【摘要】：隨著霧霾在全國頻發(fā),國內對于環(huán)保節(jié)能需求更加緊迫,其中汽車節(jié)能減排更是重中之重。為此近幾年“綠色輪胎”概念在汽車工業(yè)興起,開發(fā)高性能、低滾動阻力輪胎成為行業(yè)研發(fā)重點。橡膠配方中的填料對橡膠強度、滾動阻力、抗?jié)窕云鹬陵P重要作用。本課題以開發(fā)高補強、低滾動阻力的填料為目標,從開發(fā)間同1,2-聚丁二烯(s PBD)類新型填料以及對白炭黑改性兩方面入手,制備了高強度、低滾動阻力橡膠復合材料,主要研究內容及結論如下:1、新型填料s PBD開發(fā):合成了一系列新型的磷酸酯類化合物,并作為給電子體應用于鐵系催化劑。詳細地研究了給電子體的結構以及聚合條件對聚合活性及產(chǎn)物微觀結構和性能的影響。以磷酸酯類為給電子體的催化劑在三異丁基鋁的活化下,在正己烷溶劑中可實現(xiàn)高效地催化丁二烯聚合,合成高1,2-含量和結晶度可調的s PBD,同時此催化體系的熱穩(wěn)定性優(yōu)異。溶液聚合所獲得s PBD對順丁橡膠具有優(yōu)異補強效果,10 wt%添加量下相比炭黑補強,拉伸強度提高2倍,斷裂伸長率提高3倍。但溶液聚合的s PBD顆粒大,添加量增大后不利于在順丁橡膠中分散,為解決該問題本課題后續(xù)以POSS為載體開發(fā)了負載聚合,獲得微米級s PBD懸浮液,利用該懸浮液與順丁橡膠共混,可在s PBD高添加量情況下依然能獲得分散良好的混合膠。負載s PBD產(chǎn)物能大幅度改善了順丁橡膠的拉伸強度和100%定伸強度,力學性能改善同時相比炭黑補強,s PBD補強橡膠還具有更低的滾動阻力。2、改性白炭黑:本課題通過烯烴復分解方式合成端基帶硅氧烷官能團的順丁橡膠遙爪聚合物,并詳細研究對復分解反應影響因素。再將遙爪聚合物改性白炭黑,改性后白炭黑鍵合上順丁橡膠,能夠大幅度改善白炭黑在有機溶劑和順丁橡膠中分散。這種優(yōu)異分散,雖然略微降低了補強橡膠的強度,但在硫化效抗?jié)窕院蜐L動阻力上均獲得了明顯的改善。
[Abstract]:With the frequent occurrence of haze in China, the demand for environmental protection and energy saving is more urgent in China, especially for automobile energy saving and emission reduction. In recent years, the concept of "green tire" has emerged in the automobile industry. The development of high performance and low rolling resistance tires has become the focus of research and development in the industry. The filler in rubber formulation plays an important role in rubber strength, rolling resistance and wet-slip resistance. In this paper, the high strength and low rolling resistance rubber composites were prepared by developing high strength and low rolling resistance fillers, starting with the development of new (s PBD) fillers and the modification of silica. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: 1. A series of new phosphate compounds were synthesized and used as electron donor in iron catalyst. 1. The development of new filler s PBD. The effects of the structure of the electron donor and the polymerization conditions on the polymerization activity and the microstructure and properties of the product were studied in detail. Under the activation of triisobutyl aluminum, the catalyst with phosphate ester as electron donor can efficiently catalyze the polymerization of butadiene in n-hexane solvent to synthesize s PBD, with high content of 1 ~ (2 +) and adjustable crystallinity. At the same time, the thermal stability of the catalyst system is excellent. S PBD obtained by solution polymerization had excellent reinforcing effect on cis-butadiene rubber. Compared with carbon black, the tensile strength and elongation at break of 10 wt% were 2 times and 3 times higher than that of carbon black respectively. However, because of the large amount of s PBD particles in solution polymerization, the increase of the addition amount is not conducive to dispersion in cis-butadiene rubber. In order to solve this problem, the supported polymerization was developed with POSS as the carrier to obtain the micrometer s PBD suspension. When the suspension was blended with cis-butadiene rubber, a well-dispersed blend could be obtained under the condition of high addition of s PBD. The tensile strength and 100% tensile strength of cis-butadiene rubber were greatly improved by loading s PBD products. The mechanical properties were improved and the rolling resistance of, s PBD reinforced rubber reinforced by carbon black was also lower than that of, s PBD reinforced with carbon black. Modified silica: the cis-butadiene telomeric polymer with siloxane functional groups at the end of the base was synthesized by the method of olefin double-decomposition, and the factors affecting the reaction were studied in detail. Then modified silica with telomeric polymer and modified silica bonded with cis-butadiene rubber can greatly improve the dispersion of silica in organic solvents and cis-butadiene rubber. Although the excellent dispersion slightly reduced the strength of the reinforced rubber, the wet slip resistance and rolling resistance of the vulcanization effect were obviously improved.
【學位授予單位】：寧波大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB332

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