工業(yè)發(fā)展帶來的全球能源危機(jī)是21世紀(jì)的主要問題之一。能源生產(chǎn)通常伴隨著巨大的環(huán)境問題,這促使研究人員關(guān)注廉價(jià)、清潔和可再生能源以促進(jìn)社會(huì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。在多種可再生能源中,太陽能環(huán)保、豐富且容易取得。相對(duì)于裂變?nèi)剂?太陽能具有加工簡(jiǎn)單,成本低和商業(yè)化規(guī)模大的潛在優(yōu)勢(shì)。與光電轉(zhuǎn)換相比,光熱轉(zhuǎn)換的主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)是利用了整個(gè)太陽光譜能量并具有更高的能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率。太陽能選擇性吸收涂層是太陽能—熱能轉(zhuǎn)換系統(tǒng)的主要組成部分。高效太陽能選擇性吸收膜需要太陽光譜范圍內(nèi)的高吸收率和熱輻射范圍內(nèi)的低發(fā)射率,也被稱為“理想太陽能選擇性涂層”。研究人員一直在努力提高材料性能,使用不同的結(jié)構(gòu)改性和復(fù)合材料來開發(fā)理想的選擇性涂層。目前最廣泛使用的太陽能選擇性吸收膜是納米陶瓷復(fù)合材料。雖然它在光譜選擇性,薄膜結(jié)構(gòu)和基材附著力方面表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的性能,但是無法滿足高溫太陽能熱應(yīng)用的需求。因此我們引入了基于碳—金屬氧化物的新型復(fù)合材料來改善它的高溫穩(wěn)定性。這種新型復(fù)合材料在熱穩(wěn)定性和化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性方面有很大提升,且高溫老化性能優(yōu)異。制備方法也是非常重要的因素。目前吸收膜的主要制備方法是磁控濺射,但這種方法制備工藝復(fù)雜、成本高,因此需要...

【文章頁數(shù)】：101 頁

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
Acknowledgement
摘要
Abstract
1 Introduction
    1.1 Background
    1.2 Solar-thermal energy conversion
    1.3 Solar and thermal radiation
        1.3.1 Thermal radiation
        1.3.2 Solar spectrum
    1.4 Characterization of an ideal solar selective coatings
    1.5 Different design of solar selective absorber coatings
        1.5.1 Intrinsic materials coating
        1.5.2 Surface modification or Texture surface
        1.5.3 Multilayer SSA coatings
        1.5.4 Metal-Dielectric composite
    1.6 Fabrication techniques of absorber thin films
        1.6.1 Physical vapor deposition:
        1.6.2 Chemical vapor deposition
        1.6.3 Pulse laser deposition
        1.6.4 Sol-gel method
    1.7 Literature review of solar energy absorption films
    1.8 Research status and development
    1.9 Motivation
2 Experimental Method and Techniques
    2.1 Thin film preparation
    2.2 Experimental techniques
        2.2.1 X-Ray diffraction
        2.2.2 Scanning electron microscopy
        2.2.3 Transmission electron microscopy
        2.2.4 X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy
        2.2.5 Raman spectroscopy
        2.2.6 Thermal analysis
        2.2.7 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
        2.2.8 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
        2.2.9 Spectroscopic ellipsometry
        2.2.10 Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy
3 Marangoni Effect Induces Macro-Porous Films for Solar Selective Absorber
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Marangoni effect
    3.3 Experimental procedure
    3.4 Results and discussion
    3.5 Conclusion
4 Annealing Effect upon the Structural and Solar Selective Properties of C/Ni/NiO Composite Coatings
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Experimental work
    4.3 Results and Discussion
    4.4 Conclusion
5 Structural and Optical Properties of Macro-porous Ag@TiO₂ thin filmsprepared by facile one step Sol-Gel Method
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Experiment
        5.2.1 Material
        5.2.2 Preparation of macro-porous Ag@TiO2

    5.3 Results and discussion
    5.4 Conclusion
6 Conclusion
    6.1 Marangoni effect induced macro porous surface films prepared through a facilesol-gel route
    6.2 The Annealing effect upon the structural and solar selective properties of C/Ni/NiO composite coatings
    6.3 Structural and optical properties of macro-porous Ag@TiO₂ thin films
References
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