【摘要】：反對稱鋪設復合材料圓柱殼結構具有兩種不同穩(wěn)定狀態(tài),可以通過機械載荷、智能材料或者溫度場等外在驅動方式進行穩(wěn)態(tài)之間的轉變,因此被稱為雙穩(wěn)態(tài)復合材料結構(Bi-stable Composite Structure)。雙穩(wěn)態(tài)復合材料結構具有輕質、承載能力優(yōu)異以及可變形等特點,在航空航天的可變形機構和風力發(fā)動機葉片等諸多領域具有廣泛的應用前景。當雙穩(wěn)態(tài)復合材料結構處于各種復雜的、極端的工作環(huán)境時,溫度對結構的雙穩(wěn)態(tài)特性影響較大。目前,對于溫度影響下反對稱鋪設圓柱殼結構的研究較少,限制了其在實際應用中的發(fā)展。本文采用理論推導、實驗測試和有限元模擬等方法,研究了溫度對反對稱鋪設圓柱殼結構的雙穩(wěn)態(tài)特性影響機理,得到了環(huán)境溫度(整體溫度場)、局部溫度場以及溫度梯度影響下圓柱殼穩(wěn)態(tài)間相互轉變過程、突變載荷和變形情況,并利用溫度影響規(guī)律對結構變形進行了主動調控。最后,從宏觀、微觀角度對熱暴露下雙穩(wěn)態(tài)結構變形特性進行了討論和解釋。主要研究內容和成果如下:1.在經(jīng)典層合板理論的基礎上,利用最小勢能原理推導了溫度影響下的反對稱鋪設圓柱殼結構的雙穩(wěn)態(tài)理論模型。在理論上預測了包括整體溫度場和溫度梯度的變化對反對稱鋪設圓柱殼結構的曲率的影響規(guī)律,并討論了影響扭曲率變化的因素。2.采用實驗方法,利用經(jīng)改裝的帶有溫控箱的拉伸試驗機測試平臺和自主研發(fā)的數(shù)字圖像處理技術,得到溫度影響下的反對稱鋪設圓柱殼結構的雙穩(wěn)態(tài)特性的變化規(guī)律。研究表明:整體溫度場溫度的增加會導致圓柱殼各個曲率都發(fā)生相應的增加;第一穩(wěn)態(tài)轉變到第二穩(wěn)態(tài)的突變載荷不斷減小,第二穩(wěn)態(tài)回復到第一穩(wěn)態(tài)的突變載荷反而有所增加;當在圓柱殼局部區(qū)域加熱時,對結構的穩(wěn)態(tài)轉變過程以及曲率產(chǎn)生影響。3.通過有限元軟件模擬了整體溫度場、局部溫度場以及溫度梯度影響下反對稱鋪設圓柱殼結構的雙穩(wěn)態(tài)特性的變化情況,得到包括穩(wěn)態(tài)轉變過程的載荷—位移曲線以及兩個穩(wěn)態(tài)的曲率變化規(guī)律,計算結果與理論和實驗結果較符合。溫度梯度影響下的圓柱殼曲率變化特性的模擬結果表明:可以通過在圓柱殼上施加負方向的溫度梯度來抑制由整體溫度場導致的圓柱殼扭轉變形的情況。4.利用恒溫箱和拉伸試驗機等實驗測試平臺,獲得了不同溫度、不同暴露時間后反對稱鋪設圓柱殼結構的雙穩(wěn)態(tài)特性的變化情況。通過熱暴露實驗,得到了宏觀尺度下穩(wěn)態(tài)轉變、曲率變化和微觀尺度下碳纖維、樹脂基底的變化情況。
[Abstract]:The antisymmetric composite cylindrical shell structure has two different stable states, which can be changed between steady state by mechanical load, intelligent material or temperature field, etc. So it's called bistable composite structure (Bi-stable Composite Structure). Bistable composite structures have many advantages such as light weight, excellent load-carrying capacity and deformability. They are widely used in many fields, such as deformable mechanism of aeronautics and astronautics and blade of wind turbine. When the bistable composite structures are in various complex and extreme working environments, the bistable properties of the structures are greatly affected by temperature. At present, there is little research on antisymmetric cylindrical shell structure under the influence of temperature, which limits its development in practical application. In this paper, the influence mechanism of temperature on bistable characteristics of antisymmetric cylindrical shell structure is studied by means of theoretical derivation, experimental test and finite element simulation, and the ambient temperature (integral temperature field) is obtained. Under the influence of local temperature field and temperature gradient, the steady state transformation process, sudden load and deformation of cylindrical shell are studied. Finally, the deformation characteristics of bistable structures under thermal exposure are discussed and explained from macroscopic and microscopic perspectives. The main contents and results are as follows: 1. Based on the classical laminated plate theory, the bistable theoretical model of antisymmetric cylindrical shell structure under the influence of temperature is derived by using the principle of minimum potential energy. The influence of temperature field and temperature gradient on the curvature of antisymmetric cylindrical shell is predicted theoretically, and the factors influencing the distortion rate are discussed. 2. By means of the experimental method, the bistable characteristics of the antisymmetric cylindrical shell structure under the influence of temperature are obtained by using the test platform of the modified tensile testing machine with the temperature control box and the digital image processing technology developed by ourselves. The results show that the increase of the temperature of the whole temperature field will result in the corresponding increase of the curvature of the cylindrical shell. The sudden load from the first steady state to the second steady state decreases, while the second steady state returning to the first steady state increases. When heated in the local region of the cylindrical shell, the steady state transformation process and curvature of the structure are affected. 3. 3. The change of bistable characteristics of antisymmetric cylindrical shell structure under the influence of temperature gradient and the whole temperature field, local temperature field and temperature gradient are simulated by finite element software. The load-displacement curves including the steady state transition process and the curvature variation laws of the two steady states are obtained. The calculated results are in good agreement with the theoretical and experimental results. The simulation results show that the torsional deformation of cylindrical shell caused by the whole temperature field can be restrained by applying negative temperature gradient to the cylindrical shell under the influence of temperature gradient. The change of bistable characteristics of antisymmetric cylindrical shell structure with different temperature and different exposure time was obtained by means of an experimental test platform such as a constant temperature box and a tensile testing machine. The steady state transition, curvature change and carbon fiber and resin substrate change at macro scale and micro scale were obtained by thermal exposure experiment.
【學位授予單位】：浙江工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB33

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