發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-03 18:18

【摘要】：隨著城市化進(jìn)程不斷的推進(jìn),當(dāng)今全球能源危機(jī)已日益突出,我國(guó)能源供求關(guān)系尤為緊張,而且建筑能耗更是占全國(guó)總能耗的25%以上,同時(shí)目前已建建筑物中高能耗建筑占總建筑物數(shù)量的95%以上。因此節(jié)能減排、低碳經(jīng)濟(jì),保護(hù)環(huán)境,已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今世界發(fā)展的主旋律,而社會(huì)對(duì)建筑的節(jié)能環(huán)保方面提出更高的要求,節(jié)能建筑材料的開(kāi)發(fā)受到廣泛的關(guān)注。相變儲(chǔ)能材料是通過(guò)其物相之間不斷轉(zhuǎn)換,而吸收或釋放熱量來(lái)達(dá)到控溫效果。將相變材料摻入傳統(tǒng)的水泥砂漿混凝土中制備新型高效節(jié)能建筑墻體材料,對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和環(huán)境效益會(huì)有顯著的提高,因此具有很高的研究?jī)r(jià)值。本文選用優(yōu)質(zhì)多孔載體材料膨脹珍珠巖(EP)與相變儲(chǔ)能材料月桂酸(LA)、石蠟通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的物理熔化法進(jìn)行熔融復(fù)合,制備出2種定型復(fù)合相變儲(chǔ)能材料(SSPCM),為PCM與保溫材料及墻體材料的相容性問(wèn)題的解決提供了新的方法。對(duì)制備好的兩種定型復(fù)合相變儲(chǔ)能材料做一系列試驗(yàn)對(duì)其性能進(jìn)行研究,掌握相變型保溫墻體材料的控溫性能的演化規(guī)律,闡明相變型保溫墻體材料組成、結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)其性能的影響機(jī)制,為相變材料在建筑節(jié)能中的應(yīng)用提供新的途徑和方法。通過(guò)容留量試驗(yàn)確定相變材料的最佳浸漬時(shí)間設(shè)置是1h,最適宜的浸漬溫度是70℃。從吸水率試驗(yàn)可知兩種相變儲(chǔ)能材料在與膨脹珍珠巖復(fù)合的過(guò)程中,會(huì)對(duì)膨脹珍珠巖的吸水率產(chǎn)生正面影響,能有效的降低基體材料的吸水率,月桂酸-膨脹珍珠巖復(fù)合相變材料的降低基體材料的吸水率能力低于石蠟-膨脹珍珠巖復(fù)合相變材料。從耐久性測(cè)試結(jié)果表明兩種復(fù)合相變儲(chǔ)能材料性能都比較穩(wěn)定,而石蠟-膨脹珍珠巖復(fù)合相變儲(chǔ)能材料比月桂酸-膨脹珍珠巖復(fù)合相變儲(chǔ)能材料耐久性好,從步冷曲線中看出二者基本無(wú)過(guò)冷現(xiàn)象。同時(shí)通過(guò)DSC曲線測(cè)試了兩種復(fù)合相變墻體材料的相變溫度與相變潛熱,建議其應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐的范圍。將兩種定型復(fù)合相變儲(chǔ)能材料添加進(jìn)墻體,進(jìn)行性能測(cè)試。通過(guò)體積膨脹率試驗(yàn)可知隨著相變材料含量的增加,兩種墻體的體積膨脹率都逐漸增大。控溫能力測(cè)試結(jié)果表明隨著定型復(fù)合相變儲(chǔ)能材料的添加量的逐步增多,調(diào)溫能力隨之提高,且月桂酸復(fù)合相變儲(chǔ)能材料的相變潛熱大于石蠟復(fù)合相變儲(chǔ)能材料。結(jié)合力學(xué)試驗(yàn)可知相變儲(chǔ)能墻體材料的水泥試件隨復(fù)合相變的摻量的增加而強(qiáng)度減小,因此在墻體材料中應(yīng)該添加合適的月桂酸-膨脹珍珠巖復(fù)合相變儲(chǔ)能材料與石蠟-膨脹珍珠巖復(fù)合相變儲(chǔ)能材料。
[Abstract]:With the continuous progress of urbanization, the global energy crisis has become increasingly prominent, the relationship between energy supply and demand in China is especially tense, and the energy consumption of buildings accounts for more than 25% of the total energy consumption in the country. At the same time, high energy consumption buildings account for more than 95% of the total number of buildings. Therefore, energy saving and emission reduction, low carbon economy and environmental protection have become the main theme of the development of the world today, and the society put forward higher requirements for building energy saving and environmental protection, and the development of energy saving building materials has received extensive attention. The temperature control effect of phase change energy storage materials is achieved by the continuous transformation between phases and the absorption or release of heat. The preparation of new type of energy-saving building wall materials by blending phase change materials into the traditional cement mortar concrete will significantly improve the economic and environmental benefits, so it has a high research value. In this paper, the high-quality porous carrier material, expanded perlite (EP), and the phase change energy storage material, (LA), paraffin, were used to melt and composite by a simple physical melting method, and two kinds of shaped composite phase change energy storage materials (SSPCM), were prepared. It provides a new method to solve the compatibility problem between PCM and insulation materials and wall materials. A series of tests were carried out to study the properties of two kinds of shaped composite phase change energy storage materials. The evolution rule of temperature control performance of phase change insulation wall materials was grasped, and the composition of phase change heat preservation wall materials was clarified. The influence mechanism of structure on its performance provides a new way and method for the application of phase change materials in building energy saving. The optimum impregnation time is 1 h and the optimum impregnation temperature is 70 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2453436