貴金屬納米粒子負載的電紡纖維制備及其性能研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-09 18:17
【摘要】：靜電紡絲技術(shù)是一種制備納米纖維的有效手段,其制備方法簡單,原材料廣泛,纖維形貌可控并且可以連續(xù)制備。為了拓展靜電紡絲纖維的應(yīng)用范圍,電紡纖維常與其他功能材料復(fù)合。貴金屬納米粒子是一種具有諸多獨特理化特性的功能材料,以貴金屬納米粒子復(fù)合的電紡纖維在SERS、催化、傳感等領(lǐng)域具有廣泛的應(yīng)用。如何通過簡單有效的方法制備貴金屬納米粒子負載的電紡復(fù)合纖維是目前存在的主要挑戰(zhàn)�；谠搯栴},我們以電紡聚丙烯酸(PAA)/聚乙烯醇(PVA)為基體材料,利用貴金屬納米粒子與纖維之間的相互作用,通過簡單的浸泡和混紡等方法將不同形貌的貴金屬納米粒子與電紡纖維復(fù)合。主要研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)果如下:(1)以表面帶正電的金納米粒子為表面增強拉曼光譜(Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,SERS)基底構(gòu)筑單元,利用金納米粒子與交聯(lián)處理后的聚丙烯酸(PAA)/聚乙烯醇(PVA)電紡纖維之間的靜電作用,通過浸泡的方法將金納米粒子組裝在電紡纖維的表面。所得的復(fù)合纖維具有優(yōu)異的SERS增強效果和SERS信號均勻性。通過基底上不同深度點的SERS性能檢測,證明了該復(fù)合纖維膜在深度方向上也表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的增強效果,說明金納米粒子負載的電紡纖維膜為優(yōu)異的3D SERS基底材料。(2)通過類似的簡單浸泡方法將各項異性的金納米棒負載在電紡PAA/PVA纖維的表面并探索了紡絲時間、浸泡時間以及金納米棒溶膠的濃度對復(fù)合纖維SERS性能的影響。結(jié)果表明,隨著紡絲時間和金納米棒溶膠濃度的增加,復(fù)合纖維的SERS增強效果逐漸增加;隨著浸泡時間的增加,復(fù)合纖維的SERS性能先增加后在12 h達到平衡。最終所得的復(fù)合纖維具有良好的SERS增強效果和優(yōu)異的均勻性,并且在放置45天之后仍具有優(yōu)異的增強效果。(3)另一種各項異性納米粒子——鈀納米立方體通過類似的方法被負載在電紡PAA/PVA纖維的表面并以4-硝基苯酚催化還原的反應(yīng)檢測了所得復(fù)合纖維的催化性能。最終結(jié)果表明,鈀納米立方體負載的PAA/PVA電紡復(fù)合纖維具有優(yōu)異的催化活性和重復(fù)性,能夠快速地催化4-硝基苯酚的還原,并且在6次的重復(fù)催化中4-硝基苯酚的轉(zhuǎn)化率均能達到97%以上。(4)通過先混紡后浸泡的方法制備了纖維內(nèi)部和表面都負載納米粒子的電紡PAA/PVA復(fù)合纖維。金納米粒子通過混紡的方法分散在電紡纖維PAA/PVA的內(nèi)部,隨后通過浸泡在不同的貴金屬納米粒子溶膠中,在靜電作用的驅(qū)動下將不同形貌的貴金屬納米粒子負載在纖維的表面,最終得到了纖維內(nèi)部和表面都負載貴金屬納米粒子的高納米粒子負載量的復(fù)合纖維。此外,對復(fù)合纖維的SERS和催化性能進行了檢測。結(jié)果表明,高負載量納米粒子復(fù)合纖維的SERS性能和催化性能比低負載量納米粒子的復(fù)合纖維更加優(yōu)異。
[Abstract]:Electrospinning is an effective method for the preparation of nanofibers. The preparation method is simple, the raw materials are wide, the morphology of the fibers is controllable and can be prepared continuously. In order to expand the application range of electrospun fibers, electrospun fibers are often combined with other functional materials. Precious metal nanoparticles are a kind of functional material with many unique physical and chemical properties. Electrospun fibers composed of precious metal nanoparticles have a wide range of applications in SERS, catalysis, sensing and other fields. How to prepare precious metal nanoparticles loaded electrospun composite fibers by a simple and effective method is the main challenge at present. Based on this problem, we used electrospun polyacrylic acid (PAA) / polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as matrix material, and made use of the interaction between precious metal nanoparticles and fiber. The precious metal nanoparticles with different morphologies were mixed with electrospun fibers by simple immersion and blending. The main contents and results are as follows: (1) the surface positively charged gold nanoparticles were used as the substrate building unit of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,SERS). Using the electrostatic interaction between gold nanoparticles and polyacrylic acid (PAA) / polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) electrospun fibers, gold nanoparticles were assembled on the surface of electrospun fibers by immersion. The obtained composite fibers have excellent SERS enhancement effect and SERS signal uniformity. By testing the SERS performance of different depth points on the substrate, it is proved that the composite fiber membrane also shows excellent enhancement effect in the depth direction. The results show that the gold nanoparticles loaded electrospun fiber films are excellent 3D SERS substrate materials. (2) the anisotropic gold nanorods were loaded on the surface of electrospun PAA/PVA fibers by a similar simple immersion method and the spinning time was explored. The effect of immersion time and the concentration of gold nanorods sol on the properties of composite fiber SERS. The results showed that with the increase of spinning time and sol concentration of gold nanorods, the SERS strengthening effect of the composite fibers increased gradually, and the SERS properties of the composite fibers increased first and then reached equilibrium at 12 h with the increase of immersion time. The resulting composite fiber has good SERS strengthening effect and excellent uniformity. And it still has excellent strengthening effect after 45 days. (3) another anisotropic nano-particle, palladium nano-cube, is loaded on the surface of electrospun PAA/PVA fiber by a similar method and treated with 4-nitrobenzene. The catalytic properties of the composite fibers were determined by phenol reduction reaction. The results show that the PAA/PVA electrospun composite fibers loaded with palladium nano-cubes have excellent catalytic activity and repeatability, and can catalyze the reduction of 4-nitrophenol rapidly. The conversion of 4-nitrophenol was over 97% in 6 times of repeated catalysis. (4) Electrospun PAA/PVA composite fibers loaded with nano-particles were prepared by blending and soaking. Gold nanoparticles are dispersed inside the electrospun fiber PAA/PVA by blending and then immersed in different sols of precious metal nanoparticles. The noble metal nanoparticles with different morphologies were loaded on the surface of the fibers under the action of static electricity. Finally, the composite fibers with high nano-particles loading on the inner and surface of the fibers were obtained. In addition, the SERS and catalytic properties of the composite fibers were tested. The results show that the SERS and catalytic properties of the composite fiber with high loading amount of nano-particles are better than those of the composite fiber with low loading amount of nano-particles.