本文關(guān)鍵詞：核救災(zāi)機(jī)器人電子器件熱防護(hù)系統(tǒng)研究　出處：《華東理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 核救災(zāi)機(jī)器人 電子器件 熱防護(hù)系統(tǒng) 相變 冷板

【摘要】：核電站緊急救災(zāi)機(jī)器人的開發(fā)是提高核電站安全運(yùn)行能力,完善核事故應(yīng)急處理預(yù)案體系的一個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié)。核事故發(fā)生后高放高濕熱的惡劣環(huán)境對(duì)人身安全造成嚴(yán)重威脅,目前只能采用機(jī)器人完成探測(cè)、清障等相關(guān)的任務(wù)需求。機(jī)器人用的電子器件除了耐輻射性能低外,對(duì)溫度也有著很高的敏感性,為解決核救災(zāi)機(jī)器人電子器件熱失效的問(wèn)題,本文針對(duì)核事故后的兩種不同工況,分別設(shè)計(jì)了高溫高輻射下的隔熱與相變結(jié)合,以及常溫低輻射下水冷的熱防護(hù)系統(tǒng),考察了相關(guān)運(yùn)行參數(shù)對(duì)熱防護(hù)效果的影響,并通過(guò)對(duì)冷板的模擬進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化了水冷系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。同時(shí),對(duì)熱防護(hù)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了適用性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性評(píng)估。主要得到以下相關(guān)成果:(1)明確了核救災(zāi)機(jī)器人作業(yè)工況;分析電子器件高溫失效機(jī)理及最高安全工作溫度;基于執(zhí)行任務(wù)的不同提出兩種不同工況下的機(jī)器人熱設(shè)計(jì)需求,初步計(jì)算熱防護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)中需要的材料及器件參數(shù)。(2)針對(duì)安全殼內(nèi)高放高濕熱的作業(yè)環(huán)境,機(jī)器人采用外部隔熱與內(nèi)部相變吸熱的方式對(duì)機(jī)器人進(jìn)行熱防護(hù)。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,吸熱的總量與相變材料的潛熱有關(guān),熱控時(shí)間近似與相變材料的量成正比。對(duì)于安全殼外低輻射常溫的作業(yè)環(huán)境,采用液體循環(huán)冷卻的方式進(jìn)行散熱。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,冷卻液流速與器件平衡最高溫度成反比,且隨著流速的增大,平衡最高溫度下降幅度逐漸減緩;管路串聯(lián)方式的溫升明顯高于并聯(lián)。(3)對(duì)液冷循環(huán)系統(tǒng)中的冷板內(nèi)冷卻液流動(dòng)過(guò)程進(jìn)行模擬研究,耗散功率、流速等與散熱效果的關(guān)系與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果相符。不同流道內(nèi)結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)散熱影響明顯,加入擾流柱之后接觸表面的平衡最高溫度略有下降,壓力損失增大,換熱效率有所提升,叉排的排列方式的冷板內(nèi)冷卻液壓力損失小于正排排列方式。(4)對(duì)機(jī)器人的熱防護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)的適用性及經(jīng)濟(jì)性進(jìn)行評(píng)估。劑量的增大對(duì)于屏蔽材料的厚度增加顯著,質(zhì)量和造價(jià)均有明顯提升,熱防護(hù)系統(tǒng)的造價(jià)相對(duì)較低,經(jīng)過(guò)防護(hù)后安全工作時(shí)長(zhǎng)大大增加。
[Abstract]:The development of emergency relief robot for nuclear power station is to improve the safe operation ability of nuclear power plant. It is an important link to perfect the emergency plan system of nuclear accident. The harsh environment of high radiation and high humidity after the nuclear accident poses a serious threat to the personal safety. At present, only robot can be used to complete the detection. In addition to the low radiation resistance, the electronic devices used in the robot also have a high sensitivity to temperature, in order to solve the thermal failure of nuclear disaster relief robot electronic devices. In view of the two different working conditions after the nuclear accident, the thermal protection system of heat insulation and phase transition under high temperature and high radiation, as well as the thermal protection system of water cooling at normal temperature and low radiation, are designed in this paper. The influence of operation parameters on thermal protection effect was investigated, and the design of water cooling system was further optimized through the simulation of cold plate. The applicability and economy of the thermal protection system are evaluated. The main results are as follows: 1) the working conditions of the nuclear disaster relief robot are defined. The failure mechanism of electronic devices at high temperature and the maximum safe working temperature are analyzed. Based on the different tasks, two kinds of thermal design requirements of robot under different working conditions are proposed. The material and device parameters required in the thermal protection structure are calculated preliminarily. The robot uses external heat insulation and internal phase change heat absorption to protect the robot. The experiment shows that the total amount of heat absorption is related to the latent heat of phase change material. The thermal control time is approximately proportional to the amount of phase change material. For the working environment with low radiation and room temperature outside the containment, the cooling mode of liquid cycle is used to dissipate heat. The experimental results show that the thermal control time is in direct proportion to the amount of phase change material. The coolant flow rate is inversely proportional to the maximum equilibrium temperature of the device, and with the increase of the flow rate, the decrease of the maximum equilibrium temperature gradually slows down. The temperature rise of the pipeline in series is obviously higher than that in parallel.) the flow process of the cooling fluid in the cooling plate in the liquid-cooled circulation system is simulated and studied, and the dissipative power is dissipated. The relationship between flow rate and heat dissipation effect is consistent with the experimental results. The influence of different flow channel structure on heat dissipation is obvious. The equilibrium maximum temperature of contact surface decreases slightly and the pressure loss increases after adding spoiler column. Heat transfer efficiency has improved. The pressure loss of the coolant in the cold plate of the arrangement of the cross row is less than that of the normal arrangement. The applicability and economy of the thermal protection design of the robot are evaluated. The thickness of the shielding material increases significantly with the increase of the dose. The quality and cost of the thermal protection system are obviously improved, the cost of the thermal protection system is relatively low, and the working time of the thermal protection system is greatly increased after the protection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP242;TM623.8

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