本文關(guān)鍵詞： 主動配電網(wǎng) 無功控制策略 電壓恢復(fù) 全局優(yōu)化　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：為了滿足分布式電源(distributed generator,DG)高接入率及高控制要求的需要,主動配電網(wǎng)可通過靈活多變的網(wǎng)架結(jié)構(gòu)和多種類型分布式電源、可控負(fù)荷等的協(xié)調(diào)控制實現(xiàn)大規(guī)�？稍偕茉床⒕W(wǎng)。大規(guī)模DG接入配電網(wǎng),可以提高清潔能源的比重,但其固有的間歇性、波動性和不確定性將影響配電網(wǎng)的運行,帶來包括電能質(zhì)量、電壓控制及穩(wěn)定性等問題。基于以上背景,本文深入開展主動配電網(wǎng)無功特性以及控制策略的研究,對于更好的接納DG,實現(xiàn)對配電網(wǎng)的主動控制,提高系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運行水平具有重要的意義。本文在針對主動配電網(wǎng)不同的運行工況制定了不同的無功控制策略,通過控制策略的協(xié)調(diào)配合,使主動配電網(wǎng)在不同時間尺度和不同空間位置達到全局無功最優(yōu)分配,主要工作內(nèi)容如下:(1)定量分析了 DG并網(wǎng)對配電網(wǎng)的影響。采用牛頓-拉夫遜法作為潮流計算方法并在Matlab中進行仿真分析,從DG的容量、位置和功率因數(shù)三個方面分析了 DG接入對配電網(wǎng)電壓以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)損耗的影響。通過分析結(jié)果,提出了分布式電源接入配電網(wǎng)的相關(guān)建議。(2)針對系統(tǒng)正常運行情況制定對傳統(tǒng)調(diào)壓設(shè)備的控制策略。以有載調(diào)壓變壓器(On-load Tap Changer,OLTC)分接頭和電容器組作為優(yōu)化變量建立數(shù)學(xué)模型,選取了網(wǎng)損最小、電壓偏差最小和綜合考慮網(wǎng)損和電壓偏差最小這三種優(yōu)化目標(biāo)分別進行分析,并采用遺傳優(yōu)化算法進行求解,使系統(tǒng)工作在最優(yōu)潮流狀態(tài)。(3)針對系統(tǒng)因為外界環(huán)境變化而造成的電壓波動制定了基于靈敏度分析的無功電壓控制策略。通過計算配電網(wǎng)電壓—無功靈敏度值來尋求無功調(diào)節(jié)的最優(yōu)方案,使調(diào)壓更具目的性,發(fā)揮DG和SVG的快速無功調(diào)節(jié)能力實現(xiàn)電壓恢復(fù)。(4)針對系統(tǒng)電壓發(fā)生較大波動的情況制定分區(qū)電壓調(diào)節(jié)策略。當(dāng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的DG和SVG的無功出力無法完成電壓恢復(fù)時,啟動電容器組和OLTC分接頭進行調(diào)壓,根據(jù)調(diào)壓設(shè)備的最小調(diào)節(jié)單元引起的電壓改變量將網(wǎng)絡(luò)進行調(diào)壓區(qū)域的劃分,并制定了調(diào)壓順序規(guī)則,將調(diào)壓裝置的相互影響作用降到最小,避免了無效調(diào)壓。(5)在以上三種調(diào)壓策略的基礎(chǔ)上制定無功全局協(xié)調(diào)控制策略,根據(jù)各種無功調(diào)節(jié)裝置的各自特點,分別將其納入至不同的控制環(huán)節(jié)中,通過以上三種控制策略的相互協(xié)調(diào)配合,使主動配電網(wǎng)在不同空間位置和不同時間尺度上達到無功分配全局優(yōu)化。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the needs of high access rate and high control requirements of distributed power generation distributed generator (DGG). Active distribution network can realize large-scale renewable energy grid connection through flexible and changeable network structure and coordinated control of various types of distributed power generation and controllable load. Large scale DG can be connected to distribution network. Can increase the proportion of clean energy, but its inherent intermittent, volatility and uncertainty will affect the operation of distribution networks, including power quality, voltage control and stability issues. In this paper, the reactive power characteristics and control strategy of the active distribution network are deeply studied, so as to better accept DGs and realize the active control of the distribution network. It is of great significance to improve the stable operation level of the system. In this paper, different reactive power control strategies are formulated for different operating conditions of the active distribution network, through the coordination of control strategies. The active distribution network can achieve the global optimal reactive power allocation in different time scales and different space positions. The main work is as follows: (1) the influence of DG on distribution network is analyzed quantitatively. Newton-Raphson method is used as the power flow calculation method and simulated in Matlab, and the capacity of DG is analyzed. The influence of DG access on distribution network voltage and network loss is analyzed from three aspects of position and power factor. This paper puts forward the relevant suggestions of distributed power generation access to distribution network. (2) to make the control strategy of traditional voltage regulating equipment according to the normal operation of the system, and to use the on-load voltage regulating transformer (. On-load Tap Changer. The mathematical model of OLTC tap and capacitor bank is established as the optimization variable. The three optimization objectives, namely, minimum network loss, minimum voltage deviation and comprehensive consideration of network loss and minimum voltage deviation, are selected for analysis respectively. Genetic optimization algorithm is used to solve the problem. Make the system work in the optimal power flow state. A reactive power and voltage control strategy based on sensitivity analysis is developed for the voltage fluctuation caused by the external environment. The optimal scheme of reactive power regulation is obtained by calculating the voltage-reactive sensitivity value of the distribution network. Make pressure regulation more purposeful. Exert DG and SVG's fast reactive power regulation ability to realize voltage recovery. When the reactive power of DG and SVG in the network can not complete the voltage recovery, a voltage regulation strategy is developed for the voltage fluctuation of the system. Start the capacitor bank and OLTC tap to adjust the voltage, according to the voltage change caused by the minimum regulating unit of the voltage regulator, divide the network voltage regulation area, and establish the regulation of voltage regulation sequence. The interaction of voltage regulator is minimized to avoid the ineffective voltage regulation. 5) based on the above three voltage regulation strategies, the reactive power global coordinated control strategy is formulated, according to the respective characteristics of various reactive power regulation devices. Through the coordination and coordination of the above three control strategies, the active distribution network can achieve the global optimization of reactive power distribution in different space positions and different time scales.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM714.3;TM744

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本文編號：1477794