【摘要】：隨著我國基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的快速發(fā)展,交通工程中嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)隧道數(shù)量日益增多,寒區(qū)隧道病害也日漸突出,已成為工程界所關(guān)注的又一難點問題。近20年來,各國學(xué)者雖然對寒區(qū)隧道溫度場分布規(guī)律及凍害防治技術(shù)等進行了較為系統(tǒng)的研究,也提出了很多具有實用價值的理論與方法,為寒區(qū)隧道抗防凍設(shè)計與施工提供了依據(jù)。但由于隧道所處地理位置、工程地質(zhì)條件、復(fù)雜環(huán)境以及施工技術(shù)水平的影響,仍然存在很多問題值得進一步研究。因此,本文以高緯度嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)后安山隧道為研究背景,選取試驗段,采用文獻查閱、現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測、數(shù)值模擬、現(xiàn)場實踐總結(jié)等手段,從寒區(qū)隧道溫度場分布規(guī)律、隧道防排水凍害防治技術(shù)、初期支護凍害預(yù)防和治理等三個方面開展系統(tǒng)研究,取得了以下主要研究成果和結(jié)論:(1)通過對后安山隧道典型斷面布設(shè)溫度計,掌握了施工過程中和隧道貫通后圍巖溫度場和隧道縱向溫度場分布規(guī)律,為避免凍害提供了理論指導(dǎo)。測試結(jié)果表明,保溫板兩側(cè)溫度相差最大9.21℃,可以起到很好的保溫效果,在距洞門200 m范圍內(nèi)鋪設(shè)5 cm厚的保溫板仍有可能產(chǎn)生凍害。以后安山隧道為研究依托,采用ABAQUS有限元建立計算模型,討論了隧道貫通前后保溫層厚度對溫度場的影響和保溫設(shè)防段長度。通過數(shù)值模擬得出隧道貫通后的保溫設(shè)防段長度為720~830 m。(2)為了得出中心深埋水溝的防排水效果,從中心深埋水溝路基出口開始布設(shè)懸掛式溫度濕度計,共計布設(shè)8點,布置于側(cè)壁。經(jīng)過一年多的測試,得出中心水溝內(nèi)溫度場分布規(guī)律。并借助于有限元軟件ABAQUS,研究了水溝埋深與凍結(jié)深度的關(guān)系,研究結(jié)果表明,設(shè)計中水溝埋深軌下3.7 m,除了出口位置,完全可以防止發(fā)生凍結(jié)現(xiàn)象。(3)針對初期支護容易損傷劣化的現(xiàn)象,以后安山隧道為背景,首先分析了初期支護的破壞機理,然后對季節(jié)性凍土隧道的溫度場進行調(diào)查分析的基礎(chǔ)上說明了對支護采取防凍措施的必要性,重點對后安山隧道在洞門口采取防寒門的防凍效果進行了分析,結(jié)果表明設(shè)置防寒門后進洞50 m溫度就轉(zhuǎn)成正溫。最后從采用耐低溫噴射混凝土技術(shù)、設(shè)置防寒保溫門和空氣幕、圍巖注漿堵水、火爐加熱和電加熱法四個方面對初期支護的防護措施進行了總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of infrastructure construction in our country, the number of tunnels in severe cold areas in traffic engineering is increasing day by day, and the tunnel diseases in cold regions are becoming more and more prominent, which has become another difficult problem that the engineering circles pay attention to. In the past 20 years, scholars from all over the world have made a systematic study on the distribution of tunnel temperature field and freezing damage prevention techniques in cold regions, and have also put forward many theories and methods with practical value. It provides the basis for the design and construction of anti-freezing tunnel in cold area. However, due to the influence of the location of the tunnel, the engineering geological conditions, the complex environment and the level of construction technology, there are still many problems worthy of further study. Therefore, based on the research background of Houanshan Tunnel in high latitude and severe cold area, this paper selects the experimental section, adopts the methods of literature reference, field monitoring, numerical simulation, field practice summary, and so on, from the distribution law of tunnel temperature field in cold region. In this paper, three aspects of prevention and control technology of tunnel anti-drainage and freezing damage, prevention and treatment of initial support freezing damage are carried out. The main research results and conclusions are as follows: (1) through setting up thermometers on typical sections of Houanshan Tunnel, The distribution law of surrounding rock temperature field and tunnel longitudinal temperature field in the construction process and after the tunnel is through is grasped, which provides theoretical guidance for avoiding freezing damage. The test results show that the maximum temperature difference on both sides of the insulation board is 9.21 鈩，

本文編號：2420109