本文選題：新型非機(jī)動(dòng)車流 + 交通特性��； 參考：《石家莊鐵道大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：非機(jī)動(dòng)車交通一直是我國(guó)城市交通系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,近年來(lái)電動(dòng)自行車的飛速發(fā)展,改變了原來(lái)以自行車為主體的非機(jī)動(dòng)車交通體系,形成了電動(dòng)自行車和自行車混合行駛的新型非機(jī)動(dòng)車流。各地的非機(jī)動(dòng)車流情況不盡相同,本文所研究的新型非機(jī)動(dòng)車流是指電動(dòng)自行車和自行車相混合的非機(jī)動(dòng)車流。該交通流有快慢交通個(gè)體深度混合運(yùn)行并相互影響的特點(diǎn),然而新型非機(jī)動(dòng)車流微觀運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)理目前尚未得到充分重視和系統(tǒng)研究,以對(duì)比分析電動(dòng)自行車和自行車的交通特性為切入點(diǎn),在簡(jiǎn)單制定了非機(jī)動(dòng)車運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)劃分準(zhǔn)則的前提下,建立非機(jī)動(dòng)車流的微觀運(yùn)動(dòng)模型,具體包括跟馳模型和間隙插空模型,以期達(dá)到更加真實(shí)貼切的描述新型非機(jī)動(dòng)車運(yùn)行規(guī)律的目的。并運(yùn)用面向?qū)ο蟮姆椒?對(duì)所建立的跟馳和間隙插空模型進(jìn)行仿真編程,對(duì)模型的真實(shí)可行性進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證�？偨Y(jié)分析了非機(jī)動(dòng)車的特性,具體包含基礎(chǔ)特性、非機(jī)動(dòng)車微觀行為特性以及交通流特性。參照機(jī)動(dòng)車并結(jié)合非機(jī)動(dòng)車的特點(diǎn),簡(jiǎn)單制定了非機(jī)動(dòng)車自由行使?fàn)顟B(tài)與相互影響狀態(tài)、跟馳狀態(tài)與間隙插空狀態(tài)判斷準(zhǔn)則以及對(duì)跟馳狀態(tài)進(jìn)行了分類。建立了無(wú)車道劃分概念的新型非機(jī)動(dòng)車跟馳模型。以機(jī)動(dòng)車的非線性跟馳模型為基礎(chǔ),充分考慮快慢交通個(gè)體深度混合運(yùn)行的具體情況,以及高速個(gè)體在跟馳過(guò)程中總是追求其運(yùn)行速度接近其期望速度,且無(wú)車道限制的具體情況,構(gòu)建了包含雙車跟馳、偏轉(zhuǎn)跟馳和普通跟馳的非機(jī)動(dòng)車跟馳模型。利用視頻處理軟件獲取大量車輛跟馳運(yùn)行軌跡微觀數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)模型進(jìn)行了標(biāo)定,并驗(yàn)證了模型的正確性。建立了基于效用選擇的非機(jī)動(dòng)車間隙插空運(yùn)動(dòng)模型。由于新型非機(jī)動(dòng)車流是高低速交通個(gè)體混合運(yùn)動(dòng),高速個(gè)體為接近其期望速度運(yùn)行,總是在不斷尋找更舒適自由的間隙,并向該間隙運(yùn)動(dòng)。本文認(rèn)為間隙插空是駕駛?cè)嗽诓煌g隙行駛狀態(tài)下滿意程度的選擇結(jié)果。通過(guò)利用Logit模型,建立了基于效用選擇的間隙插空模型。由于非機(jī)動(dòng)車運(yùn)行時(shí)無(wú)車道概念,因此將間隙距離目標(biāo)車的距離、間隙本身的特性作為效益函數(shù)變量。利用視頻處理軟件獲取大量車輛插空運(yùn)行軌跡微觀數(shù)據(jù),采用極大似然估計(jì)法對(duì)構(gòu)建的判斷性間隙插空模型進(jìn)行了標(biāo)定,分析相關(guān)參數(shù)值,驗(yàn)證了模型的可行性。并以跟馳模型和間隙插空模型作為核心子模型,編寫仿真程序,對(duì)模型的有效性進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,得到比較滿意的結(jié)果。本文基于電動(dòng)自行車大量混入非機(jī)動(dòng)車流,新型非機(jī)動(dòng)車流已經(jīng)成為快慢交通個(gè)體深度混合運(yùn)行的具體情況,對(duì)其特性進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的總結(jié)分析。并根據(jù)其交通特性,建立了分類詳細(xì)的跟馳模型和將間隙距離與間隙特性融為一體的間隙插空運(yùn)動(dòng)模型。這兩個(gè)模型與經(jīng)典模型相比,更能貼切反映新情況下的非機(jī)動(dòng)車運(yùn)行狀態(tài)。研究結(jié)果可為非機(jī)動(dòng)車的微觀仿真研究提供相關(guān)參考,也可為非機(jī)動(dòng)車交通設(shè)施優(yōu)化提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The traffic of non motor vehicles has been an important part of the urban transportation system in China. In recent years, the rapid development of electric bicycles has changed the non motor vehicle traffic system which was the main body of the bicycle, and formed a new non motor vehicle flow with the mixed driving of electric bicycles and bicycles. The non motor vehicle flow in all parts of the country is not the same, this article is not the same. The new non motor vehicle flow is a non motor flow which is mixed with electric bicycles and bicycles. The traffic flow has the characteristics of mixed operation and interaction of fast and slow traffic. However, the micro motion mechanism of the new non motor vehicle flow has not been fully paid attention to and the system has been studied so far as to compare and analyze the electric bicycles and self. The traffic characteristic of driving