本文選題：故障指示器　切入點：小電流接地　出處：《山東理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代化與智能化時代的到來,電力電網(wǎng)對國民經(jīng)濟的重要性也越來越突出,良好的電能質(zhì)量已經(jīng)成為了社會生活必不可少的一部分。因此,如何應(yīng)對突發(fā)事故做出快速的反應(yīng)也越發(fā)值得人們深究。配電網(wǎng)的覆蓋面廣和分支眾多的特性,使得故障排查作業(yè)難度大大提高,尤其是單相接地故障的發(fā)生,其可預(yù)判性一直都是電力作業(yè)的重中之重。由于單相接地故障量的不突出、不穩(wěn)定以及不確定等問題,小電流故障定位存在較大困難,該領(lǐng)域也一直缺乏完善的技術(shù)方法。為了更好的應(yīng)對和解決這一困難,幫助工作人員快速找到故障位置,縮短故障時間,使電網(wǎng)及時恢復(fù)正常工作狀態(tài),故障指示設(shè)備已大量使用于配電網(wǎng)中。然而,目前使用的一些故障定位方法雖取得了很好的成效,但仍存在不足。針對配電網(wǎng)中經(jīng)消弧線圈接地系統(tǒng)存在小電流接地故障定位困難這一問題,本文在現(xiàn)有相關(guān)系數(shù)法的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了一種改進的基于暫態(tài)零模電流相關(guān)系數(shù)的故障定位方法。本文的主要研究內(nèi)容有:(1)概述了配電網(wǎng)中性點的接地方式及特點,介紹了故障指示器的工作原理及功能特點,總結(jié)了應(yīng)用于故障指示器的傳統(tǒng)接地故障檢測技術(shù),并分析了其存在的問題。(2)分析了小電流單相接地故障的暫態(tài)信息,重點分析了現(xiàn)有的基于相關(guān)系數(shù)法故障判據(jù)的不足,并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了改進的基于暫態(tài)零模電流相關(guān)系數(shù)的故障定位方法。(3)結(jié)合改進后的故障定位方法設(shè)計了一套完整的故障定位方案;為了降低故障指示器因通信設(shè)備延遲造成數(shù)據(jù)不同步的問題,利用饋線監(jiān)測單元中的雙向無線傳輸通信模塊,設(shè)計了多種定位系統(tǒng)無線通信拓?fù)潢P(guān)系。(4)搭建了小電流單相接地故障的MATLAB仿真模型,驗證了現(xiàn)有相關(guān)系數(shù)法在出線上故障分界點處存在著定位盲區(qū)的推理,證實了改進后的方法能夠有效地消除該盲區(qū)的結(jié)論。實驗結(jié)果表明:改進后的故障定位方法在利用接地點上游與下游間暫態(tài)零模電流存在相似性的基礎(chǔ)上,將工頻電流極性與暫態(tài)零模電流的相關(guān)系數(shù)相結(jié)合,進而避免了在故障點兩側(cè)暫態(tài)電流相關(guān)系數(shù)為負(fù)相關(guān)時出現(xiàn)誤判的情況,最終解決了目前相關(guān)系數(shù)法中存在定位盲區(qū)的問題。本文不僅指出了位于故障線路上距母線1/2處存在故障分界點的情況,還進一步分析了故障分界點處發(fā)生單相接地故障時故障點兩側(cè)暫態(tài)零模電流的高相似度對故障判據(jù)的準(zhǔn)確性的影響,并在此基礎(chǔ)上對現(xiàn)有的相關(guān)系數(shù)法提出了改進,從根本上消除了原方法故障定位存在的盲區(qū)。研究結(jié)果對完善配電網(wǎng)故障定位方法、提高供電可靠性具有十分重要的意義。
[Abstract]:With the modernization and the arrival of the era of intelligent power grid, the importance of the national economy has become increasingly prominent, good power quality has become an essential part of social life. Therefore, how to deal with the emergency rapid response is more worth studying. The distribution network coverage and many branches of the characteristics. Troubleshooting work difficulty is greatly improved, especially the single-phase grounding fault occurs, the pre sentence has been the priority among priorities of power operation. Because of the single-phase grounding fault was not prominent, unstable and uncertain, small current fault location is difficult, the field has been the lack of technology perfect. In order to deal with and solve this problem, help the staff to quickly find the location of the fault, shorten the time of fault, the power return to normal working condition timely, fault Indicating devices have been widely used in the distribution network. However, some fault location methods used at present has achieved good results, but there are still shortcomings. According to the distribution network with arc suppression coil grounding system is difficult to locate the small current grounding fault of this problem, based on the correlation coefficient method. The proposed fault location method, an improved correlation coefficient based on the transient zero mode current. The main research contents of this paper are: (1) an overview of the distribution network neutral grounding modes and characteristics, introduces the working principle and function characteristics of the fault indicator, summarizes the application on fault indicator of traditional grounding fault detection technology, and analyzes its problems. (2) of small current single-phase ground fault transient information, analyzes the lack of correlation coefficient method based on the criterion of fault current, and put forward the reform Fault location method in transient zero mode current based on correlation coefficient. (3) a complete set of fault location scheme design based on fault location method is improved; in order to reduce the fault indicator for communication equipment caused by the delay of data synchronization, the feeder monitoring unit in two-way wireless communication module design a variety of positioning system wireless communication topology. (4) to build a ground fault simulation model of single phase MATLAB small current, verify the existing correlation coefficient method in fault line on the boundary are positioning blind reasoning, proved that the improved method can effectively eliminate the blind spot of the conclusion. The experimental results show that the fault the improved positioning method in the presence of the similar ground between upper and lower level transient zero mode current on the basis of the correlation coefficient of AC current polarity and transient zero mode current phase Combined, and avoid the misjudgment of the situation appears in both transient current of fault point correlation coefficient is negative correlation, finally solved the correlation coefficient method in positioning blind area problem. This paper not only points out in the fault line fault point away from the bus at 1/2, further analysis of the fault occurred at the boundary point single phase affects the accuracy of high similarity at the fault point of transient zero mode current of the fault criterion of ground fault, and on the basis of correlation coefficient method is proposed to improve the existing, fundamentally eliminate the blind area existing fault location method. The research results to improve the distribution network fault location method is very important the significance of improving the reliability of power supply.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM862

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本文編號：1560322