本文關(guān)鍵詞：金屬甲酸框架化合物基金屬硫化物的制備與電化學(xué)性能研究　出處：《新疆大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 超級電容器 非對稱電容器 金屬甲酸有機框架化合物 空心結(jié)構(gòu) 金屬硫化物

【摘要】：超級電容器是一種環(huán)保、經(jīng)濟儲能器件,具有能量密度高、性能穩(wěn)定、充電時間短、環(huán)境影響小等特點,被廣泛應(yīng)用到軍事、交通、航天等領(lǐng)域中。影響超級電容器性能的主要因素是電極材料的組成和結(jié)構(gòu),因此探究高性能的電極材料是當(dāng)今研究熱點。在眾多的儲能材料中,中空結(jié)構(gòu)的金屬硫化物具有環(huán)境友好、容量高和成本低廉等優(yōu)點,是目前理想的儲能材料之一。而金屬有機框架化合物(MOFs)具有合成簡單、形貌易于調(diào)控、原料易得價廉等特點,被認(rèn)為是合成中空、多孔材料理想的前驅(qū)體。因此,本論文致力于以金屬甲酸有機框架(MFFs)為前驅(qū)體,通過離子交換反應(yīng)制備中空金屬硫化物,并研究其電容特性,具體研究內(nèi)容如下:一、以鎳甲酸框架化合物Ni-MFF[CH_3NH_3][Ni(HCOO)3]為前驅(qū)體,通過離子交換反應(yīng),制備了分級結(jié)構(gòu)中空立方體NiS,并探究了分級中空結(jié)構(gòu)的形成機理。超級電容器性能測試結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)電流密度為1 A g~(-1)時,分級結(jié)構(gòu)中空NiS比電容可達(dá)874.5 F g~(-1),在電流密度為4 A g~(-1)下,經(jīng)過3000圈循環(huán)后其比電容還能夠保持初始值的90.2%。將NiS與煤基碳纖維組裝成非對稱電容器,在功率密度為387.5 W kg~(-1)時,能量密度可達(dá)34.9 Wh kg~(-1)。當(dāng)用兩個不對稱扣式的電容器作為電源時,可以將1個藍(lán)色的0.5 W LED燈泡點亮30 min,也可以把兩個紅的和一個黃的LED燈點亮10 min。二、室溫下,通過調(diào)節(jié)反應(yīng)物中甲酸、甲胺的比例,成功制備了兩種不同形貌的Co-MFF前驅(qū)體[CH_3NH_3][Co(HCOO)3]。利用材料的形貌繼承性,通過水熱條件下的離子交換法將不同形貌的Co-MFF前驅(qū)體轉(zhuǎn)化為空心結(jié)構(gòu)Co3S4。兩種不同形貌空心結(jié)構(gòu)Co3S4的電容性能評價結(jié)果表明:空心立方塊Cube-Co3S4在電流密度為1 A g~(-1)時,比電容可達(dá)546.5 F g~(-1),經(jīng)過10000次恒流充放電后比電容還能夠保持初始值96%;而空心四葉草形Microframes-Co3S4在電流密度為1 A g~(-1),比電容可達(dá)497.0 F g~(-1),經(jīng)過10000次恒流充放電后比電容還能夠保持初始值94%,結(jié)果表明合成的空心Co3S4具有良好的穩(wěn)定性。三、室溫下,通過改變反應(yīng)溶劑、反應(yīng)物甲酸及甲胺的滴加順序,構(gòu)建了三種不同形貌的CoNi-MFF前驅(qū)體[CH_3NH_3][NiCo2(HCOO)3];再經(jīng)過離子交換反應(yīng)制備出了空心立方體、空心橢球形、花球形的NiCo2S4。將合成的不同形貌的NiCo2S4進行電化學(xué)性能研究,花球形Microflower-Ni Co2S4表現(xiàn)出最高的比電容(在電流密度為1 A g~(-1)時,比電容可達(dá)1229 F g~(-1))和良好的穩(wěn)定性(在電流密度為5 A g~(-1)下,循環(huán)5000圈能夠保持初始值85%)。將花球形Microflower-NiCo2S4與碳纖維構(gòu)建成非對稱電容器,在功率密度為400 W kg~(-1)時,能量密度可達(dá)37.2Wh kg~(-1)。
[Abstract]:The super capacitor is a kind of environmental protection, economy of energy storage device with high power density, stable performance, short charging time, the characteristics of the environmental impact of small, has been widely applied to military, transportation, aerospace and other fields. The main factors affecting the performance of the super capacitor is the composition and structure of electrode materials, electrode materials and so on high performance is the hotspot. In many of the energy storage material, metal sulfide hollow structure has advantages of environmental friendly, high capacity and low cost, is an ideal material for energy storage. And one of the metal organic framework compound (MOFs) has a simple synthesis, easy to control the morphology, easy to get cheap raw materials other characteristics, is considered to be the precursor synthesis of hollow, porous materials ideal. Therefore, this paper is devoted to formic acid with metal organic framework (MFFs) as the precursor was prepared by the reaction of hollow metal sulfide