基于ZnS納米材料的熒光猝滅型氣敏傳感器研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-16 08:13
【摘要】：工業(yè)生產(chǎn)和生活排放大量廢氣導(dǎo)致了環(huán)境污染,如臭氧層破壞、酸雨、溫室效應(yīng)等。隨著人類的安全和健康意識的提高,對家庭和各種生產(chǎn)、生活場所的易燃易爆氣體,有毒有害氣體的監(jiān)測迫在眉睫,以此達(dá)到防止安全事故發(fā)生的目的。目前危害環(huán)境及人類安全的一大殺手硫類化合物如H2S,SO2等得到普遍關(guān)注,尋找一種高性價(jià)比、高靈敏度、便攜式半導(dǎo)體氣體傳感器檢測這類有毒有害氣體成為新的研究方向。半導(dǎo)體納米敏感材料因其具備的諸多優(yōu)勢迅速成為在易燃易爆環(huán)境中檢測有毒有害氣體的主力軍。Zn S作為一種寬禁帶半導(dǎo)體材料,在數(shù)據(jù)儲存、數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換、氣敏傳感器以及紫外光敏感涂層器械領(lǐng)域都有很好的前景。超聲輔助水熱/溶劑熱法能夠制備出高質(zhì)量的ZnS納米材料,輔助摻雜微量稀土Eu元素能夠提升其熒光發(fā)射性能,結(jié)合光纖氣體傳感器原理應(yīng)用熒光猝滅機(jī)制可以實(shí)現(xiàn)對H2S,CO,NH3,酒精等多種可燃性氣體的檢測。本論文設(shè)計(jì)的ZnS基熒光猝滅型光纖氣體傳感器系統(tǒng)具有穩(wěn)定性強(qiáng),響應(yīng)快,抗干擾能力強(qiáng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn),可以用于檢測易燃易爆環(huán)境中的有毒有害氣體,并滿足新一代氣體傳感器現(xiàn)場實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測的要求。具體研究內(nèi)容如下:研究和建立了傳感器工作原理與數(shù)學(xué)模型,對熒光猝滅型氣體傳感器的光學(xué)系統(tǒng)、敏感元件及其工作原理進(jìn)行了分析,建立了基于激發(fā)/猝滅特性非均勻分布的熒光猝滅型氣體傳感器數(shù)學(xué)模型。研究了硫化鋅納米材料的合成機(jī)制,并通過超聲輔助水熱/溶劑熱法制備了納米結(jié)構(gòu)ZnS材料,摻雜稀土Eu元素在很大程度上提升了納米硫化鋅的發(fā)光性能,該研究結(jié)果為基于ZnS:Eu2+敏感元件傳感器設(shè)計(jì)與制作奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。設(shè)計(jì)并制作了一種基于ZnS納米敏感材料的熒光猝滅型光纖氣體傳感元件,以用于氣體檢測,同時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)了以敏感元件為基礎(chǔ)的自制簡易氣室。參考熒光猝滅型光纖傳感系統(tǒng)理論模型的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)了以StellarNet公司生產(chǎn)的Blue-Wave(VIS25)微型光纖光譜儀、兩路混氣儀、鐵架臺、簡易氣室、敏感元件等搭建硫化鋅納米材料的熒光猝滅型氣體傳感系統(tǒng),并用電腦以及相應(yīng)軟件(SpectraWiz Software)等搭建實(shí)驗(yàn)測試平臺。制備了以H2S為主的被測氣體,將被測氣體通入氣室中進(jìn)行敏感性能測試。研究表明:ZnS敏感元件所發(fā)熒光能被H2S分子快速有效猝滅,在其測試范圍內(nèi),0 2I/I~[H S]滿足熒光猝滅理論Stern-Volmer方程的線性特征,同時(shí)在多組分條件下對H2S氣體具有良好選擇性。
[Abstract]:Industrial production and domestic emissions lead to environmental pollution, such as ozone depletion, acid rain, Greenhouse Effect and so on. With the improvement of human safety and health awareness, it is urgent to monitor the flammable and explosive gases and toxic and harmful gases in the home, various production and living places, so as to prevent the occurrence of safety accidents. At present, one of the killer sulfur compounds, such as H _ 2S _ 2 so _ 2, which is harmful to the environment and human security, has received widespread attention. It has become a new research direction to search for a kind of high performance-to-price, high sensitivity, portable semiconductor gas sensor to detect these toxic and harmful gases. Semiconductor nanosensitive materials, due to their many advantages, have rapidly become the main force for detecting toxic and harmful gases in flammable and explosive environments. As a wide band gap semiconductor material,. Zn S is used in data storage and data conversion. Gas sensors and UV-sensitive coatings have good prospects. High quality ZnS nanomaterials can be prepared by ultrasonic assisted hydrothermal / solvothermal method, and the fluorescence emission properties can be improved by doping trace rare earth elements Eu. The fluorescence quenching mechanism can be realized by using the principle of optical fiber gas sensor. Detection of various flammable gases such as NH3, alcohol. The ZnS based fluorescence quenching optical fiber gas sensor system designed in this paper has the advantages of strong stability, fast response and strong anti-interference ability. It can be used to detect toxic and harmful gases in flammable and explosive environment. And meet the new generation gas sensor field real-time monitoring requirements. The main contents are as follows: the working principle and mathematical model of the sensor are studied and established. The optical system, sensitive elements and working principle of the fluorescence quenching gas sensor are analyzed. A mathematical model of fluorescence quenching gas sensor based on the nonuniform distribution of excitation / quenching characteristics is established. The synthesis mechanism of zinc sulfide nanomaterials was studied, and nano-structure ZnS materials were prepared by ultrasonic assisted hydrothermal / solvothermal method. The luminescence properties of nano-zinc sulfide were greatly improved by doping rare earth Eu elements. The results lay a theoretical foundation for the design and fabrication of sensor based on ZnS:Eu2. A fluorescent quenching optical fiber gas sensor based on ZnS nanosensitive material is designed and fabricated for gas detection. A self-made simple gas chamber based on the sensing element is also designed. Referring to the theoretical model of fluorescence quenching optical fiber sensing system, a Blue-Wave (VIS25) miniature optical fiber spectrometer, a two-channel gas mixer, an iron frame platform and a simple gas chamber, which are