發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-03 02:45

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 電動(dòng)汽車到建筑 能源系統(tǒng) 協(xié)作決策 多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化 智能社區(qū)　出處：《東華大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著智能電網(wǎng)的發(fā)展,通過(guò)實(shí)現(xiàn)電動(dòng)汽車和電網(wǎng)之間的雙向交流-也就是Vehicle-to-Grid(V2G)模式,可以顯著提高電力系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)性能和環(huán)境可持續(xù)性。該模式中,當(dāng)電動(dòng)汽車不在運(yùn)行且有剩余電量的時(shí)候,可以通過(guò)聯(lián)接到電網(wǎng)將電能輸給電網(wǎng),反過(guò)來(lái),當(dāng)電動(dòng)汽車的電池需要充電時(shí),電流可以從電網(wǎng)中提取出來(lái)給到電池。因此,V2G模式可以利用電動(dòng)汽車作為分布式能量存儲(chǔ)單位來(lái)協(xié)調(diào)用戶對(duì)電力的需求、優(yōu)化資源配置和增強(qiáng)電網(wǎng)的調(diào)峰能力,從而提高能源的利用效率和保證電力供應(yīng)的可靠性、靈活性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性。近來(lái),由于電動(dòng)汽車和智能建筑的廣泛應(yīng)用,電動(dòng)汽車到建筑(Vehicle-to-Building,V2B)模式作為V2G模式的一種延伸引起了更大的關(guān)注。V2B模式,即利用電動(dòng)汽車電池容量作為建筑電網(wǎng)的輔助分布式儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)。跟V2G模式的原理一樣,V2B模式的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵特征也是雙向能源輸送機(jī)制,該機(jī)制使得電動(dòng)汽車既可以從建筑能源系統(tǒng)中吸收電能也可以向建筑能源系統(tǒng)反饋電能,從而提高整個(gè)能源系統(tǒng)的能源使用效率。在通信技術(shù)的輔助下,V2B模式下的能源輸送可以控制在一個(gè)智能的方式下以提高電網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定性同時(shí)降低建筑和電動(dòng)汽車的用能成本。盡管基于V2B模式的分布式能源系統(tǒng)有如上的優(yōu)勢(shì),但是很少有研究著眼于研究和開(kāi)發(fā)最優(yōu)化的運(yùn)營(yíng)策略來(lái)優(yōu)化這個(gè)能源系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)營(yíng)成本并探討一些關(guān)鍵因素對(duì)整個(gè)能源系統(tǒng)的成本節(jié)約的影響。針對(duì)這一研究的漏洞,本文提出了基于V2B模式的分布式能源系統(tǒng)的協(xié)作式?jīng)Q策模型。在這個(gè)分布式能源系統(tǒng)中,建筑和電動(dòng)汽車充電站不僅都有自己的能源需求,還都有自己的供能系統(tǒng)和能源存儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)。針對(duì)該V2B分布式能源系統(tǒng)的決策目標(biāo),主要是要實(shí)現(xiàn)最小化運(yùn)營(yíng)成本,其中包括能源的使用成本和碳排放的成本。在本文中,我們構(gòu)建了一個(gè)協(xié)作式?jīng)Q策模型,用來(lái)求解針對(duì)該分布式能源系統(tǒng)所建立的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化問(wèn)題,從而得到最終的Pareto最優(yōu)解。為了驗(yàn)證協(xié)作式?jīng)Q策模型的有效性,我們分析了不同電價(jià)機(jī)制下,協(xié)作運(yùn)營(yíng)策略和非協(xié)作運(yùn)營(yíng)策略在運(yùn)營(yíng)成本上的表現(xiàn)。通過(guò)對(duì)不同運(yùn)營(yíng)策略的對(duì)比分析,我們得到了基于V2B模式的分布式能源系統(tǒng)的協(xié)作運(yùn)營(yíng)比非協(xié)作運(yùn)營(yíng)能夠更顯著的降低運(yùn)營(yíng)成本。而且無(wú)論是協(xié)作運(yùn)營(yíng)還是非協(xié)作運(yùn)營(yíng),實(shí)時(shí)電價(jià)機(jī)制下運(yùn)營(yíng)成本都要低于固定電價(jià)機(jī)制下的運(yùn)營(yíng)成本。最后,針對(duì)V2B分布式能源系統(tǒng)在實(shí)時(shí)電價(jià)下的協(xié)作運(yùn)營(yíng),我們分析了車主的充電行為、地理位置和建筑類型對(duì)該能源系統(tǒng)運(yùn)營(yíng)成本節(jié)約的影響。本文的研究結(jié)果對(duì)未來(lái)智能社區(qū)/城市設(shè)計(jì)提供了非常有價(jià)值的見(jiàn)解和依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the development of smart grid, the V2G mode is realized by two-way communication between electric vehicle and power grid, that is, Vehicle-to-GridCon V2G. It can significantly improve the economic performance and environmental sustainability of the power system. In this model, when the electric vehicle is not in operation and there is surplus power, it can be connected to the power grid to lose electricity to the power grid, in turn. When the battery of an electric vehicle needs to be recharged, the current can be extracted from the power grid to give it to the battery. Therefore, the V2G mode can use the electric vehicle as a distributed energy storage unit to coordinate the power demand of users. Optimization of resource allocation and enhancement of the peak shaving capacity of the power grid, thereby improving energy efficiency and ensuring reliability, flexibility and economy of power supply. Recently, due to the widespread use of electric vehicles and intelligent buildings. As an extension of V2G model, electric vehicle to building vehicle (V2B) model has attracted more attention. As the principle of V2G mode, a key feature of V2B mode is bidirectional energy transmission mechanism. This mechanism can not only absorb electric energy from the building energy system but also feedback the energy to the building energy system so as to improve the energy efficiency of the whole energy system. Energy transmission in V2B mode can be controlled in an intelligent way to improve power grid stability while reducing the energy cost of buildings and electric vehicles. Advantages. However, few studies have focused on optimizing the operating costs of the energy system by researching and developing optimal operational strategies and exploring the impact of some key factors on the cost savings of the energy system as a whole. The hole. This paper presents a collaborative decision model of distributed energy system based on V2B model. In this distributed energy system, both building and electric vehicle charging stations have their own energy requirements. Also have their own energy supply system and energy storage system. For the V2B distributed energy system decision-making goal is to achieve the goal of minimizing operating costs. In this paper, we construct a collaborative decision model to solve the multi-objective optimization problem for the distributed energy system. In order to verify the validity of the cooperative decision model, we analyze the different pricing mechanisms. The performance of cooperative operation strategy and non-cooperative operation strategy in operation cost. We get that the cooperative operation of the distributed energy system based on V2B model can significantly reduce the operating cost compared with the non-cooperative operation, and whether cooperative operation or non-cooperative operation. The operating cost under the real-time electricity price mechanism is lower than the operating cost under the fixed electricity price mechanism. Finally, in view of the cooperative operation of the V2B distributed energy system under the real-time electricity price, we analyze the charging behavior of the vehicle owner. The influence of geographical location and building type on the operation cost saving of the energy system. The results of this paper provide valuable insights and basis for the future intelligent community / city design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM61;TM732

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本文編號(hào)：1486187