【摘要】：核殼型復合材料因可以通過改變核、殼的組分及配比對其整體性能進行修飾、改性,而在催化技術中得到廣泛的研究,其中以CdS為基材的核殼納米復合材料是近年來廣受關注的一類新型材料。但是CdS在光照下易發(fā)生“光腐蝕”,不僅造成Cd2+的水體污染,同時降低材料的催化活性。針對上述問題,論文欲建構具備中空、雙殼層結構的CdS@ZnS復合光催化劑。本論文首先采用乳液聚合法制備單分散的聚苯乙烯微球(PS),以醋酸鎘、硫代乙酰胺為前驅體,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)作為穩(wěn)定劑與分散劑,通過不同方法獲得PS@CdS核殼納米復合材料。在得到PS@CdS核殼納米復合材料后,制備PS@CdS@ZnS雙殼層納米復合材料,分別探討不同實驗方法、不同前驅體以及不同PVP用量對實驗的影響,得出最佳實驗條件。采用甲苯刻蝕、高溫煅燒的手段除去中心模板得到中空CdS納米材料及中空雙殼層CdS@ZnS納米復合材料。通過SEM、TEM、EDS、FT-IR、XRD和UV-vis等測試手段分析樣品的微觀形貌、元素組成、分子結構及吸光性能。結果表明:實驗制備的材料具有明顯的中空、雙殼層結構,粒徑可控,單分散性良好,機械強度較高,內殼層厚度為80~100 nm,外殼層厚度約為40 nm。最后,通過廢水模擬實驗表明,0.2 g·L-1的中空雙殼層CdS@ZnS復合光催化劑降解300 mL,10 mg·L-1的RhB溶液,光照160 min的降解率為99.7%。同時,該催化劑在五次循環(huán)利用后的降解率仍保持在98%左右,穩(wěn)定性較好,從而降低Cd2+的水體污染,表明在處理印染廢水中的巨大潛力。
[Abstract]:Core-shell composites have been extensively studied in catalytic technology because they can be modified and modified by changing the composition and proportion of core and shell. Core-shell nanocomposites based on CdS are a new kind of materials which have been paid more and more attention in recent years. However, CdS is prone to "photocorrosion" under light, which not only causes the water pollution of Cd2, but also decreases the catalytic activity of the material. In order to solve these problems, the CdS@ZnS composite photocatalyst with hollow and double shell structure was constructed in this paper. In this paper, monodisperse polystyrene microspheres (PS),) were prepared by emulsion polymerization method, using cadmium acetate, thioacetamide as precursor, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as stabilizer and dispersant, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as stabilizer and dispersant. PS@CdS core-shell nanocomposites were obtained by different methods. After the PS@CdS core-shell nanocomposites were obtained, the PS@CdS@ZnS double-shell nanocomposites were prepared. The effects of different experimental methods, different precursors and different PVP content on the experiment were discussed, and the optimum experimental conditions were obtained. Hollow CdS nano-materials and hollow double-shell CdS@ZnS nanocomposites were prepared by toluene etching and high temperature calcination. The microstructure, element composition, molecular structure and absorptivity of the samples were analyzed by SEM,TEM,EDS,FT-IR,XRD and UV-vis. The results show that the prepared materials have obvious hollow, double shell structure, controllable particle size, good monodispersity, high mechanical strength, and the thickness of the inner shell is about 40 nm. the thickness of the inner shell is 80 nm, and the thickness of the outer shell is about 40 nm.. Finally, the experimental results of wastewater simulation showed that the degradation rate of RhB solution was 99.7% with 0.2 g 路L ~ (- 1) hollow double shell CdS@ZnS composite photocatalyst for 300 mL,10 mg 路L ~ (- 1) RhB solution under illumination of 160 mol 路L ~ (- 1) and 0.2 g 路L ~ (- 1). At the same time, the degradation rate of the catalyst remains about 98% after five cycles of recycling, and the stability of the catalyst is good, thus reducing the water pollution of Cd2, indicating that the catalyst has great potential in the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater.
【學位授予單位】：中國石油大學(華東)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB383.1;O643.36

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