【摘要】：碳纖維增強復合材料具有出色的力學性能,在航空航天、軍事工業(yè)、汽車制造等領域均有廣泛的應用。然而由于碳纖維復合材料的各向異性,給其后續(xù)加工帶來了極大的困難。為了提高碳纖維增強復合材料的加工精度和加工效率,各種新的加工技術被不斷提出,超聲振動輔助切削技術就是其中的一種。超聲振動輔助切削由其振動軌跡的不同分為單向超聲振動輔助切削和超聲橢圓振動輔助切削,其中單向超聲振動輔助切削是在傳統(tǒng)切削加工的基礎上給刀具施加一個單一方向上的高頻振動,從而使刀具前刀面與工件未切削部分產(chǎn)生周期性的分離;而超聲橢圓振動輔助切削則是在單向超聲振動輔助切削的基礎上再在另一個方向上同樣施加一個高頻振動,從而使刀具沿橢圓軌跡振動,這時刀具在切削過程中前后刀面均可以與工件產(chǎn)生周期性的分離效果,進一步改善切削效果。本文利用Abaqus有限元分析軟件,分別建立了碳纖維增強復合材料的單向超聲振動輔助切削模型和超聲橢圓振動輔助切削模型,并對仿真結(jié)果進行分析,得到以下主要結(jié)論:(1)建立了碳纖維增強復合材料的超聲橢圓振動輔助切削模型,并將該模型分析結(jié)果與實驗測量結(jié)果進行對比驗證,發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者的誤差為15%,證明了模型的準確性和可靠性。(2)建立了不同振幅和頻率下的碳纖維增強復合材料的單向超聲振動輔助切削模型,發(fā)現(xiàn)提高振動頻率和振幅有利于減小材料的基體損傷,同時有效降低了切削力。(3)研究了振動參數(shù)對超聲橢圓振動輔助切削過程的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)刀具振動頻率和兩個方向上的振幅的增加,均能有效地減小切削力,改善碳纖維復合材料在切削過程中基體的破壞情況。(4)對單向超聲振動輔助切削和超聲橢圓振動輔助切削的仿真結(jié)果進行了對比發(fā)現(xiàn),超聲橢圓振動輔助切削能帶來更好的切削效果,對材料的損傷相對于單向超聲振動切削要小,并且能有效地降低切削力。
[Abstract]:Carbon fiber reinforced composites (CFRP) have excellent mechanical properties and are widely used in aerospace, military industry, automobile manufacturing and so on. However, due to the anisotropy of carbon fiber composites, it brings great difficulties to its subsequent processing. In order to improve the machining accuracy and efficiency of carbon fiber reinforced composites, a variety of new machining techniques have been proposed, among which ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting technology is one of them. Ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting is divided into unidirectional ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting and ultrasonic elliptical vibration assisted cutting. The unidirectional ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting is to apply a single direction of high frequency vibration to the cutting tool on the basis of the traditional cutting process, so that the tool front face is periodically separated from the uncut part of the workpiece. The ultrasonic elliptic vibration assisted cutting is based on the unidirectional ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting, and the same high frequency vibration is applied in the other direction, which makes the tool vibrate along the elliptical trajectory. In this case, the cutting face can be separated periodically from the workpiece in the cutting process, and the cutting effect can be further improved. In this paper, the unidirectional ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting model and the ultrasonic elliptical vibration assisted cutting model of carbon fiber reinforced composites are established by using Abaqus finite element analysis software, and the simulation results are analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the ultrasonic elliptic vibration assisted cutting model of carbon fiber reinforced composites is established, and the results of the model are compared with the experimental results. The results show that the error between the two models is 15. The accuracy and reliability of the model are proved. (2) the unidirectional ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting model of carbon fiber reinforced composites with different amplitudes and frequencies is established. It is found that increasing the vibration frequency and amplitude is conducive to reducing the matrix damage. At the same time, the cutting force is reduced effectively. (3) the influence of vibration parameters on ultrasonic elliptical vibration assisted cutting process is studied. It is found that the increase of tool vibration frequency and amplitude in both directions can effectively reduce the cutting force. (4) the simulation results of unidirectional ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting and ultrasonic elliptical vibration assisted cutting are compared. Ultrasonic elliptical vibration assisted cutting can bring better cutting effect, the damage to material is smaller than that of unidirectional ultrasonic vibration cutting, and the cutting force can be effectively reduced.
【學位授予單位】：南昌航空大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB33

【參考文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 徐倩;航空碳纖維復合材料切削研究[D];北方工業(yè)大學;2010年

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本文編號：2410391