本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于磁光隔離器的電流測量系統(tǒng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 磁光隔離器 電流測量 光學(xué)互感器 FPGA 以太網(wǎng)

【摘要】：電流互感器是電力系統(tǒng)中的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備,是連接一、二次側(cè)設(shè)備的重要橋梁和紐帶,因此電流互感器的可靠性、穩(wěn)定性以及其測量精度與智能電網(wǎng)安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行的關(guān)系顯得更加密切。隨著智能電網(wǎng)數(shù)字化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、信息化的深度不斷加深和IEC61850標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的推廣與使用,傳統(tǒng)互感器的局限性也日趨顯著,于是絕緣簡單、動態(tài)范圍大、頻率響應(yīng)寬的光學(xué)電流互感器(OTC)受到了學(xué)者們的廣泛關(guān)注。尤其是在智能電網(wǎng)和特高壓建設(shè)的大背景下,光學(xué)電流互感器的研究和使用將會對整個電力系統(tǒng)帶來嶄新的變革,但光學(xué)電流互感器的各方面研究已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了三十多年,到目前為止仍沒有一種成熟化的產(chǎn)品應(yīng)用于市場,究其原因,其工作性能還存在無法克服的缺陷。例如溫度、雙折射、熱應(yīng)力等對互感器測量精度的干擾。除此之外,價格成本、安裝困難也是限制光學(xué)電流互感器大范圍使用的主要原因。因此,探尋工藝更加成熟、用材更為常見、制作成本更加低廉的光學(xué)電流互感器顯的尤為必要。本論文以光學(xué)電流互感器的研究為著眼點(diǎn),先后闡明了傳統(tǒng)電流互感器的缺點(diǎn)及使用的局限性和光學(xué)電流互感器的優(yōu)點(diǎn)及存在的問題,并指出了光學(xué)電流互感器作為未來研究方向的客觀原因與主觀需求�；诖�,本論文在詳細(xì)介紹光學(xué)電流互感器原理、種類的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步介紹了磁光隔離器等相關(guān)器件,提出了在光學(xué)電流互感器價格昂貴、安裝困難、測量精度低、速度慢的情況下,能否在其他領(lǐng)域探尋新的器件和解決辦法以大幅度降低制造成本與安裝工藝的研究思路。本文根據(jù)新提出的研究思路,在充分比較各類磁光器件的基礎(chǔ)上,最終選擇了磁光隔離器為主要的研究器件和方向。結(jié)合磁光隔離器的結(jié)構(gòu)和特性,搭建了以磁光隔離器為傳感元件的光學(xué)測量回路,并對激光驅(qū)動及發(fā)射單元、光電轉(zhuǎn)換及接收單元、AD采樣及傳輸單元等進(jìn)行了應(yīng)用化設(shè)計(jì)。為滿足電力系統(tǒng)對實(shí)時性的要求,最終選擇了運(yùn)算速度更快、內(nèi)部資源更加豐富的FPGA作為主處理器,然后詳細(xì)介紹了 FPGA的基本結(jié)構(gòu)、芯片性能、硬件描述語言及開發(fā)流程,接著根據(jù)FPGA的設(shè)計(jì)化要求,搭建了基于FPGA的軟硬件平臺,對FPGA進(jìn)行了接口設(shè)計(jì)、板卡外圍電源設(shè)計(jì)、總線設(shè)計(jì)、AD采樣模塊設(shè)計(jì)、DMA數(shù)據(jù)儲存模塊設(shè)計(jì)和以太網(wǎng)設(shè)計(jì)等。在本文最后,搭建了整個光學(xué)電流測量系統(tǒng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺對偏振相關(guān)型磁光隔離器和偏振無關(guān)型磁光隔離器進(jìn)行了磁場測量的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,繪制了磁場與電壓的關(guān)系點(diǎn)狀圖,并使用lsqcurvefit函數(shù)對磁場與電壓關(guān)系進(jìn)行了非線性擬合。經(jīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明兩款磁光隔離器具備了在磁場測量和電流測量領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用的條件和特性,為下一步對溫度、應(yīng)力等特性的研究和實(shí)際產(chǎn)品的制造打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Current transformer is the key equipment in the power system, it is an important bridge and tie connecting the primary and secondary equipment, so the reliability of the current transformer. The relationship between the stability and the measuring accuracy of the smart grid is more closely related to the safe and stable operation of the smart grid. With the digitization of the smart grid, the network becomes more and more important. With the deepening of information technology and the popularization and use of IEC61850 standard, the limitation of traditional transformer is becoming more and more obvious, so the insulation is simple and the dynamic range is large. OTC-based optical current transformers with wide frequency response have attracted wide attention, especially in the context of smart grid and UHV construction. The research and application of optical current transformers will bring new changes to the whole power system, but the research on various aspects of optical current transformers has been carried out for more than 30 years. Up to now, no mature product has been applied to the market. The reason is that the performance of the product can not be overcome, such as temperature, birefringence. In addition, the price cost and installation difficulties are the main reasons for limiting the wide use of optical current transformers. Therefore, it is more mature to explore the technology. It is more common to use materials, and it is necessary to make optical current transformers with lower cost. This paper focuses on the research of optical current transformers. The shortcomings and limitations of traditional current transformers and the advantages and problems of optical current transformers are expounded. The objective reason and subjective demand of optical current transformer as the future research direction are pointed out. Based on this, this paper introduces the principle and category of optical current transformer in detail. The related devices such as magneto-optic isolator are further introduced. It is proposed that the optical current transformer is expensive, difficult to install, low measurement accuracy and slow speed. Whether we can find new devices and solutions in other fields in order to greatly reduce the manufacturing cost and installation technology research ideas. According to the new research ideas, based on the full comparison of various magneto-optic devices. Finally, the magneto-optic isolator is chosen as the main research device and direction. Combined with the structure and characteristics of the magneto-optic isolator, the optical measurement circuit with magneto-optic isolator as the sensing element is built, and the laser drive and emitter unit are designed. The photoelectric conversion and receiving unit AD sampling and transmission unit are applied to design. In order to meet the real-time requirements of the power system, the calculation speed is chosen to be faster. FPGA, which has more abundant internal resources, is used as the main processor. Then the basic structure, chip performance, hardware description language and development process of FPGA are introduced in detail, and then according to the design requirements of FPGA. The hardware and software platform based on FPGA is built, the interface of FPGA is designed, the peripheral power supply of the board is designed, and the AD sampling module is designed. DMA data storage module design and Ethernet design. The experiment platform of the whole optical current measurement system is built to measure the magnetic field of polarization-dependent magneto-optic isolator and polarization-independent magneto-optical isolator. The relationship between magnetic field and voltage is drawn. The nonlinear fitting of the relationship between magnetic field and voltage is carried out by using lsqcurvefit function. It is proved that the two magneto-optic isolators have the conditions and characteristics to be applied in the field of magnetic field measurement and current measurement. It lays a solid foundation for the further study of temperature and stress characteristics and the manufacture of practical products.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM933.1

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