【摘要】：隨著世界經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化進(jìn)程的快速推進(jìn),集裝箱運(yùn)輸在國(guó)內(nèi)外經(jīng)濟(jì)和貿(mào)易往來(lái)中發(fā)揮著越來(lái)越重要的作用。近年來(lái),港口集裝箱吞吐量快速增長(zhǎng)和集裝箱船也不斷向大型化發(fā)展,部分港區(qū)已經(jīng)開始出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的擁堵問(wèn)題,閘口經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)集卡排隊(duì)的情況,嚴(yán)重制約了港區(qū)作業(yè)和集疏運(yùn)效率。特別是集卡到港的不均衡性,使得港區(qū)閘口通過(guò)能力不能完全發(fā)揮,也是導(dǎo)致港區(qū)閘口排隊(duì)現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重的重要原因之一。本文通過(guò)分析集裝箱港區(qū)作業(yè)特點(diǎn)、船舶到港規(guī)律及集卡到港規(guī)律,提出將免費(fèi)堆存期細(xì)化成若干時(shí)間段和適當(dāng)延長(zhǎng)堆存期的優(yōu)化策略,以調(diào)整港外集卡的到達(dá)時(shí)刻,實(shí)現(xiàn)不同時(shí)段集卡到港數(shù)量的相對(duì)均衡,進(jìn)而緩解閘口處的集卡排隊(duì)的情況,提升港區(qū)閘口服務(wù)水平。在充分考慮船舶和集卡到港的不均衡和隨機(jī)性的基礎(chǔ)上,本文構(gòu)建集裝箱港區(qū)集疏運(yùn)作業(yè)系統(tǒng)仿真模型,并將本文所提出的堆存期優(yōu)化策略作為方案集成到模型之中,仿真模擬不同堆存期策略對(duì)港區(qū)閘口服務(wù)水平的影響。以北方某港區(qū)實(shí)際運(yùn)營(yíng)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)模型進(jìn)行校驗(yàn),并將本文所提出的閘口服務(wù)水平優(yōu)化方法應(yīng)用于該港區(qū),仿真模擬多種組合堆存策略,并對(duì)閘口排隊(duì)系統(tǒng)相關(guān)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明堆存期分段越細(xì),閘口的服務(wù)水平越高,且對(duì)出口箱堆存期分段的效果稍好于對(duì)進(jìn)口箱分段策略,同時(shí)堆存期越長(zhǎng),閘口的服務(wù)水平也越高,且延長(zhǎng)出口箱堆存期的效果稍優(yōu)于延長(zhǎng)進(jìn)口箱堆存期。本文所提出的基于堆存策略的優(yōu)化方法可有效均衡集卡的到港,減少集卡的集中到達(dá),進(jìn)而提升閘口的服務(wù)水平,對(duì)于港區(qū)實(shí)際運(yùn)營(yíng)和管理具有參考意義,港區(qū)可結(jié)合自身運(yùn)營(yíng)情況和各類可用資源現(xiàn)狀選擇合適的堆存策略。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of world economic integration, container transportation plays a more and more important role in domestic and foreign economy and trade. In recent years, the port container throughput has increased rapidly and container ships have been developing to a large scale. Some port areas have already started to have serious congestion problems. Seriously restricted the port area operation and the collection and distribution efficiency. Especially, the imbalance of collecting card to the port makes the passing capacity of the gate in the port can not be brought into full play, and it is also one of the important reasons for the serious queue phenomenon of the gate in the port area. Based on the analysis of the operation characteristics of container port area, the law of ship arrival and the law of collecting card to port, this paper puts forward the optimization strategy of refining the free storage period into several time periods and prolonging the storage period appropriately, in order to adjust the arrival time of the card outside the port. To realize the relative equilibrium of the number of card arrivals in different periods of time, and then to alleviate the situation of card collection queue at the gate, and to improve the service level of the gate in the port area. On the basis of considering the unbalance and randomness of ship and container port, this paper constructs the simulation model of container port area gathering and distributing operation system, and integrates the storage period optimization strategy proposed in this paper into the model. Simulation of different storage period strategy on the port gate service level. Based on the actual operation data of a port area in the north of China, the model is verified, and the optimization method of gate service level proposed in this paper is applied to the port area to simulate various combined stacking strategies, and to analyze the relevant indexes of gate queuing system. The results show that the finer the storage period, the higher the service level of the gate, and the better the effect of the segmentation on the storage period of the export box is, and the longer the storage period is, the higher the service level of the gate is. And the effect of prolonging the storage period of export box is slightly better than that of prolonging the storage period of import box. The proposed optimization method based on storage strategy can effectively balance the arrival of the card, reduce the centralized arrival of the card, and then improve the service level of the gate, which is of reference significance for the actual operation and management of the port area. The port area can choose appropriate stacking strategy according to its own operation and the current situation of all kinds of available resources.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U691.3

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本文編號(hào)：2359975