發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-14 09:11

【摘要】：金屬氧化物納米材料以其特有的物理化學(xué)性質(zhì),在催化劑、氣敏材料、生物醫(yī)學(xué)材料和鋰離子電池等領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。金屬氧化物納米材料的結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌對(duì)其性能具有十分重要的影響。因此,采用切實(shí)可行的合成方法,通過(guò)深入探索其生長(zhǎng)機(jī)理,對(duì)于系統(tǒng)的研究納米結(jié)構(gòu)與性能的關(guān)系,最終實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)具有非常重要的意義。本文設(shè)計(jì)了一系列合成Ti O2、Ba Ti O3、Cr2O3及其石墨烯復(fù)合材料的新方法,并簡(jiǎn)單的討論了部分材料的反應(yīng)機(jī)理,重點(diǎn)檢測(cè)了它們的鋰離子電池性能。通過(guò)大量的調(diào)研和實(shí)驗(yàn),取得了一些有意義的成果。1.在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和三氟乙酸的協(xié)助下,利用水熱法一步合成出納米Ti O2空心球,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了各種表征。探索了水熱反應(yīng)時(shí)間對(duì)納米Ti O2空心球的結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌的影響,并利用Cr(NO3)3?9H2O成功合成了Cr摻雜的Ti O2核殼結(jié)構(gòu)材料,最后研究了納米Ti O2空心球及Cr摻雜的Ti O2核殼結(jié)構(gòu)材料的鋰離子電池性能。2.利用水熱體系,在PEG-200和氨水的協(xié)助下,連續(xù)、有效地合成出Ba Ti O3納米晶體,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌的表征。實(shí)驗(yàn)中探索了不同的鈦源、礦化劑、水熱時(shí)間以及循環(huán)次數(shù)對(duì)產(chǎn)物結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌的影響,最后提出了一種可實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)化大量生產(chǎn)納米Ba Ti O3的綠色合成方法。3.在草酸和PEG-400輔助下,采用溶劑熱法成功地合成出納米Cr2O3空心球。在溶劑熱體系中,我們認(rèn)為PEG-400可能對(duì)晶體的生長(zhǎng)有著一定的導(dǎo)向作用,并利用各種表征手段研究了前驅(qū)體在空氣與氮?dú)庵械撵褵a(chǎn)物的結(jié)構(gòu)、形貌、元素分布、熱性能以及拉曼光譜分析,提出了其可能的生長(zhǎng)機(jī)理。最后,采用改進(jìn)的Hummers方法制備了氧化石墨烯,進(jìn)而合成了石墨烯包覆的納米Cr2O3空心球并研究了其鋰離子電池性能。
[Abstract]:Metal oxide nanomaterials have been widely used in many fields such as catalysts, gas sensing materials, biomedical materials and lithium-ion batteries due to their unique physical and chemical properties. The structure and morphology of metal oxide nanomaterials have a very important effect on their properties. Therefore, it is of great significance for the systematic study of the relationship between nanostructures and properties and the realization of industrial production by using feasible synthesis methods and by further exploring the growth mechanism of the nanostructures. In this paper, a series of new methods for synthesizing Ti O 2 Ba Ti O 3 Cr 2O 3 and its graphene composites are designed. The reaction mechanism of some materials is briefly discussed, and their lithium-ion battery properties are emphatically examined. Through a large number of investigations and experiments, some meaningful results have been achieved. 1. Nanocrystalline Ti _ 2 hollow spheres were synthesized by hydrothermal method with the assistance of N-dimethylformamide and trifluoroacetic acid. The effect of hydrothermal reaction time on the structure and morphology of nanocrystalline Ti O2 hollow spheres was investigated. Cr doped Ti O2 core-shell materials were successfully synthesized by Cr (NO3) 3?9H2O. Finally, the performance of Ti O 2 hollow spheres and Ti O 2 core-shell materials doped with Cr were investigated. 2. Ba Ti O3 nanocrystals were synthesized by hydrothermal system with the assistance of PEG-200 and ammonia. The structure and morphology of the nanocrystals were characterized. The effects of different titanium sources, mineralizers, hydrothermal time and cycle times on the structure and morphology of the products were explored. Finally, a green synthesis method for the industrial production of nanometer Ba Ti O3 was proposed. Nanocrystalline Cr2O3 hollow spheres were successfully synthesized by solvothermal method assisted by oxalic acid and PEG-400. In the solvothermal system, we think that PEG-400 may have a certain guiding effect on crystal growth. The structure, morphology and element distribution of calcined products of precursor in air and nitrogen have been studied by various means of characterization. The thermal properties and Raman spectra were analyzed, and the possible growth mechanism was proposed. Finally, graphene oxide was prepared by modified Hummers method, and then the graphene coated nanocrystalline Cr2O3 hollow spheres were synthesized and the performance of lithium-ion batteries was studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB383.1

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本文編號(hào)：2408551