【摘要】：電致變色是指材料的光學(xué)屬性(反射率、透過率、吸收率等)在外加電場的作用下發(fā)生穩(wěn)定、可逆的顏色變化的現(xiàn)象。在電致變色材料中,導(dǎo)電聚合物是電致變色材料中的新興成員。由于其特有的光電性能,導(dǎo)電聚合物已成為擁有良好發(fā)展前景的材料。其中,聚苯胺類導(dǎo)電聚合物以其容易形成穩(wěn)定的結(jié)構(gòu),擁有高電荷遷移率,電致變色特性和光化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性等各種有利的特性而不斷吸引著人們的研究熱情。在電致變色器件中,如無眩反光鏡、智能窗、顯示器件、軍事偽裝等方面具有廣泛的應(yīng)用。聚苯胺類導(dǎo)電聚合物作為非常重要的電致變色聚合物,具有突出的導(dǎo)電性和好的氧化還原性,在可見近紅外區(qū)具有高的光學(xué)對比度和快的響應(yīng)時間。并且,聚苯胺具有易加工、響應(yīng)速度快、顏色變化豐富及成本低等多方面的優(yōu)點,從而成為電致變色研究工作的重點。本論文采用電化學(xué)恒電位法在ITO(氧化銦錫)玻璃上制備了聚苯胺和聚苯胺-二苯胺磺酸鈉復(fù)合薄膜,對聚苯胺的結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌進(jìn)行了表征,并對聚苯胺-二苯胺磺酸鈉復(fù)合薄膜進(jìn)行了循環(huán)伏安測試、電流-時間曲線測試、UR-IR分光光度測試等電化學(xué)測試。本論文的主要內(nèi)容如下所述。第一章為電致變色。從電致變色的定義,電致變色的材料,電致變色的變色機(jī)理,電致變色的應(yīng)用四個方面具體介紹電致變色的發(fā)展與應(yīng)用,為第三章、第四章的變色理論提供依據(jù)。第二章為聚苯胺簡介。從聚苯胺的結(jié)構(gòu)、導(dǎo)電機(jī)理、合成方法與應(yīng)用四個方面具體介紹了一下聚苯胺,為論文的第三章、第四章實驗部分奠定了理論及基礎(chǔ)。第三章為聚苯胺的合成與變色研究。在苯胺-硫酸溶液混合體系中采用三電極體系的電化學(xué)恒電位法合成了導(dǎo)電聚苯胺膜。通過優(yōu)化聚合時間和測試溶液的PH值,得到了具有最佳性能的聚苯胺膜,并對其聚合機(jī)理、結(jié)構(gòu)、變色機(jī)理進(jìn)行了分析。第四章為聚苯胺-二苯胺磺酸鈉復(fù)合膜的制備。采用電化學(xué)恒電位法,利用苯胺及其衍生物在ITO玻璃上沉積了聚苯胺-二苯胺磺酸鈉變色薄膜樣品。該方式所制備得到的樣品質(zhì)量較好,且表面均勻,然后采用循環(huán)伏安測試、電流-時間曲線、UR-IR分光光度測試對所得樣品進(jìn)行了相關(guān)電致變色性能測試。第五章為論文結(jié)論與展望。本章總結(jié)了一下論文的工作內(nèi)容,提出了一些論文中的不足,并對今后開展電致變色薄膜在紅外波段的應(yīng)用研究提出了一些想法。
[Abstract]:Electrochromism refers to the phenomenon that the optical properties (reflectivity, transmittance, absorptivity, etc.) of materials change steadily and inversely under the action of external electric field. In electrochromic materials, conductive polymers are new members of electrochromic materials. Because of its unique optoelectronic properties, conductive polymer has become a promising material. Among them, polyphenylamine conductive polymers have attracted more and more interest for their stable structure, high charge mobility, electrochromic properties and photochemical stability. It has been widely used in electrochromic devices such as non-glare mirror, smart window, display device, military camouflage and so on. As a very important electrochromic polymer, polyphenylamine conductive polymer has outstanding conductivity and good redox property, and has high optical contrast and fast response time in the visible and near infrared region. Polyaniline has many advantages, such as easy processing, fast response, rich color change and low cost, so it has become the focus of electrochromic research. In this paper, Polyaniline and Polyaniline-diphenylaminesulfonate composite films were prepared on ITO glass by electrochemical potentiostatic method. The structure and morphology of Polyaniline were characterized. The composite films of Polyaniline and sodium diphenylamine sulfonate were tested by cyclic voltammetry, current-time curves and UR-IR spectrophotometry. The main contents of this paper are as follows. The first chapter is electrochromic. This paper introduces the development and application of electrochromic from four aspects: the definition of electrochromic, the material of electrochromic, the mechanism of electrochromic, and the application of electrochromic. It provides the basis for the theory of discoloration in chapter three and chapter four. The second chapter is a brief introduction of Polyaniline. Polyaniline was introduced in detail from four aspects: structure, conductive mechanism, synthesis method and application, which laid a theoretical foundation for the third chapter and the fourth chapter of the experiment. The third chapter is about the synthesis and discoloration of Polyaniline. Conductive Polyaniline films were synthesized by electrochemical potentiostatic method in a three-electrode system in aniline-sulfuric acid solution. The Polyaniline film with the best properties was obtained by optimizing the polymerization time and the PH value of the solution. The polymerization mechanism, structure and color change mechanism of the film were analyzed. The fourth chapter is the preparation of Polyaniline-sodium diphenylamine sulfonate composite membrane. Polyaniline-sodium diphenylamine sulfonate film was deposited on ITO glass by electrochemical potentiostatic method using aniline and its derivatives. The quality of the samples prepared by this method is good and the surface is uniform. Then the electrochromic properties of the samples are tested by cyclic voltammetry, current-time curves and UR-IR spectrophotometry. The fifth chapter is the conclusion and prospect of the thesis. In this chapter, we summarize the work of this paper, put forward some shortcomings in this paper, and put forward some ideas for the future research on the application of electrochromic thin films in infrared band.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB383.2

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