【摘要】：制備優(yōu)良力學(xué)性能的聚合物/纖維復(fù)合材料是近年來國內(nèi)外高分子領(lǐng)域研究的熱點之一,許多學(xué)者重點研究纖維的表面改性、基體的改性,以期獲得有效的界面粘結(jié)性,而目前針對纖維的分散性、團(tuán)聚現(xiàn)象,以及通過纖維混雜方法從而提高復(fù)合材料性能的相關(guān)研究報道較少。基于此,本文以聚丙烯(PP)、玻璃纖維(GF)及PET纖維為研究對象,從以下兩個方面進(jìn)行研究:首先,針對熔融擠出制備玻璃纖維增強(qiáng)聚丙烯復(fù)合材料過程易造成纖維團(tuán)聚,導(dǎo)致纖維分散性差的問題,本文將玻璃纖維的分散過程和界面粘結(jié)過程單獨分開來完成,制得具有優(yōu)越分散性的玻璃纖維(NGF),并與傳統(tǒng)玻璃纖維(LGF)做對比,分別制備了LGF、NGF增強(qiáng)聚丙烯(PP)復(fù)合材料進(jìn),探討了纖維團(tuán)聚現(xiàn)象對PP結(jié)構(gòu)與性能的影響。其次,選取PET纖維和GF進(jìn)行混雜,與PP熔融共混制備出PP/PET纖維/GF復(fù)合材料,并將其分別在230?C和265?C下注塑制得標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試樣。探討了注射成型溫度,及PET纖維和GF混雜體系對PP結(jié)構(gòu)與性能的影響。實驗結(jié)果表明:(1)SEM分析發(fā)現(xiàn),NGF在基體樹脂中呈單根地均勻分散,而LGF在基體樹脂中明顯觀察到大量的纖維團(tuán)聚現(xiàn)象。表明,NGF制備成功。(2)DSC和WAXD分析表明,相比LGF,NGF增強(qiáng)PP復(fù)合材料熔融峰更寬、結(jié)晶度更高。力學(xué)性能測試表明,在玻璃纖維含量低,且界面粘結(jié)性較差時,玻璃纖維的團(tuán)聚在承載外力的作用上可能更有利。然而,當(dāng)界面粘結(jié)性提高后,玻璃纖維團(tuán)聚成為不利因素,呈單根均勻分散的玻璃纖維能更好地發(fā)揮增強(qiáng)作用。(3)注射成型溫度直接影響最終材料中PET相的分散形態(tài)。在230?C下注射成型時,PET纖維沒有發(fā)生熔融,其分散態(tài)仍為纖維狀。而在265?C時.PET纖維發(fā)生熔融.其分散態(tài)為顆粒狀。(4)GF和PET纖維可以混雜增強(qiáng)PP。PET分散態(tài)為顆粒狀時,其與PP的界面粘結(jié)性更好。但混雜體系并不能誘導(dǎo)PP基體形成新的晶型,晶體結(jié)構(gòu)為穩(wěn)定的α晶。對比230?C及265?C注塑的試樣,前者表現(xiàn)出較高的熱穩(wěn)定性,而后者表現(xiàn)出更高的拉伸強(qiáng)度。
[Abstract]:The preparation of polymer / fiber composites with excellent mechanical properties is one of the hot spots in polymer field at home and abroad in recent years. Many scholars focus on the surface modification and matrix modification of fibers in order to obtain effective interfacial adhesion. However, there are few reports on the dispersion of fibers, the phenomenon of agglomeration, and the improvement of the properties of composites by fiber hybrid method. Based on this, in this paper, polypropylene (PP), glass fiber (GF) and PET fiber as the research object, from the following two aspects: firstly, the process of melt extrusion of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composites is easy to cause fiber agglomeration, In order to solve the problem of poor dispersion of fiber, the dispersion process of glass fiber and the bonding process of interface were separated separately, and the glass fiber (NGF), with superior dispersion was prepared and compared with the traditional glass fiber (LGF). LGF,NGF reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites were prepared respectively. The effect of fiber agglomeration on the structure and properties of PP was discussed. Secondly, the PET fiber / GF composite was prepared by melt blending of PP/PET fiber and GF, and the standard sample was prepared by injection of PP/PET fiber and GF under 230 C and 265 C, respectively. The effects of injection molding temperature and hybrid system of PET fiber and GF on the structure and properties of PP were discussed. The results showed that: (1) SEM analysis showed that NGF was uniformly dispersed in the matrix resin, while a large number of fiber agglomerations were observed in the LGF matrix resin. The results show that the preparation of NGF is successful. (2) DSC and WAXD analysis show that the melting peak is wider and the crystallinity is higher than that of LGF,NGF reinforced PP composites. The mechanical properties test shows that when the content of glass fiber is low and the interfacial adhesion is poor, the agglomeration of glass fiber may be more favorable to the loading of external force. However, when the interfacial adhesion is improved, the glass fiber aggregation becomes an unfavorable factor, and the single uniformly dispersed glass fiber can play a better role in strengthening. (3) the injection molding temperature directly affects the dispersion morphology of PET phase in the final material. During injection molding at 230 C, the PET fiber did not melt and its dispersed state was still fibrous. However, PET fibers melt at 265 C. The dispersed state is granular. (4) the interfacial adhesion between GF and PET fiber is better when the dispersed state of PP.PET is granular. (4) when the dispersion state of PP.PET fiber is granular, the interfacial adhesion between the fiber and PP is better. However, the hybrid system could not induce the formation of a new crystal form in PP matrix, and the crystal structure was a stable 偽 crystal. Compared with 230 C and 265 C, the former shows higher thermal stability, while the latter shows higher tensile strength.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB332

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本文編號：2461989