is the breakthrough point. On the premise of simple formulation of the criterion of non motor vehicle movement state, the micro motion model of the non motor vehicle flow is set up, including the following model and the gap space model, in order to achieve a more true and appropriate description of the new non motor vehicle running law. And the object oriented method is used. The real feasibility of the model is verified. The characteristics of the non motor vehicle are summarized and analyzed, including the basic characteristics, the characteristics of the non motor vehicle micro behavior and the traffic flow characteristics, and the non motor vehicle freedom is simply formulated with reference to the motor vehicle and the characteristics of the non motor vehicle. On the basis of the nonlinear following model of motor vehicle, a new non motor vehicle following model is established, which takes full consideration of the specific situation of the individual depth of the fast and slow traffic and the high speed of the vehicle. In the course of the fast speed, the speed individual always seeks the speed approaching its desired speed, and the no lane limit is specific. A non motor vehicle following model, including double car following, deflecting heel following and ordinary car following, is constructed. The micro data of a large number of vehicle following running tracks are obtained by video processing software, and the model is calibrated and tested. The validity of the model is proved. A non motor vehicle clearance motion model based on utility selection is established. Since the new non motor vehicle flow is a hybrid motion of high and low speed traffic, the high-speed individual is always looking for more comfortable and free space and moving to the gap. By using the Logit model, a gap interpolation model based on utility selection is established by using the utility selection model. The distance of the gap and the gap itself is regarded as the benefit function variable. Using the maximum likelihood estimation method to calibrate the determined gap interpolation model by maximum likelihood estimation, analyze the relevant parameters and verify the feasibility of the model, and use the following model and gap interpolation model as the core sub model to write the simulation program to verify the validity of the model and get the comparison. In this paper, based on a large number of non motor vehicles mixed with electric bicycles, the new non motor vehicle flow has become a concrete case of the individual depth mixed operation of fast and slow traffic. The characteristics are systematically summarized and analyzed. According to the traffic characteristics, a detailed classification model is established and the gap distance and the gap characteristics are fused into the characteristics. The two models are more suitable to reflect the non motor vehicle running state in the new situation. The results can provide some reference for the study of the micro simulation of non motor vehicles, and also provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of non motor vehicle facilities.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：石家莊鐵道大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491.225

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