【摘要】：本文針對具有中空結(jié)構(gòu)的微球在超疏水方面和抗菌方面實行了探討。利用超疏水能夠減少細菌粘附的功能,將其與納米銀相結(jié)合,制備出了比較好的抗菌劑。(1)使用濃硫酸作為磺化劑,通過改變濃硫酸的用量及反應時間,對磺化聚苯乙烯的磺化度及微球形貌進行了探討。結(jié)果表明,濃硫酸的量如果較少或者較多都無法得到形貌較好的磺化聚苯乙烯微球,只有使用適量才會得到形貌較好的磺化聚苯乙烯微球。但是對于磺化聚苯乙烯的磺化度來說,當濃硫酸的使用體積逐漸增加,磺化聚苯乙烯的磺化度會隨之提高。而反應時間于磺化聚苯乙烯的形貌也存在適當?shù)淖饔�。反應時間過短,會導致磺化聚苯乙烯團聚粘連。反應時間太長,將導致磺化聚苯乙烯變形。因此,經(jīng)過改變反應時間及濃硫酸的用量能夠獲得所需要的形貌較好的磺化了的聚苯乙烯粒子。(2)通過分步法合成了單分散性好,包覆均勻的聚苯乙烯／銀復合粒子。首先通過分散聚合的手段合成粒徑均一,單分散性好的聚苯乙烯粒子。然后對其表面改性使其表面帶有負電,加入一定量的硝酸銀,通過靜電吸附作用在改性的聚苯乙烯球的表面沉積銀離子,通過還原劑,把納米銀包覆在聚苯乙烯微球的外部。通過改變硝酸銀的量,從而獲得了不同形貌的聚苯乙烯／銀復合粒子,從而得出了硝酸銀的最佳加入量為0.32 g。(3)采用二氧化硅對聚苯乙烯／銀／二氧化硅復合粒子進行了包覆,并且證明了聚苯乙烯／銀／二氧化硅復合粒子內(nèi)部存在納米銀,從而使其擁有一定抗菌性,擁有優(yōu)秀的使用前景。(4)對聚苯乙烯／銀／二氧化硅復合粒子進行了超疏水的改性,從而使其同時具有抗菌性和超疏水性。由于超疏水表面能夠減少細菌的粘附,進一步增強了改性的聚苯乙烯／銀／二氧化硅復合粒子抗菌能力。從實驗結(jié)果來看,我們所制得的疏水改性的聚苯乙烯/銀／二氧化硅復合粒子具有很好的超疏水性能。(5)采用樣板劃線的方式對聚苯乙烯／二氧化硅復合粒子和疏水改性過的聚苯乙烯／二氧化硅復合粒子進行了細菌數(shù)目的測定。發(fā)現(xiàn)疏水改性過的聚苯乙烯／二氧化硅復合粒子比聚苯乙烯／二氧化硅復合粒子的抗菌性能要好。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the superhydrophobic and antibacterial aspects of hollow microspheres are discussed. Superhydrophobic can reduce the adhesion of bacteria and combine it with silver nanoparticles to prepare a better antibacterial agent. (1) using concentrated sulfuric acid as sulfonation agent, by changing the amount of concentrated sulfuric acid and reaction time, The sulfonation degree and microsphere morphology of sulfonated polystyrene were discussed. The results showed that the sulfonated polystyrene microspheres with good morphology could not be obtained if the amount of concentrated sulfuric acid was less or more, and the sulfonated polystyrene microspheres with good morphology could be obtained only when proper amount of sulfuric acid was used. However, for the sulfonation degree of sulfonated polystyrene, the sulfonation degree of sulfonated polystyrene will increase with the increase of the use volume of concentrated sulfuric acid. The reaction time also plays an appropriate role in the morphology of sulfonated polystyrene. Reaction time is too short, will lead to sulfonated polystyrene agglomeration adhesion. Reaction time is too long, will lead to sulfonated polystyrene deformation. Therefore, the sulfonated polystyrene particles with good morphology can be obtained by changing the reaction time and the amount of concentrated sulfuric acid. (2) the monodisperse polystyrene / silver composite particles with good monodispersity and uniform coating were synthesized by step-by-step method. Firstly, uniform and monodisperse polystyrene particles were synthesized by dispersion polymerization. Then the surface was modified to make the surface negatively charged, adding a certain amount of silver nitrate, depositing silver ions on the surface of the modified polystyrene sphere by electrostatic adsorption, and coating nano-silver on the outer surface of the polystyrene microspheres by reducing agent. Polystyrene / silver composite particles with different morphologies were obtained by changing the amount of silver nitrate. The optimum addition of silver nitrate was 0.32 g 路(3) the polystyrene / silver / silica composite particles were coated with silica. It has also been proved that nano-silver exists in polystyrene / silver / silica composite particles, so that it has certain antibacterial properties. (4) the polystyrene / silver / silica composite particles were superhydrophobic to make them have both antibacterial and hydrophobic properties at the same time. The antibacterial ability of the modified polystyrene / silver / silica composite particles was further enhanced because the superhydrophobic surface could reduce the bacterial adhesion. Judging from the results of the experiment, The hydrophobically modified polystyrene / silver / silica composite particles prepared by us have good superhydrophobic properties. (5) Polystyrene / silica composite particles and hydrophobic particles have been modified by template marking method. The number of bacteria in polystyrene / silica composite particles was determined. It was found that the hydrophobic modified polystyrene / silica composite particles had better antibacterial properties than polystyrene / silica composite particles.
【學位授予單位】：齊魯工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB34;O632.13

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