produced by StellarNet Company, are designed. The fluorescence quenching gas sensing system of zinc sulfide nanomaterials was built by sensitive elements, and the experimental test platform was built by computer and (SpectraWiz Software) software. The H _ 2S gas was prepared and the measured gas was passed into the gas chamber to test the sensitivity of the gas. The results show that the fluorescence of ZnS sensitive element can be quenched quickly and effectively by H _ 2S molecule. In the range of measurement, 0.2 I / I ~ [HS] satisfies the linear characteristic of Stern-Volmer equation of fluorescence quenching theory. At the same time, it has good selectivity for H _ 2S gas under multicomponent conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TP212;TB383.1
本文編號：2382042
[Abstract]:Industrial production and domestic emissions lead to environmental pollution, such as ozone depletion, acid rain, Greenhouse Effect and so on. With the improvement of human safety and health awareness, it is urgent to monitor the flammable and explosive gases and toxic and harmful gases in the home, various production and living places, so as to prevent the occurrence of safety accidents. At present, one of the killer sulfur compounds, such as H _ 2S _ 2 so _ 2, which is harmful to the environment and human security, has received widespread attention. It has become a new research direction to search for a kind of high performance-to-price, high sensitivity, portable semiconductor gas sensor to detect these toxic and harmful gases. Semiconductor nanosensitive materials, due to their many advantages, have rapidly become the main force for detecting toxic and harmful gases in flammable and explosive environments. As a wide band gap semiconductor material,. Zn S is used in data storage and data conversion. Gas sensors and UV-sensitive coatings have good prospects. High quality ZnS nanomaterials can be prepared by ultrasonic assisted hydrothermal / solvothermal method, and the fluorescence emission properties can be improved by doping trace rare earth elements Eu. The fluorescence quenching mechanism can be realized by using the principle of optical fiber gas sensor. Detection of various flammable gases such as NH3, alcohol. The ZnS based fluorescence quenching optical fiber gas sensor system designed in this paper has the advantages of strong stability, fast response and strong anti-interference ability. It can be used to detect toxic and harmful gases in flammable and explosive environment. And meet the new generation gas sensor field real-time monitoring requirements. The main contents are as follows: the working principle and mathematical model of the sensor are studied and established. The optical system, sensitive elements and working principle of the fluorescence quenching gas sensor are analyzed. A mathematical model of fluorescence quenching gas sensor based on the nonuniform distribution of excitation / quenching characteristics is established. The synthesis mechanism of zinc sulfide nanomaterials was studied, and nano-structure ZnS materials were prepared by ultrasonic assisted hydrothermal / solvothermal method. The luminescence properties of nano-zinc sulfide were greatly improved by doping rare earth Eu elements. The results lay a theoretical foundation for the design and fabrication of sensor based on ZnS:Eu2. A fluorescent quenching optical fiber gas sensor based on ZnS nanosensitive material is designed and fabricated for gas detection. A self-made simple gas chamber based on the sensing element is also designed. Referring to the theoretical model of fluorescence quenching optical fiber sensing system, a Blue-Wave (VIS25) miniature optical fiber spectrometer, a two-channel gas mixer, an iron frame platform and a simple gas chamber, which are produced by StellarNet Company, are designed. The fluorescence quenching gas sensing system of zinc sulfide nanomaterials was built by sensitive elements, and the experimental test platform was built by computer and (SpectraWiz Software) software. The H _ 2S gas was prepared and the measured gas was passed into the gas chamber to test the sensitivity of the gas. The results show that the fluorescence of ZnS sensitive element can be quenched quickly and effectively by H _ 2S molecule. In the range of measurement, 0.2 I / I ~ [HS] satisfies the linear characteristic of Stern-Volmer equation of fluorescence quenching theory. At the same time, it has good selectivity for H _ 2S gas under multicomponent conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TP212;TB383.1
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 牛新書,劉艷麗,徐甲強(qiáng);室溫固相合成納米ZnS及其氣敏性能研究[J];無機(jī)材料學(xué)報(bào);2002年04期
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