本文關(guān)鍵詞：調(diào)速永磁同步電動機系列化設(shè)計新方法的研究　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 調(diào)速永磁同步電動機 系列電機設(shè)計 漏磁系數(shù) 齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩 解析計算

【摘要】：調(diào)速永磁同步電動機具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、效率高、功率密度高以及動態(tài)性能良好等優(yōu)點,在工業(yè)、商業(yè)電器、運輸車輛、航空等領(lǐng)域得到了越來越廣泛的應(yīng)用。研究調(diào)速永磁同步電動機的設(shè)計方法,開發(fā)高效、標準、系列化的調(diào)速永磁同步電動機,具有重要的科研意義和應(yīng)用價值。目前,調(diào)速永磁同步電動機的設(shè)計主要參照感應(yīng)電動機的規(guī)格進行設(shè)計。對于同一機座,由于電機功率、極數(shù)、槽數(shù)等的不同,定、轉(zhuǎn)子沖片也不同,造成電機沖片規(guī)格繁多,給電機的設(shè)計、制造、使用和維護帶來很多不便。為縮短電機的設(shè)計和試制周期,減少模具數(shù)量,提高零部件的通用性,降低制造和維護成本,本文提出一種調(diào)速永磁同步電動機系列化設(shè)計的新構(gòu)想,即:對同一機座號的電機,選用相同的極數(shù)和槽數(shù),并采用相同尺寸的定轉(zhuǎn)子沖片;電機轉(zhuǎn)速不同,則供電頻率不同�；诖藰�(gòu)想,本文圍繞內(nèi)置式永磁同步電動機的本體設(shè)計進行了系統(tǒng)研究,主要工作和取得的成果如下:1)電機電磁結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計研究。本文對調(diào)速永磁同步電動機的基本結(jié)構(gòu)進行了分析,選擇V型結(jié)構(gòu)作為系列電機的轉(zhuǎn)子結(jié)構(gòu);對比了極數(shù)對電機結(jié)構(gòu)和經(jīng)濟性的影響,確定了系列電機的極數(shù)為6;從鐵耗密度的角度,給出了系列電機鐵心磁密的確定原則,并進行了永磁體的設(shè)計;分析了不均勻氣隙對電機氣隙磁密分布、空載反電勢和齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩等的影響;提出了一種內(nèi)置式永磁電機漏磁系數(shù)解析計算方法,并與有限元法計算結(jié)果進行對比,驗證了本文方法的準確性。2)內(nèi)置式永磁電機齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩分析、計算與削弱的研究。本文采用解析法分析了內(nèi)置式永磁電機的齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩,鑒于解析法計算準確度差,有限元法計算量大、計算周期長的特點,提出了一種齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩快速準確計算方法。該方法基于能量法推導(dǎo)了齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩的解析表達式,對計算所需的傅里葉系數(shù)則采用有限元法求取。通過有限元法求取不同結(jié)構(gòu)的氣隙磁密分布,據(jù)此計算出轉(zhuǎn)子等效磁動勢和有效氣隙長度的分布,進而求出傅里葉系數(shù),代入解析公式即可快速準確地計算出齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩;本文對內(nèi)置式永磁電機齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩的削弱措施進行了研究,主要分析了合理選擇極弧系數(shù)和采用不同極弧系數(shù)組合等方法。3)電機系列化設(shè)計研究。研究了調(diào)速永磁同步電動機的系列設(shè)計準則,分析了不同功率相同轉(zhuǎn)速和不同轉(zhuǎn)速相同功率電機的類比規(guī)律,為系列電機的派生設(shè)計提供了依據(jù);以160機座號樣機設(shè)計為例展示了樣機的設(shè)計方案和電磁計算結(jié)果,并對設(shè)計的樣機進行了樣機試驗,試驗結(jié)果表明樣機性能滿足設(shè)計要求。
[Abstract]:The speed regulating permanent magnet synchronous motor has the advantages of simple structure, high efficiency, high power density and good dynamic performance, in industrial, commercial appliances, transport vehicles. The design method of speed regulating permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is studied, and the efficient, standard and serialized PMSM is developed. It has important scientific research significance and application value. At present, the design of speed regulating permanent magnet synchronous motor mainly refers to the specification of induction motor. For the same seat, because of the motor power, pole number. The number of slots, stator, rotor punches are also different, resulting in a variety of motor punch specifications, to the motor design, manufacture, use and maintenance of a lot of inconvenience. In order to shorten the motor design and trial production cycle. To reduce the number of dies, improve the versatility of parts and components, and reduce the cost of manufacturing and maintenance, this paper presents a new idea of serialization design of speed regulating permanent magnet synchronous motor, that is, the motor with the same seat number. Select the same number of poles and slots, and use the same size of the stator and rotor punch; The frequency of power supply is different with different rotating speed of motor. Based on this conception, this paper makes a systematic study on the body design of built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The main work and achievements are as follows: 1) the electromagnetic structure design of the motor. The basic structure of the speed regulating permanent magnet synchronous motor is analyzed in this paper, and the V-type structure is chosen as the rotor structure of the series motor. The effect of pole number on the structure and economy of motor is compared, and the number of poles of series motor is determined to be 6. From the angle of iron loss density, the determination principle of iron core density of series motors is given, and the design of permanent magnet is carried out. The influence of non-uniform air gap on airgap magnetic density distribution, no-load back EMF and slot torque are analyzed. An analytical calculation method of magnetic flux leakage coefficient of built-in permanent magnet motor is proposed, and compared with the result of finite element method, which verifies the accuracy of this method. 2) the torque analysis of tooth slot of built-in permanent magnet motor. In this paper, the slotting torque of the built-in permanent magnet motor is analyzed by analytical method. In view of the poor accuracy of the analytical method, the finite element method has the characteristics of large computational complexity and long calculation period. This paper presents a fast and accurate method for calculating the slotting torque, which derives the analytical expression of the slotting torque based on the energy method. The finite element method is used to calculate the Fourier coefficients and the magnetic density distribution of air gap of different structures is obtained by finite element method. Based on this, the distribution of effective air gap length and equivalent magnetic EMF of rotor is calculated. Then the Fourier coefficient can be calculated, and the torque of the tooth slot can be calculated quickly and accurately by the analytical formula. In this paper, the weakening measures of the slot torque of the built-in permanent magnet motor are studied. This paper mainly analyzes the series design of motor with reasonable selection of polar arc coefficient and different combination of polar arc coefficient, and studies the series design criteria of speed regulating permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The analogical law of the motor with the same power and the same speed is analyzed, which provides the basis for the derivative design of the series motors. The design scheme and electromagnetic calculation results of the prototype are demonstrated by taking the prototype design of the 160 seat as an example, and the prototype test is carried out. The experimental results show that the performance of the prototype meets the design requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM341

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