本文關鍵詞： 微電網(wǎng) 三相四橋臂并網(wǎng)逆變器 多功能并網(wǎng)逆變器 電能質(zhì)量優(yōu)化補償 RT-lab　出處：《重慶理工大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著能源危機和社會問題的加劇,新能源的開發(fā)和利用得到了有效的發(fā)展。以風、光等新能源為主的發(fā)電技術(shù)日益成熟,大型的風、光電廠大量投入使用。但是對于小容量的風、光等分布式發(fā)電,如何將其有效的接入電網(wǎng)而不對電網(wǎng)帶來無功和諧波的影響,這是目前研究的熱點之一。為了實現(xiàn)分布式發(fā)電與電網(wǎng)的連接,提出了微電網(wǎng)的概念,微電網(wǎng)是集各種可再生能源發(fā)電、微電網(wǎng)的監(jiān)控和保護、就地負載為一體的局部供電系統(tǒng),是小型分布式發(fā)電并網(wǎng)的核心環(huán)節(jié)。為了減小分布式發(fā)電并網(wǎng)對電網(wǎng)造成無功和諧波的影響,傳統(tǒng)的方法是使用無源濾波器來補償電網(wǎng)所需的無功和諧波�？紤]到其濾波效果差、無功補償定量等缺點,有源電力濾波器(Active Power Filter,APF)、無功靜止補償器(Static Var Compensator,SVC)和靜止無功發(fā)生器(Static Var Generator,SVG)等有源補償設備得到了廣泛的使用。但是有源濾波裝置一般價格昂貴,對于小型的新能源分布式發(fā)電來說這會增加成本,不利于設備維護。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)在微電網(wǎng)中大量使用到了并網(wǎng)逆變器,如果能夠使并網(wǎng)逆變器在并網(wǎng)逆變的同時來補償微電網(wǎng)并網(wǎng)對電網(wǎng)造成的無功和諧波影響,就能在不增加成本的情況下來提高并網(wǎng)點的電能質(zhì)量。觀察并網(wǎng)逆變器和APF的主電路結(jié)構(gòu),可以發(fā)現(xiàn)他們具有相同的拓撲結(jié)構(gòu),二者功能不同主要是因為其控制方式不同。本文主要研究內(nèi)容是利用微電網(wǎng)中的逆變器在并網(wǎng)逆變的同時具有治理微電網(wǎng)自身無功和諧波的功能,以減小微電網(wǎng)對低壓配電網(wǎng)電能質(zhì)量的影響。本文的研究對象為三相四橋臂并網(wǎng)逆變器,使其在實現(xiàn)新能源并網(wǎng)發(fā)電的同時治理微電網(wǎng)的無功、諧波和不平衡電流。本文首先對研究內(nèi)容的背景和意義進行闡述,分析現(xiàn)階段研究存在的一些問題,并在后面章節(jié)對研究內(nèi)容進行詳細介紹。然后,分析三相四橋臂并網(wǎng)逆變器的拓撲結(jié)構(gòu),建立起相應的數(shù)學模型。分析逆變器的控制方式,著重介紹其指令電流的生成算法。指令電流可以分為兩部分,一為并網(wǎng)電流指令;二為諧波電流指令。并網(wǎng)電流指令的作用是控制逆變器進行并網(wǎng)發(fā)電,諧波電流指令的作用是控制逆變器進行微電網(wǎng)電能質(zhì)量治理。最后,在多功能逆變器的基礎上實現(xiàn)電能質(zhì)量的優(yōu)化補償,使逆變器的利用效率更高。本文利用MATLAB/Simulink對整個逆變系統(tǒng)進行搭建。對既能實現(xiàn)并網(wǎng)逆變又能實現(xiàn)電能質(zhì)量治理的控制算法進行仿真驗證,并對隨后提出的電能質(zhì)量優(yōu)化補償策略進行仿真驗證。最后使用RT-lab對本文所提的控制算法和補償策略進行仿真試驗。MATLAB和RT-lab仿真試驗結(jié)果驗證了本文控制策略的正確性和有效性。
[Abstract]:With the aggravation of energy crisis and social problems, the development and utilization of new energy have been effectively developed. But for the distributed generation of small capacity wind, light and so on, how to effectively connect it to the power grid without bringing reactive power and harmonic effects to the power network, In order to realize the connection between distributed generation and power grid, the concept of microgrid is proposed. Microgrid is a collection of renewable energy generation, monitoring and protection of microgrid. The local power supply system with local load as an integral whole is the core link of small distributed generation and grid connection. In order to reduce the impact of distributed generation and grid connection on reactive power and harmonic, The traditional method is to use passive filter to compensate the reactive power and harmonic of power network. Active Power filter (APF), static Var compensator (SVC) and static Var generator (SVG) are widely used. For small, new energy distributed generation, this increases costs and is not good for equipment maintenance. It is not difficult to find that grid-connected inverters are widely used in microgrids. If the grid-connected inverter can be used to compensate the reactive power and harmonic effects caused by the grid-connected microgrid at the same time, We can improve the power quality of parallel nodes without increasing the cost. If we look at the main circuit structure of grid-connected inverter and APF, we can find that they have the same topology. The main purpose of this paper is to use the inverter in the microgrid to control the reactive power and harmonics of the microgrid while the inverter is connected to the grid. In order to reduce the influence of microgrid on the power quality of low-voltage distribution network, the research object of this paper is three-phase four-leg grid-connected inverter, which can realize the grid connection of new energy and control the reactive power of microgrid at the same time. Harmonic and unbalanced current. The background and significance of the research content are described in this paper, and some problems existing in the present research are analyzed, and the research contents are introduced in detail in the following chapters. The topology structure of three-phase four-leg grid-connected inverter is analyzed and the corresponding mathematical model is established. The control mode of inverter is analyzed and the algorithm of generating instruction current is introduced emphatically. The instruction current can be divided into two parts: one is grid-connected current instruction; The second is harmonic current instruction. The function of grid-connected current instruction is to control the inverter for grid-connected generation, and the function of harmonic current instruction is to control the inverter to deal with the power quality of micro-grid. Finally, The power quality compensation is realized on the basis of multifunctional inverter. In this paper, MATLAB/Simulink is used to build the whole inverter system. The control algorithm which can not only realize grid-connected inverter but also realize power quality governance is verified by simulation. Finally, the simulation results of the proposed control algorithm and compensation strategy by RT-lab. MATLAB and RT-lab simulation results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
【學位授予單位】：重慶理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM464

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