發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-21 18:08

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 低速大轉(zhuǎn)矩永磁直驅(qū)電機(jī) 極槽配合 集中繞組 分布繞組 諧波抑制　出處：《沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：低速大轉(zhuǎn)矩永磁直驅(qū)電機(jī)的應(yīng)用省去了傳統(tǒng)驅(qū)動(dòng)形式中的減速機(jī),其高性能、高效率與易于維護(hù)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)使其受到了越來越多的關(guān)注,其作為出力型電機(jī),要保證輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩平滑,節(jié)省能源,制造工序簡單合理。低速大轉(zhuǎn)矩永磁直驅(qū)電機(jī)的極數(shù)很多,輸入電源的頻率較低,其極槽配合方案有多種組合可選。極數(shù)與槽數(shù)的選擇決定了電機(jī)的磁路結(jié)構(gòu)與繞組排列,是電機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)的關(guān)鍵問題之一。本文從降低低速大轉(zhuǎn)矩永磁直驅(qū)電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)與鐵芯損耗兩方面考慮,以分?jǐn)?shù)槽繞組的極槽配合為研究對象,展開了研究。低速大轉(zhuǎn)矩永磁直驅(qū)電機(jī)極數(shù)與槽數(shù)的比值較大,極數(shù)與槽數(shù)間的最大公約數(shù)與最小公倍數(shù)不再能準(zhǔn)確對應(yīng)其齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩的峰值�；邶X槽轉(zhuǎn)矩公式,研究了齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩周期數(shù)與極數(shù)、槽數(shù)間的關(guān)系,利用極數(shù)與槽數(shù)間最小公倍數(shù)與最大公約數(shù)的比值來表示極槽配合對低速大轉(zhuǎn)矩永磁直驅(qū)電機(jī)齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩的抑制效果。根據(jù)對低速大轉(zhuǎn)矩永磁直驅(qū)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)抑制與降低鐵芯損耗的分析,選擇的極槽配合方案要對電機(jī)的氣隙磁密與繞組中感應(yīng)電勢的諧波分量有很好的抑制效果,并不會(huì)對兩者的基波造成過大損害。本文根據(jù)交流電機(jī)繞組理論與單元電機(jī)分析法,總結(jié)了低速大轉(zhuǎn)矩永磁直驅(qū)電機(jī)單元極槽配合的約束條件,在此基礎(chǔ)上研究了定子槽口與轉(zhuǎn)子磁極間相對位置不同導(dǎo)致氣隙磁密中不同諧波分量的大小不同�；诟盗⑷~諧波分析法,將氣隙磁密分解為永磁體勵(lì)磁分量與槽口引起的畸變分量,計(jì)算出能夠使氣隙磁密中低次諧波得到最大程度削弱的極槽相對位置。本文推導(dǎo)了分?jǐn)?shù)槽繞組單元電機(jī)感應(yīng)電勢的諧波繞組系數(shù)計(jì)算公式,并以此為依據(jù)確定不同極槽配合方案對感應(yīng)電勢中低次諧波的抑制能力與對基波的損害程度。本文選擇了六種不同的分?jǐn)?shù)槽繞組極槽配合方案,其中三種為集中繞組,三種為分布繞組,通過在有限元軟件中建模仿真,對比六種模型中磁密與感應(yīng)電勢的諧波情況,驗(yàn)證了極槽配合削弱氣隙磁密與感應(yīng)電勢中諧波的原理。在此基礎(chǔ)上,考慮了低速大轉(zhuǎn)矩永磁直驅(qū)電機(jī)的制造工藝,說明了集中繞組的極槽配合適用于轉(zhuǎn)速低于100r/min的電機(jī),而分布繞組的極槽配合適用于轉(zhuǎn)速高于100r/min的電機(jī)。
[Abstract]:The application of low-speed and high-torque permanent magnet direct drive motor saves the reducer in the traditional drive form. Its advantages of high performance, high efficiency and easy maintenance make it receive more and more attention. As a force type motor, the output torque should be smooth. Saving energy, manufacturing process is simple and reasonable. Low speed and large torque permanent magnet direct drive motor has many poles, and the frequency of input power is low. The pole-slot matching scheme has a variety of combinations. The selection of pole number and slot number determines the magnetic circuit structure and winding arrangement of the motor. It is one of the key problems in motor design. In this paper, two aspects of reducing torque ripple and core loss of low-speed and high-torque permanent magnet direct drive motor are considered, and the polar slot coordination of fractional slot winding is taken as the research object. The research is carried out. The ratio of pole number to slot number of low speed and large torque permanent magnet direct drive motor is large, and the maximum common divisor and minimum common multiple between pole number and slot number can no longer accurately correspond to the peak value of tooth slot torque. The relationship between the number of slot torque periods and the number of poles and slots is studied. The ratio of minimum common multiple to maximum common divisor between pole number and slot number is used to express the effect of polar slot fit on the slot torque of low speed and large torque permanent magnet direct drive motor. According to the torque ripple suppression of low speed and large torque permanent magnet direct drive motor. Analysis of making and reducing loss of Iron Core, The pole-slot matching scheme should have a good restraining effect on the air gap magnetic density of the motor and the harmonic component of the inductive potential in the windings, and will not cause too much damage to the fundamental waves of the two. This paper, based on the theory of AC motor windings and the method of unit motor analysis, In this paper, the constraint conditions of pole slot matching for low speed and large torque permanent magnet direct drive motor are summarized. On this basis, the different harmonic components in air gap magnetic density caused by different relative positions between stator slot and rotor magnetic pole are studied. The air gap magnetic density is decomposed into the permanent magnet excitation component and the distortion component caused by the notch, The relative position of pole slot which can make the low and low order harmonics of air gap magnetic density get the maximum weakening is calculated. In this paper, the formula for calculating harmonic winding coefficient of fractional slot winding unit motor is derived. On the basis of this, the paper determines the ability of different polar slot matching schemes to suppress the low order harmonics of induction electromotive potential and the degree of damage to the fundamental wave. In this paper, six different polar slot matching schemes of fractional slot winding are selected, three of which are concentrated windings. The three kinds of windings are distributed windings. By modeling and simulating in finite element software, the harmonics of magnetic density and inductive potential in six models are compared, and the principle of weakening air gap magnetic density and harmonic in inductive electromotive force by pole slot coordination is verified. The manufacturing process of low-speed and high-torque permanent magnet direct drive motor is considered. It is shown that the pole slot fit of the concentrated winding is suitable for the motor with speed less than 100 r / min, while the pole slot matching of the distributed winding is suitable for the motor with speed higher than 100 r / min.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM351

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