本文關(guān)鍵詞： 有機(jī)-無機(jī) 雜化電池 界面 接觸 鈍化　出處：《華北電力大學(xué)(北京)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著全球化石能源的不斷減少和環(huán)境問題的日益嚴(yán)重,太陽(yáng)能作為一種潔凈的可再生能源引起了人們?cè)絹碓蕉嗟年P(guān)注。而太陽(yáng)能電池能夠通過光電效應(yīng)將太陽(yáng)光能直接轉(zhuǎn)化成電能,是一種理想的太陽(yáng)能利用方式。有機(jī)-無機(jī)雜化太陽(yáng)能電池作為一種新型的光伏電池,融合了有機(jī)材料和無機(jī)材料的特點(diǎn),有望成為一種低價(jià)、高效且具備柔性特征的光伏電池。但是,現(xiàn)階段這種雜化電池的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率還比較低,界面問題是制約其效率的主要原因之一：硅材料和有機(jī)聚合物材料性質(zhì)的差異致使兩相界面接觸不佳；晶硅表面往往存在大量的懸掛鍵而引起載流子的嚴(yán)重復(fù)合。這些界面問題將導(dǎo)致光生載流子在有機(jī)-無機(jī)界面處不能進(jìn)行有效的分離。因此,研究并改善界面特性對(duì)于提高有機(jī)-無機(jī)雜化電池的性能,促進(jìn)雜化電池的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)和商業(yè)應(yīng)用具有非常重要的意義�；诖�,我們首先用氫氧化鉀化學(xué)刻蝕法制備了超薄的柔性硅片,并分別以525μm厚硅片和1 8μm柔性薄硅片為基底,以共軛導(dǎo)電聚合物PEDOT:PSS為有機(jī)空穴傳輸層,制備了平板型單晶硅/PEDOT:PSS有機(jī)-無機(jī)雜化異質(zhì)結(jié)電池。然后我們主要從優(yōu)化單晶硅/PEDOT:PSS的界面接觸和實(shí)現(xiàn)單晶硅表面的有效鈍化兩個(gè)方面研究了這種雜化電池的界面問題。主要研究工作如下：研究了界面接觸對(duì)雜化電池器件性能的影響并對(duì)其進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。通過在PEDOT:PSS溶液中摻入全氟表面活性劑FSH使單晶硅與PEDOT:PSS的界面接觸角降低了近60%,極大地改善了PEDOT:PSS溶液在硅表面的浸潤(rùn)性；同時(shí)通過調(diào)控PEDOT:PSS混合溶液的旋涂轉(zhuǎn)速,得到轉(zhuǎn)速為3000r/min時(shí)PEDOT:PSS薄膜在單晶硅表面的成膜質(zhì)量最佳,雜化電池的性能最佳；此外,利用原子力顯微鏡掃描減薄前后單晶硅片的表面形貌,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)薄硅片的表面均方根(RMS)粗糙度是厚硅片的10倍左右,這使得薄硅片表面與PEDOT:PSS薄膜的接觸面積大幅提高,更有利于載流子在界面處分離,界面接觸電阻有效降低,因此基于薄硅制備的雜化電池串聯(lián)電阻更低,填充因子更高,測(cè)量的短路電流密度與理論極限電流密度之比更大。對(duì)比了自然氧化(NO)鈍化、氫氟酸(HF)鈍化和本征非晶硅(ia-Si)鈍化三種方法對(duì)單晶硅表面的鈍化效果及其對(duì)雜化電池性能的影響。通過少子壽命測(cè)試得到不同鈍化方法處理的單晶硅表面少子壽命,并計(jì)算出對(duì)應(yīng)的少子表面復(fù)合速率。復(fù)合速率越低說明鈍化效果越好,其制備的雜化電池具有更高的短路電流密度。通過調(diào)控自然氧化時(shí)間或者非晶硅沉積溫度得到最佳的自然氧化時(shí)間為12h,最佳非晶硅沉積溫度為250℃。橫向比較而言,本征非晶硅的對(duì)硅片的鈍化效果最好,其對(duì)應(yīng)的雜化電池的短路電流密度最高,厚硅與薄硅電池的最高效率分別達(dá)到9.78%和5.68%；氫氟酸鈍化的效果次之,自然氧化鈍化的效果最差。這種趨勢(shì)對(duì)于厚硅和薄硅電池是一致的。
[Abstract]:With the decrease of global fossil energy and the increasingly serious environmental problems. As a kind of clean renewable energy, solar energy has attracted more and more attention. Solar cells can convert solar energy directly into electric energy by photoelectric effect. As a new type of photovoltaic cells, organic and inorganic hybrid solar cells are expected to become a low price because of the characteristics of organic and inorganic materials. Highly efficient and flexible photovoltaic cells. However, at present, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of this hybrid cell is still relatively low. The interface problem is one of the main reasons that restrict its efficiency: the difference of the properties of silicon material and organic polymer material results in poor contact between the two phases; There are often a large number of hanging bonds on the surface of crystalline silicon, which lead to the serious recombination of carriers. These interface problems will lead to the photogenic carriers can not be effectively separated at the organic-inorganic interface. It is very important to study and improve the interface characteristics for improving the performance of organic-inorganic hybrid battery and promoting the industrial production and commercial application of hybrid battery. At first, ultrathin flexible silicon wafers were prepared by chemical etching of potassium hydroxide on 525 渭 m thick silicon wafers and 18 渭 m flexible thin silicon wafers, respectively. The conjugated conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS was used as the organic hole transport layer. The monocrystalline monocrystalline silicon / PEDOT: PSS organic-inorganic hybrid heterojunction battery was prepared, and then we optimized monocrystalline silicon / PEDOT:. The interface problem of the hybrid battery is studied in the aspects of interface contact of PSS and effective passivation of monocrystalline silicon surface. The main research work is as follows:. The effects of interface contact on the performance of hybrid battery devices were studied and optimized. The monocrystalline silicon and PEDOT were prepared by adding perfluorinated surfactant FSH in PEDOT:PSS solution. The interface contact angle of PSS is reduced by nearly 60%. The wettability of PEDOT:PSS solution on silicon surface is greatly improved. At the same time, by adjusting the rotation speed of PEDOT:PSS mixed solution, the film quality of PEDOT:PSS film on the surface of monocrystalline silicon is the best when the rotational speed is 3000r / min. The hybrid battery has the best performance. In addition, the surface morphology of single crystal silicon wafer before and after thinning was observed by atomic force microscope (AFM). We found that the surface RMS roughness of thin silicon wafer is about 10 times that of thick silicon wafer. As a result, the contact area between the thin silicon surface and the PEDOT:PSS film is greatly increased, which is more favorable to the separation of carriers at the interface and the effective reduction of the interface contact resistance. Therefore, the hybrid battery based on thin silicon has lower series resistance, higher filling factor and larger ratio of measured short circuit current density to theoretical limit current density. HFH) passivation and Intrinsic amorphous Silicon I-Si). The passivation effect of three passivation methods on the surface of monocrystalline silicon and its effect on the performance of hybrid battery were studied. The minority carrier lifetime of the surface of monocrystalline silicon treated by different passivation methods was obtained by minority carrier lifetime test. The lower the recombination rate is, the better the passivation effect is. The hybrid battery has higher short-circuit current density and the optimum natural oxidation time is 12 hours by adjusting the natural oxidation time or amorphous silicon deposition temperature. The optimum deposition temperature of amorphous silicon is 250 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1470066