本文關鍵詞： 高壓輸電線路 雷擊過電壓 ATP-EMTP 小波分析 雷擊識別分類　出處：《廣西大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在電力系統(tǒng)中,高壓輸電線路的輸送距離很長,線路可能經過不同的地形地貌且距離地面高,因此,高壓輸電線路遭遇雷擊的概率相比其他的電力設備要大很多。因此,輸電線路的雷擊過電壓也成為了影響電網安全運行的重要因素之一。高壓輸電線路的雷擊過電壓有兩種,一種是感應雷過電壓,另一種是直擊雷過電壓,根據雷擊部位的不同又可分為反擊和繞擊。高壓輸電線路在遭受雷擊后會產生過電壓促使線路絕緣發(fā)生沖擊閃絡,進而轉變成工頻電弧,引起線路跳閘。因此,對輸電線路雷擊過電壓進行識別,這樣就能對不同的雷擊產生的過電壓采取對應的措施,防止事故的發(fā)生,保證了輸電線路的可靠供電。在電網進行防雷建設時,雷擊過電壓的識別對防雷的架構具有指導作用,為繼電保護的整定提供了可靠依據,對輸電線路故障的定位、預測都有著重要的參考意義。本文闡述了雷電流的形成機理,結合電力系統(tǒng)暫態(tài)的分析方法分析了雷電流作用于輸電線路產生故障的原因,再對輸電線路雷擊過電壓進行分類識別。借助電力系統(tǒng)電磁暫態(tài)軟件ATP-EMTP對輸電線路進行建模,得到對應的仿真模型,結合實例對輸電線路各個類別的雷擊過電壓進行仿真,得到其不同故障類型下的暫態(tài)過電壓信號。在此基礎上,結合具有強大運算能力的Matlab軟件來處理和分析雷擊暫態(tài)信號,根據小波變換提取到具有區(qū)分度的7個特征量,從而對輸電線路雷擊過電壓進行分類識別。在提取出不同情況下的特征量以后,得到識別的綜合判據,同時依據電網運行長期積累的經驗,對判據進行適當的修改,并設置相應故障類型檢測到的雷擊過電壓進行識別分類,驗證該方法具有一定的適應性。
[Abstract]:In the power system, the transmission distance of HV transmission line is very long, the transmission line may go through different terrain and landform and be high from the ground, so the transmission distance of HV transmission line is very long. The probability of high voltage transmission lines being struck by lightning is much higher than that of other power equipments. Lightning overvoltage of transmission line has also become one of the important factors that affect the safe operation of power grid. There are two kinds of lightning overvoltage in high voltage transmission line, one is induced lightning overvoltage, the other is direct lightning overvoltage. According to the different location of lightning strike, it can be divided into counterattack and wound strike. The over-voltage of high voltage transmission line will cause the line insulation to impact and flashover after being struck by lightning, and then change to power frequency arc, which will cause line tripping. The lightning overvoltage of the transmission line can be identified, so that the corresponding measures can be taken to prevent the accident from the overvoltage caused by the different lightning strike. It ensures the reliable power supply of transmission lines. In the lightning protection construction of the power network, the identification of lightning overvoltage has a guiding role to the lightning protection framework, and provides a reliable basis for the setting of relay protection. It is very important to predict the fault location of transmission line. The formation mechanism of lightning current is expounded in this paper. Combined with the analysis method of power system transient, the causes of the failure caused by lightning current acting on transmission line are analyzed. Then the lightning overvoltage of transmission line is classified and identified, and the corresponding simulation model is obtained by using the power system electromagnetic transient software ATP-EMTP to model the transmission line. The transient overvoltage signals under different fault types are obtained by simulation of various types of lightning overvoltages in transmission lines. Combined with Matlab software with powerful computing ability to process and analyze the transient signal of lightning stroke, seven characteristic quantities with discrimination are extracted according to wavelet transform. Then the lightning overvoltage of transmission line is classified and identified. After extracting the characteristic quantity under different conditions, the comprehensive criterion of recognition is obtained, and the long accumulated experience of power grid operation is obtained. The criterion is modified appropriately, and the lightning overvoltage detected by the corresponding fault type is set to identify and classify, which verifies that the method has certain adaptability.
【學位授予單位】：廣西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM863

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