本文關鍵詞： 天然氣合成變壓器油 C型結構 理化性能 電氣性能 混油特性 介電特性　出處：《華北電力大學(北京)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：變壓器油作為電力系統(tǒng)中重要的液體絕緣介質,隨著電力電網的大規(guī)模建設,特別是特高壓交直流電網的建設,讓變壓器油的需求量與日俱增。由于受到環(huán)烷基原油儲量的限制,優(yōu)質環(huán)烷基變壓器油的供應量受到了嚴重制約,優(yōu)質變壓器油的短缺對電網的建設以及電力設備的安全穩(wěn)定運行造成了一定影響。近些年來天然氣合成油技術取得了突破性的進展,以天然氣合成油技術生產出的合成變壓器油也開始進入變壓器油市場。天然氣合成變壓器油作為一種新型變壓器油,其各項性能并沒有得到較為深入的研究,對其的認識也不夠全面,因此對天然氣合成變壓器油進行深入的研究,為其應用推廣提供相應的理論依據。本文通過對天然氣合成變壓器油的碳型結構和典型理化性能、電氣性能、混油特性、介電特性四個方面進行了相關試驗與研究,同時挑選了兩種傳統(tǒng)環(huán)烷基變壓器油和一種傳統(tǒng)非環(huán)烷基變壓器油進行對照試驗。試驗結果表明：天然氣合成變壓器油是一種高閃點,低密度,低酸值且總硫含量極低的非環(huán)烷基變壓器油。在電氣性能方面：工頻擊穿電壓以及局部放電特性與傳統(tǒng)變壓器油基本相當,而雷電沖擊擊穿電壓要較其它三種傳統(tǒng)變壓器油平均值高16.47%；將天然氣合成變壓器油與三種傳統(tǒng)變壓器油分別進行體積比1：1混合后,介質損耗、酸值、傾點均滿足GB/T 7595-2008《運行中變壓器油質量》標準要求。介電特性方面：天然氣合成變壓器油和油浸紙板的介電常數(shù)實部均要小于傳統(tǒng)環(huán)烷基變壓器油,同時油浸紙板介電常數(shù)實部與油介電常數(shù)實部之比要小于傳統(tǒng)環(huán)烷基變壓器油；介電常數(shù)虛部在-10℃和20℃低頻段時較傳統(tǒng)環(huán)烷基變壓器油大,而在中高頻段則比傳統(tǒng)環(huán)烷基變壓器油虛部小,在50℃與80℃則與傳統(tǒng)環(huán)烷基變壓器油基本相當,同時對天然氣合成變壓器油介電常數(shù)虛部按照H-N模型擬合,通過擬合后的相關參數(shù)表明,天然氣合成變壓器油的松弛極化時間受溫度影響較傳統(tǒng)環(huán)烷基變壓器油小。
[Abstract]:Transformer oil as an important liquid insulating medium in power system, with the large-scale construction of power grid, especially the construction of UHV AC / DC power grid. Because of the limitation of the reserve of naphthenic crude oil, the supply of high-quality naphthenic transformer oil is seriously restricted. The shortage of high quality transformer oil has a certain impact on the construction of power grid and the safe and stable operation of power equipment. In recent years, the technology of synthetic oil of natural gas has made a breakthrough progress. Synthetic transformer oil produced by natural gas synthetic oil technology has also begun to enter the transformer oil market. As a new type of transformer oil, the performance of natural gas synthetic transformer oil has not been studied in depth. The understanding of the transformer oil is not comprehensive enough, so the natural gas synthetic transformer oil is studied deeply. In this paper, the carbon structure, typical physical and chemical properties, electrical properties and oil blending characteristics of natural gas synthetic transformer oil are studied. The dielectric properties of the four aspects have been tested and studied. At the same time, two kinds of conventional naphthenic transformer oil and one traditional non-naphthenic transformer oil were selected for comparative test. The results show that the natural gas synthetic transformer oil is a kind of high flash point and low density. Non-naphthenic transformer oil with low acid value and very low total sulfur content. Electrical performance: power frequency breakdown voltage and partial discharge characteristics are basically equivalent to traditional transformer oil. The average lightning impulse breakdown voltage is 16.47% higher than that of the other three conventional transformer oils. After mixing natural gas synthetic transformer oil with three traditional transformer oils with volume ratio of 1: 1, the dielectric loss and acid value are obtained. All pour points meet the requirements of GB/T 7595-2008 "Transformer Oil quality in Operation". Dielectric characteristics:. The dielectric constant of natural gas synthetic transformer oil and oil-impregnated paperboard is smaller than that of traditional naphthenic transformer oil. At the same time, the ratio of the real part of the dielectric constant to the real part of the oil dielectric constant is smaller than that of the traditional naphthenic transformer oil. The imaginary part of dielectric constant is larger than that of traditional naphthenic transformer oil at -10 鈩，

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