本文關鍵詞： 雙斜槽 電流相量 槽配合 徑向電磁力 同步附加轉矩　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：振動與噪聲水平是衡量電機質量的一項重要指標,工業(yè)生產(chǎn)與社會生活中對安靜運轉的電機都有很大的需求。雙斜槽轉子感應電動機具有低噪聲、低振動的優(yōu)點,并解決了單斜槽轉子感應電動機容易產(chǎn)生軸向竄動以及無法完全消除同步附加轉矩的缺點。本文針對雙斜槽轉子的拓撲結構特點,為進一步探索雙斜槽轉子感應電動機的結構特點對性能的影響,分析了雙斜槽轉子感應電動機的轉子電流分布特點、槽配合的選擇以及對同步附加轉矩的影響,主要工作有以下幾個方面:雙斜槽轉子繞組的電路圖與傳統(tǒng)單斜槽轉子不同,為了研究雙斜槽轉子繞組上的導條、端環(huán)及中環(huán)電流間的關系。根據(jù)電機學基本原理,建立雙斜槽轉子繞組的電路圖,在三維有限元軟件中建立雙斜槽電機模型,分別對堵轉和額定運行兩種工況進行仿真,通過電路原理使用軟件中的場計算器計算導條、端環(huán)及中環(huán)中的電流,建立了雙斜槽轉子繞組電流的相量關系。當徑向電磁力的階次及頻率,與電機的固有振型及固有頻率重疊時,電機將發(fā)生共振,產(chǎn)生噪音。利用麥克斯韋張量法得到定子內(nèi)表面的徑向電磁力密度,分析了四種槽配合所產(chǎn)生的力波階次與力波頻率,通過模態(tài)分析方法計算定子的自然固有頻率,有限元方法計算隨時間空間變化的徑向電磁力,對時空變化的徑向電磁力作二維傅里葉分解得到徑向電磁力的力波階次及力波頻率。將四種槽配合產(chǎn)生的力波階次及頻率與固有力波階次及頻率對比,得到最優(yōu)槽配合。常規(guī)感應電機采用等槽配合具有眾多優(yōu)點,但存在堵轉點存在大量的定子諧波磁場與轉子諧波磁場相互作用,產(chǎn)生同步附加轉矩,導致電機無法起動。為了解決這一問題,本文在等槽配合時采用雙斜槽轉子結構。根據(jù)疊加原理并忽略氣隙磁場的飽和,采用磁勢乘磁導法求解轉子繞組產(chǎn)生的轉子諧波磁場,再類比得到定子諧波磁勢在轉子繞組中感生的諧波磁勢。根據(jù)同步附加轉矩產(chǎn)生原理,分析不同次諧波所產(chǎn)生的同步附加轉矩產(chǎn)生的速度點,推導同步附加轉矩的公式,仿真對比直槽、單斜槽及雙斜槽轉子感應電動機在堵轉點的堵轉轉矩,并通過試驗驗證了雙斜槽轉子感應電動機在堵轉點的堵轉轉矩全為正值。
[Abstract]:The level of vibration and noise is an important index to measure the quality of motor. There is a great demand for quiet motor in industrial production and social life. The rotor induction motor with double slant slot has low noise. The advantages of low vibration, and solve the single slot rotor induction motor easy to produce axial channeling and can not completely eliminate the synchronous additional torque. This paper aims at the characteristics of double slant slot rotor topology. In order to further explore the influence of the structure characteristics of double-slant slot rotor induction motor on the performance, the characteristics of rotor current distribution, the selection of slot fit and the effect on synchronous additional torque of double-slant slot rotor induction motor are analyzed. The main work is as follows: the circuit diagram of the double slant slot rotor winding is different from the traditional single skew slot rotor winding, in order to study the guide bar on the double inclined slot rotor winding. According to the basic principle of motor, the circuit diagram of double slant slot rotor winding is established, and the model of double slant slot motor is established in 3D finite element software. Through the circuit principle, the field calculator in the software is used to calculate the current in the guide bar, the end ring and the ring. The phasor relation of rotor winding current with double slant slot is established. When the order and frequency of radial electromagnetic force overlap with the inherent mode and natural frequency of the motor, the resonance of the motor will occur. The radial electromagnetic force density of stator inner surface was obtained by Maxwell Zhang Liang method, and the force wave order and force wave frequency produced by four grooves were analyzed. The natural natural frequency of stator is calculated by modal analysis method, and the radial electromagnetic force varying with time and space is calculated by finite element method. The order of force wave and the frequency of force wave of radial electromagnetic force are obtained by two-dimensional Fourier decomposition. The order and frequency of force wave produced by the coordination of four grooves are compared with the order and frequency of natural force wave. The conventional induction motor with equal slot fit has many advantages, but there is a large number of stator harmonic magnetic field and rotor harmonic magnetic field interaction, resulting in synchronous additional torque. In order to solve this problem, the double slant slot rotor structure is adopted in this paper. According to the superposition principle, the saturation of air gap magnetic field is ignored. The harmonic magnetic field generated by rotor winding is solved by magnetic potential multiplying magnetic conductance method, and the harmonic magnetic field induced by stator harmonic magnetic potential in rotor winding is obtained by analogy. The speed points of synchronous additional torque generated by different subharmonics are analyzed, the formula of synchronous additional torque is deduced, and the torque of rotor induction motor with straight slot, single slant slot and double slant slot is simulated and compared. The results show that the torque of the rotor induction motor with double slant slot is positive at the turning point.
【學位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM346

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