(tǒng)總煤耗最小為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),構(gòu)建了某地區(qū)包含風(fēng)電供熱的熱電聯(lián)合優(yōu)化調(diào)度模型,通過網(wǎng)廠協(xié)調(diào)優(yōu)化調(diào)度方案進(jìn)行求解。基于調(diào)度結(jié)果計算了風(fēng)電供熱的綜合效益及各利益體效益,實現(xiàn)了風(fēng)電供熱容量的優(yōu)化配置。仿真結(jié)果表明,風(fēng)電供熱可以提高風(fēng)電消納率,降低電力系統(tǒng)運行成本與煤炭消耗,驗證了風(fēng)電供熱最優(yōu)容量選擇方法的有效性與合理性。但是在當(dāng)前集中調(diào)度、獨立核算的電力體制下,風(fēng)電供熱的實施需要借助各項政策與補助的激勵,難以得到大規(guī)模應(yīng)用。最后,針對能有效消納棄風(fēng)的風(fēng)電供熱難以大規(guī)模推廣應(yīng)用的問題,本文引入了虛擬電廠(Virtual Power Plant,VPP)概念,提出了將一定供熱區(qū)域內(nèi)的大型熱電廠、可再生能源聚合成VPP參與大電網(wǎng)運行,并加入風(fēng)電供熱作為熱負(fù)荷側(cè)可調(diào)度資源。以VPP日運行效益最大化為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),構(gòu)建了含風(fēng)電供熱的VPP熱電負(fù)荷優(yōu)化調(diào)度模型,通過自適應(yīng)免疫遺傳算法進(jìn)行求解。仿真結(jié)果表明,使用風(fēng)電供熱實現(xiàn)VPP內(nèi)的熱電解耦,可以有效減少VPP的出力偏差和環(huán)保代價,提高經(jīng)濟效益,同時相對于單獨核算各利益體效益來說,VPP作為一個利益整體具有經(jīng)濟性優(yōu)勢,有利于促進(jìn)風(fēng)電供熱的實施及新能源的并網(wǎng)消納。
[Abstract]:The energy structure of the "three north" regions of China is dominated by coal and electricity, which includes many large wind power bases planned by the state, and is seriously short of peak-shaving power sources with good regulating performance. There are also a large number of cogeneration Heat and power CHP units working in the thermoelectric coupling operation mode, which results in insufficient peak-shaving capacity of power system, which is difficult to cope with the randomness and volatility brought by large-scale wind power generation. Intermittently, the stability and safety of the power system are seriously affected, and there are a large number of abandoned wind conditions and safety risks in the power grid. In order to promote the safe and efficient utilization of renewable energy in the "three north" areas, In this paper, from the point of view of the joint coordinated dispatching of power system and thermal system, the research on the joint optimal dispatching of heat and power with wind power connected to the grid is carried out. Firstly, the characteristics of the CHP unit are introduced, with the minimum total coal consumption of the system as the optimization objective. In this paper, a combined optimal scheduling model of heat and power plants with wind power connected to power grid is constructed, and a coordinated optimal scheduling scheme based on the operation characteristics of thermal power plants is proposed, which considers a variety of operation constraints of the combined heat and power systems. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can effectively solve the multi-area heat and power joint optimal scheduling problem and fully explore the peak-shaving ability of the CHP unit. It lays a foundation for the research of thermoelectric decoupling. Secondly, at present, the state encourages the use of wind power heating technology to realize thermoelectric decoupling to promote the absorption and abandonment of wind. The aim of this paper is to minimize the total coal consumption of the system. In this paper, a heat and power joint optimal dispatching model including wind power supply in a certain area is constructed and solved by coordinated optimal dispatching scheme of network factory. Based on the dispatching result, the comprehensive benefit and benefit of each benefit of wind power heating are calculated. The simulation results show that wind power heating can increase the wind power absorption rate, reduce the power system operation cost and coal consumption. The validity and rationality of the optimal capacity selection method for wind power supply are verified. However, under the current centralized dispatching and independent accounting electric power system, the implementation of wind power heating needs the encouragement of various policies and subsidies. It is difficult to get large-scale application. Finally, aiming at the problem that it is difficult to promote large-scale application of wind power supply which can effectively absorb and discard wind power, this paper introduces the concept of Virtual Power Plan VPPin virtual power plant, and puts forward the idea that large thermal power plants in a certain heating area should be used. Renewable energy is aggregated into VPP to participate in the operation of large power grid, and wind power supply is added as the dispatching resource of heat load side. Aiming at maximizing the daily operation benefit of VPP, the optimal dispatching model of VPP thermoelectric load with wind power supply is constructed. Through adaptive immune genetic algorithm, the simulation results show that using wind power supply to realize thermoelectric decoupling in VPP can effectively reduce the output deviation and environmental protection cost of VPP, and improve economic efficiency. At the same time, VPP, as a whole, has economic advantages compared with the benefits of individual accounting, which is helpful to promote the implementation of wind power heating and the new energy grid absorption.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM614

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