本文關(guān)鍵詞：核救災(zāi)機器人電子器件熱防護系統(tǒng)研究　出處：《華東理工大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 核救災(zāi)機器人 電子器件 熱防護系統(tǒng) 相變 冷板

【摘要】：核電站緊急救災(zāi)機器人的開發(fā)是提高核電站安全運行能力,完善核事故應(yīng)急處理預(yù)案體系的一個重要環(huán)節(jié)。核事故發(fā)生后高放高濕熱的惡劣環(huán)境對人身安全造成嚴重威脅,目前只能采用機器人完成探測、清障等相關(guān)的任務(wù)需求。機器人用的電子器件除了耐輻射性能低外,對溫度也有著很高的敏感性,為解決核救災(zāi)機器人電子器件熱失效的問題,本文針對核事故后的兩種不同工況,分別設(shè)計了高溫高輻射下的隔熱與相變結(jié)合,以及常溫低輻射下水冷的熱防護系統(tǒng),考察了相關(guān)運行參數(shù)對熱防護效果的影響,并通過對冷板的模擬進一步優(yōu)化了水冷系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計。同時,對熱防護系統(tǒng)進行了適用性和經(jīng)濟性評估。主要得到以下相關(guān)成果:(1)明確了核救災(zāi)機器人作業(yè)工況;分析電子器件高溫失效機理及最高安全工作溫度;基于執(zhí)行任務(wù)的不同提出兩種不同工況下的機器人熱設(shè)計需求,初步計算熱防護結(jié)構(gòu)中需要的材料及器件參數(shù)。(2)針對安全殼內(nèi)高放高濕熱的作業(yè)環(huán)境,機器人采用外部隔熱與內(nèi)部相變吸熱的方式對機器人進行熱防護。實驗表明,吸熱的總量與相變材料的潛熱有關(guān),熱控時間近似與相變材料的量成正比。對于安全殼外低輻射常溫的作業(yè)環(huán)境,采用液體循環(huán)冷卻的方式進行散熱。實驗表明,冷卻液流速與器件平衡最高溫度成反比,且隨著流速的增大,平衡最高溫度下降幅度逐漸減緩;管路串聯(lián)方式的溫升明顯高于并聯(lián)。(3)對液冷循環(huán)系統(tǒng)中的冷板內(nèi)冷卻液流動過程進行模擬研究,耗散功率、流速等與散熱效果的關(guān)系與實驗結(jié)果相符。不同流道內(nèi)結(jié)構(gòu)對散熱影響明顯,加入擾流柱之后接觸表面的平衡最高溫度略有下降,壓力損失增大,換熱效率有所提升,叉排的排列方式的冷板內(nèi)冷卻液壓力損失小于正排排列方式。(4)對機器人的熱防護設(shè)計的適用性及經(jīng)濟性進行評估。劑量的增大對于屏蔽材料的厚度增加顯著,質(zhì)量和造價均有明顯提升,熱防護系統(tǒng)的造價相對較低,經(jīng)過防護后安全工作時長大大增加。
[Abstract]:The development of emergency relief robot for nuclear power station is to improve the safe operation ability of nuclear power plant. It is an important link to perfect the emergency plan system of nuclear accident. The harsh environment of high radiation and high humidity after the nuclear accident poses a serious threat to the personal safety. At present, only robot can be used to complete the detection. In addition to the low radiation resistance, the electronic devices used in the robot also have a high sensitivity to temperature, in order to solve the thermal failure of nuclear disaster relief robot electronic devices. In view of the two different working conditions after the nuclear accident, the thermal protection system of heat insulation and phase transition under high temperature and high radiation, as well as the thermal protection system of water cooling at normal temperature and low radiation, are designed in this paper. The influence of operation parameters on thermal protection effect was investigated, and the design of water cooling system was further optimized through the simulation of cold plate. The applicability and economy of the thermal protection system are evaluated. The main results are as follows: 1) the working conditions of the nuclear disaster relief robot are defined. The failure mechanism of electronic devices at high temperature and the maximum safe working temperature are analyzed. Based on the different tasks, two kinds of thermal design requirements of robot under different working conditions are proposed. The material and device parameters required in the thermal protection structure are calculated preliminarily. The robot uses external heat insulation and internal phase change heat absorption to protect the robot. The experiment shows that the total amount of heat absorption is related to the latent heat of phase change material. The thermal control time is approximately proportional to the amount of phase change material. For the working environment with low radiation and room temperature outside the containment, the cooling mode of liquid cycle is used to dissipate heat. The experimental results show that the thermal control time is in direct proportion to the amount of phase change material. The coolant flow rate is inversely proportional to the maximum equilibrium temperature of the device, and with the increase of the flow rate, the decrease of the maximum equilibrium temperature gradually slows down. The temperature rise of the pipeline in series is obviously higher than that in parallel.) the flow process of the cooling fluid in the cooling plate in the liquid-cooled circulation system is simulated and studied, and the dissipative power is dissipated. The relationship between flow rate and heat dissipation effect is consistent with the experimental results. The influence of different flow channel structure on heat dissipation is obvious. The equilibrium maximum temperature of contact surface decreases slightly and the pressure loss increases after adding spoiler column. Heat transfer efficiency has improved. The pressure loss of the coolant in the cold plate of the arrangement of the cross row is less than that of the normal arrangement. The applicability and economy of the thermal protection design of the robot are evaluated. The thickness of the shielding material increases significantly with the increase of the dose. The quality and cost of the thermal protection system are obviously improved, the cost of the thermal protection system is relatively low, and the working time of the thermal protection system is greatly increased after the protection.
【學位授予單位】：華東理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP242;TM623.8

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