【摘要】：濕法脫硫系統(tǒng)中的核心動(dòng)力部件是循環(huán)漿液泵,服役環(huán)境惡劣。其中主要過(guò)流部件葉輪等在循環(huán)漿液中不停受到腐蝕、沖蝕以及汽蝕等問(wèn)題,沖蝕磨損程度嚴(yán)重。根據(jù)目前金屬葉輪普遍工作壽命較短的情況,使用耐磨復(fù)合材料替代金屬材料制作葉輪,被認(rèn)為是針對(duì)這一問(wèn)題的低成本解決方案。環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂基復(fù)合材料固化后力學(xué)性能良好,耐磨性強(qiáng),固化收縮率小,是優(yōu)良的一體成型以及涂覆材料。本文通過(guò)對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)室研發(fā)的混填顆粒環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂基復(fù)合材料固化過(guò)程中的流變特性、固化反應(yīng)以及固化后的力學(xué)性能研究,為其制定合適的成型工藝,用以解決電廠漿液泵的磨損問(wèn)題。首先,對(duì)顆粒級(jí)配樹(shù)脂基體固化過(guò)程進(jìn)行化學(xué)流變學(xué)檢測(cè),確定固化過(guò)程中凝膠點(diǎn)溫度;使用Castro和Macosko經(jīng)驗(yàn)方程描述體系復(fù)合粘度同溫度以及固化度變化關(guān)系,并與實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行擬合,建立流變學(xué)模型;標(biāo)明實(shí)際固化過(guò)程中體系復(fù)合粘度在200~800m Pa·s內(nèi)的保持時(shí)間、溫度范圍以及合適的升溫速率。由此得出適用于不同成型工藝的溫度與時(shí)間參數(shù),對(duì)實(shí)際操作提供理論指導(dǎo)。其次,對(duì)樹(shù)脂基體的固化反應(yīng)過(guò)程進(jìn)行熱流掃描(DSC),建立樹(shù)脂體系的固化反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,確定為自催化模型;通過(guò)模型描述了固化度與反應(yīng)溫度,反應(yīng)速率以及反應(yīng)活化能的關(guān)系;使用外推法求得體系階梯固化的三個(gè)特征溫度,優(yōu)化了階梯固化工藝;研究了混填顆粒及其表面改性對(duì)體系固化反應(yīng)的影響,表明兩種方式均不改變體系固化反應(yīng)機(jī)理,混填顆粒會(huì)增大固化反應(yīng)位阻延遲效應(yīng),而使用硅烷偶聯(lián)劑的表面改性方法則可以改善這種情況。對(duì)固化反應(yīng)中的溫度參數(shù)、填料以及助劑進(jìn)行研究,為實(shí)際工藝中的相關(guān)選擇提供指導(dǎo)依據(jù)。最后,對(duì)固化成型后的試樣進(jìn)行熱動(dòng)態(tài)機(jī)械分析(DMA),通過(guò)力學(xué)模量及玻璃化溫度轉(zhuǎn)變點(diǎn)測(cè)量,對(duì)比了顆粒混填,表面改性對(duì)材料最終力學(xué)性能的影響。表明以上兩種方式可以極大地提高樹(shù)脂固化體系的彈性模量,增大材料的硬度。還驗(yàn)證了后固化處理以及提高階梯固化溫度處理對(duì)材料力學(xué)性能的影響,其效果并不明顯,表明實(shí)驗(yàn)室目前使用的階梯固化溫度可以使體系進(jìn)行較完全的固化。綜上,通過(guò)不同熱分析方式對(duì)體系固化過(guò)程進(jìn)行研究,確定了較為合理的固化工藝參數(shù),對(duì)比了不同工藝對(duì)成型復(fù)合材料力學(xué)模量的影響�；谝陨涎芯�,本文認(rèn)為實(shí)驗(yàn)室研發(fā)的混填顆粒環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂基復(fù)合材料是可以替代金屬葉輪或進(jìn)行表面涂覆的優(yōu)良材料。
[Abstract]:Circulating slurry pump is the core power component of wet desulfurization system. The impeller, the main overflowing part, is corroded, eroded and cavitated continuously in the circulating slurry, and the erosion wear degree is serious. According to the condition that the working life of metal impeller is short at present, it is considered to be a low cost solution to solve this problem by using wear-resistant composite material instead of metal material to make impeller. Epoxy matrix composites have good mechanical properties, strong wear resistance and low shrinkage after curing, so they are excellent integrated molding and coating materials. In this paper, the rheological characteristics, curing reaction and mechanical properties of the hybrid particulate epoxy matrix composites developed by the laboratory were studied, and the appropriate molding process was established for them. It is used to solve the wear problem of slurry pump in power plant. Firstly, the curing process of grained resin matrix was tested by chemical rheology, and the gel point temperature was determined. Castro and Macosko empirical equations were used to describe the relationship between the complex viscosity and the temperature and curing degree, and the rheological model was established by fitting with the actual situation. The retention time, temperature range and appropriate heating rate of the composite viscosity in 200m / 800m Pa / s during the actual curing process were indicated. The temperature and time parameters suitable for different molding processes are obtained, which provide theoretical guidance for practical operation. Secondly, the curing reaction kinetics model of resin system was established by heat flux scanning (DSC), which was determined as the autocatalytic model. The relationship between curing degree and reaction temperature, reaction rate and reaction activation energy was described, and three characteristic temperatures of the system were obtained by extrapolation, and the step curing process was optimized. The effects of the mixed particles and their surface modification on the curing reaction of the system are studied. It is shown that neither of the two methods can change the curing mechanism of the system, and the effect of the steric resistance delay of the curing reaction will be increased by the mixed particles. The use of silane coupling agent surface modification method can improve this situation. The temperature parameters, fillers and auxiliaries in the curing reaction were studied to provide guidance for the selection of practical process. Finally, the thermodynamic mechanical analysis of the solidified sample was carried out. The mechanical modulus and glass transition point were measured by (DMA), and the effects of particle filling and surface modification on the final mechanical properties of the material were compared. The results show that the above two methods can greatly improve the elastic modulus of the resin curing system and increase the hardness of the material. The effect of post-curing treatment and raising step curing temperature on mechanical properties of materials is also verified. The effect is not obvious, which indicates that the step curing temperature used in laboratory can make the system solidify completely. In summary, the curing process of the system was studied by different thermal analysis methods, and the reasonable curing process parameters were determined, and the effects of different processes on the mechanical modulus of the composites were compared. Based on the above research, it is considered that the hybrid particle epoxy matrix composites developed by the laboratory can replace the metal impeller or be coated on the surface.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TQ323.5;TB332;X773

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