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB383.1;TQ340.64
本文編號：2437735
[Abstract]:Electrospinning is an effective method for the preparation of nanofibers. The preparation method is simple, the raw materials are wide, the morphology of the fibers is controllable and can be prepared continuously. In order to expand the application range of electrospun fibers, electrospun fibers are often combined with other functional materials. Precious metal nanoparticles are a kind of functional material with many unique physical and chemical properties. Electrospun fibers composed of precious metal nanoparticles have a wide range of applications in SERS, catalysis, sensing and other fields. How to prepare precious metal nanoparticles loaded electrospun composite fibers by a simple and effective method is the main challenge at present. Based on this problem, we used electrospun polyacrylic acid (PAA) / polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as matrix material, and made use of the interaction between precious metal nanoparticles and fiber. The precious metal nanoparticles with different morphologies were mixed with electrospun fibers by simple immersion and blending. The main contents and results are as follows: (1) the surface positively charged gold nanoparticles were used as the substrate building unit of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,SERS). Using the electrostatic interaction between gold nanoparticles and polyacrylic acid (PAA) / polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) electrospun fibers, gold nanoparticles were assembled on the surface of electrospun fibers by immersion. The obtained composite fibers have excellent SERS enhancement effect and SERS signal uniformity. By testing the SERS performance of different depth points on the substrate, it is proved that the composite fiber membrane also shows excellent enhancement effect in the depth direction. The results show that the gold nanoparticles loaded electrospun fiber films are excellent 3D SERS substrate materials. (2) the anisotropic gold nanorods were loaded on the surface of electrospun PAA/PVA fibers by a similar simple immersion method and the spinning time was explored. The effect of immersion time and the concentration of gold nanorods sol on the properties of composite fiber SERS. The results showed that with the increase of spinning time and sol concentration of gold nanorods, the SERS strengthening effect of the composite fibers increased gradually, and the SERS properties of the composite fibers increased first and then reached equilibrium at 12 h with the increase of immersion time. The resulting composite fiber has good SERS strengthening effect and excellent uniformity. And it still has excellent strengthening effect after 45 days. (3) another anisotropic nano-particle, palladium nano-cube, is loaded on the surface of electrospun PAA/PVA fiber by a similar method and treated with 4-nitrobenzene. The catalytic properties of the composite fibers were determined by phenol reduction reaction. The results show that the PAA/PVA electrospun composite fibers loaded with palladium nano-cubes have excellent catalytic activity and repeatability, and can catalyze the reduction of 4-nitrophenol rapidly. The conversion of 4-nitrophenol was over 97% in 6 times of repeated catalysis. (4) Electrospun PAA/PVA composite fibers loaded with nano-particles were prepared by blending and soaking. Gold nanoparticles are dispersed inside the electrospun fiber PAA/PVA by blending and then immersed in different sols of precious metal nanoparticles. The noble metal nanoparticles with different morphologies were loaded on the surface of the fibers under the action of static electricity. Finally, the composite fibers with high nano-particles loading on the inner and surface of the fibers were obtained. In addition, the SERS and catalytic properties of the composite fibers were tested. The results show that the SERS and catalytic properties of the composite fiber with high loading amount of nano-particles are better than those of the composite fiber with low loading amount of nano-particles.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB383.1;TQ340.64
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