本文選題：架空線路弧垂　切入點：絕緣子傾角　出處：《華北電力大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：導線弧垂和絕緣子傾角是架空線路的兩個重要機械結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),為了保證電網(wǎng)安全可靠運行,需要定期對其進行檢測。本文將計算機視覺技術(shù)和圖像處理技術(shù)應用到輸電線路巡檢中,提出了架空線路弧垂和絕緣子傾角的圖像測量方法。主要研究內(nèi)容及成果如下:第一,基于鏈碼跟蹤理論,實現(xiàn)了單根導線的提取,采用形態(tài)學方法對邊緣檢測圖像進行處理,有效消除了導線雙邊緣和斷裂現(xiàn)象,并通過控制鏈碼跟蹤的搜索方向,實現(xiàn)了導線交叉情況下單根導線的自動提取。第二,結(jié)合三維DLT和二維DLT理論實現(xiàn)了弧垂測量,采用三維DLT方法對投影矩陣進行求解,然后采用二維DLT方法計算導線序列點的空間二維坐標。試驗結(jié)果表明,測量結(jié)果與實際情況相符,具有較高的測量精度,達到了工程實際應用的要求。第三,對單目標的金字塔匹配策略進行改進,實現(xiàn)了多目標的自動識別提取,并根據(jù)絕緣子串的形狀特征對絕緣子進行識別、提取。本文將形態(tài)學處理后的二值圖像和原二值圖像進行“與”運算,解決了絕緣子失真的問題。此外,提出了一種針對絕緣子端點的圖像特征匹配方法:選取絕緣子串首尾傘裙與芯棒結(jié)合部分中心點作為絕緣子端點,實現(xiàn)了兩幅圖像中絕緣子端點的精確匹配。第四,結(jié)合單目視覺理論,提出了一種絕緣子傾角的圖像測量方法,首先使用標定好的相機在不同位置采集兩幅目標圖像,然后利用單目視覺理論知識計算絕緣子上對應兩點的空間三維坐標,進而計算絕緣子空間傾斜角。試驗結(jié)果表明該方法操作簡單,易于實現(xiàn),測量精度高。
[Abstract]:Wire sag and insulator inclination are two important mechanical structural parameters of overhead lines, in order to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the power network, In this paper, computer vision technology and image processing technology are applied to the inspection of transmission lines, and an image measurement method of overhead line sag and insulator inclination is proposed. The main research contents and results are as follows: first, Based on chain code tracking theory, the extraction of single wire is realized, and the edge detection image is processed by morphological method, which effectively eliminates the phenomenon of double edges and breakage of wire, and controls the search direction of chain code tracking. The automatic extraction of the root wire is realized. Secondly, the sag measurement is realized by combining the three-dimensional DLT and two-dimensional DLT theory, and the projection matrix is solved by using the three-dimensional DLT method. Then the two-dimensional DLT method is used to calculate the two-dimensional coordinates of the traverse sequence points. The experimental results show that the measurement results are consistent with the actual situation and have a high measurement accuracy, which meet the requirements of practical engineering application. The pyramid matching strategy of single target is improved to realize the automatic recognition and extraction of multi-target, and the insulator is recognized according to the shape feature of insulator string. In this paper, the binary image and the original binary image are processed by "sum" operation, which solves the problem of insulator distortion. In this paper, a method of image feature matching for insulator endpoints is proposed: the center point of the combination of the insulator string umbrella skirt and the mandrel is selected as the insulator endpoint, and the accurate matching of the insulator endpoint in the two images is realized. 4th, Based on the theory of monocular vision, an image measurement method of insulator inclination angle is proposed. Firstly, two target images are collected at different positions by a calibrated camera. Then the three-dimensional coordinates corresponding to two points on the insulator are calculated by using the monocular vision theory knowledge, and then the spatial tilt angle of the insulator is calculated. The experimental results show that the method is simple, easy to realize and has high measurement accuracy.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP391.41;TM755

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本文編號：1593151