by ion exchange and research The capacitance characteristics, the specific contents are as follows: a nickel formate framework compound Ni-MFF[CH_3NH_3][Ni (HCOO) 3] as precursor, through an ion exchange reaction, the hierarchical structure of hollow cubic NiS were prepared, and explore the formation mechanism of the graded hollow structure. The results show that the performance of the super capacitor when the current density is 1 A g~ (-1), the hierarchical structure of hollow NiS than the capacitance of 874.5 F g~ (-1), at a current density of 4 A g~ (-1), after 3000 cycles the specific capacitance can also maintain the initial value of the 90.2%. and NiS coal based carbon fiber assembly into asymmetric capacitor in power density 387.5 W kg~ (-1), the energy density can reach 34.9 Wh kg~ (-1). When the two asymmetric capacitor type button can be used as a power source, 1 Blue 0.5 W LED 30 min light bulb, can also put two red and one yellow LED lights 10 min. two, room temperature,. After adjusting the reactant acid, dimethylamine ratio of two different morphologies of Co-MFF precursor [CH_3NH_3][Co was prepared by using 3]. (HCOO) material morphology inheritance, the precursor of Co-MFF with different morphologies into hollow structure of Co3S4. capacitor performance evaluation of two different morphologies of hollow structure of Co3S4 the results show that the ion water heat under the condition of exchange method: hollow cube Cube-Co3S4 at a current density of 1 A g~ (-1), the specific capacitance can reach 546.5 F g~ (-1), after 10000 charge discharge specificcapacitance can also maintain the initial value of 96%; and the hollow clover shaped Microframes-Co3S4 at a current density of 1 A g~ (-1 the specific capacitance is 497 F), g~ (-1), after 10000 charge discharge specificcapacitance can also maintain the initial value of 94%. The results show that the hollow Co3S4 synthesis has good stability. Three, at room temperature, by changing the reaction solvent, reaction of formic acid And methylamine dropping sequence, construct three different morphology of CoNi-MFF precursor [CH_3NH_3][NiCo2 (HCOO) 3]; after the ion exchange reaction was prepared by hollow cube, hollow ellipsoid shaped head NiCo2S4. will synthesis different morphologies of NiCo2S4 on electrochemical properties of spherical Microflower-Ni flower Co2S4 exhibited the highest ratio the capacitor (at a current density of 1 A g~ (-1), the specific capacitance can reach 1229 F g~ (-1)) and stability (at a current density of 5 A g~ (-1), 5000 cycles can keep the initial value of 85%). The ball shaped Microflower-NiCo2S4 and carbon fiber construction into asymmetric capacitor in, the power density is 400 W kg~ (-1), the energy density of up to 37.2Wh kg~ (-1).

【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O627;TM53

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本文編號：1378688