【摘要】：針對目前摩擦材料的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢以及增強纖維存在的一些問題,本論文選用三種天然纖維作為摩擦材料的增強纖維,進行摩擦材料的制備、力學(xué)性能及摩擦磨損性能測試,并對磨損機理、摩擦材料制動過程進行熱應(yīng)力耦合分析。三種天然纖維的制備、改性處理及摩擦材料的制備。對于椰殼纖維及劍麻纖維均采用物理改性和化學(xué)脫膠相結(jié)合的方法,對于羊毛纖維采用堿洗及熱處理的方法;在基礎(chǔ)配方基礎(chǔ)上,椰殼纖維、劍麻纖維及羊毛纖維分別采用平直和加捻兩種形式,纖維含量分別為3wt.%、6wt.%及9wt.%,利用混料機及熱壓機等設(shè)備進行三種纖維增強摩擦材料的制備。三種天然纖維及無天然纖維增強摩擦材料力學(xué)性能測試結(jié)果及分析。對于硬度指標,試樣N的硬度值為63.7HRR,試樣Z3和Z6的硬度值偏小,即分別為18.46HRR和17.3HRR,其余試樣的硬度值均在60HRR以上;對于密度指標,試樣N的密度為2.214g/cm3,其余試樣的密度值均小于2.214g/cm3,可見,加入天然纖維可有效降低摩擦材料的密度,且同種纖維方式,加入的纖維含量越多,摩擦材料的密度越小;對于沖擊強度指標,試樣N的沖擊強度為1.21KJ/m2,加入椰殼纖維和劍麻纖維的摩擦材料的沖擊強度均大于未加入天然纖維的摩擦材料,而加入羊毛纖維的摩擦材料沖擊強度均小于未加入天然纖維的摩擦材料。三種天然纖維及無天然纖維增強摩擦材料摩擦磨損性能測試及磨損機理分析。分別分析了椰殼纖維、劍麻纖維及羊毛纖維的含量及溫度對摩擦因數(shù)及磨損率的影響規(guī)律,而且,兼顧摩擦因數(shù)、摩擦穩(wěn)定性及磨損率三個指標,采用模糊綜合評價法對摩擦磨損性能進行評價,并得出較優(yōu)配方,即X5、Y2和Z1,綜合評價值分別為0.814、0.923、0.909。對劍麻纖維(平直、6wt.%)增強摩擦材料磨損表面形貌分析表明,粘著磨損、疲勞磨損、磨粒磨損及熱磨損是其主要磨損形式。試樣X1、Y2、Z1、N磨損表面粗糙度的測量結(jié)果表明,粗糙度平均值和粗糙度極大值越大,試樣的磨損率就越大。摩擦過程中熱應(yīng)力耦合分析。在建立摩擦材料的導(dǎo)熱微分方程基礎(chǔ)上,運用有限元分析軟件ABAQUS6.14對劍麻纖維(平直、6wt.%)增強摩擦材料在摩擦過程中的熱應(yīng)力耦合進行幾何模擬,結(jié)果表明:摩擦材料在制動摩擦過程中會產(chǎn)生溫度場和應(yīng)力場,溫度場與應(yīng)力場相互影響,摩擦材料溫度高的部分應(yīng)力也大。
[Abstract]:In view of the present situation and development trend of friction materials and some problems existing in reinforced fibers, three kinds of natural fibers are selected as reinforcing fibers of friction materials in this paper, and the preparation, mechanical properties and friction and wear properties of friction materials are tested. The thermal stress coupling analysis of wear mechanism and braking process of friction material is carried out. Preparation of three kinds of natural fibers, modification and preparation of friction materials. For coconut shell fiber and sisal fiber, physical modification and chemical degumming were used, and alkali washing and heat treatment were used for wool fiber. On the basis of the basic formula, coconut shell fiber, sisal fiber and wool fiber are straight and twisted respectively. The fiber content is 3wt.%, 6wt.% and 9wt%, respectively. Three kinds of fiber reinforced friction materials were prepared by mixing machine and hot press. Test results and analysis of mechanical properties of three kinds of natural fiber and non-natural fiber reinforced friction materials. For hardness index, the hardness value of sample N is 63.7HRR, the hardness value of sample Z3 and Z6 is smaller, that is, 18.46HRR and 17.3HRR, respectively. The hardness values of other samples are above 60HRR. For the density index, the density of sample N is 2.214 g / cm ~ 3, and the density value of other samples is less than 2.214 g / cm ~ 3. It can be seen that adding natural fiber can effectively reduce the density of friction material, and the more the fiber content is, the more the fiber content is added in the same fiber mode. The smaller the density of friction material; For the impact strength index, the impact strength of sample N is 1.21 KJ / m _ 2. The impact strength of friction material with coconut shell fiber and sisal fiber is higher than that without natural fiber, and the impact strength of the friction material with coconut shell fiber and sisal fiber is higher than that without natural fiber. The impact strength of the friction material added wool fiber is lower than that of the friction material without natural fiber. Friction and wear properties test and wear mechanism analysis of three kinds of natural fiber and non-natural fiber reinforced friction materials. The effects of the content and temperature of coconut shell fiber, sisal fiber and wool fiber on friction coefficient and wear rate were analyzed, and three indexes, such as friction coefficient, friction stability and wear rate, were considered. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the friction and wear properties, and the optimum formula was obtained, that is, X5, Y2 and Z1. The comprehensive evaluation values were 0.814, 0.923 and 0.909, respectively. The wear surface morphology of sisal fiber (straight, 6wt.%) reinforced friction material shows that adhesion wear, fatigue wear, abrasive wear and thermal wear are the main wear forms. The measurement results of surface roughness of X _ 1, Y _ 2, Z _ 1 and N show that the greater the average roughness and the maximum roughness, the greater the wear rate of the specimen. Thermal stress coupling analysis in friction process. On the basis of establishing the differential equation of heat conduction of friction materials, the thermal stress coupling of sisal fiber (straight, 6wt.%) reinforced friction materials during friction is simulated by finite element analysis software ABAQUS6.14. The results show that the temperature field and stress field will occur in the process of braking friction, and the temperature field and stress field will interact with each other, and the partial stress of high temperature of friction material will also be large.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB39

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本文編號：2436688