功能化氮化硼納米片的制備及其高分子復(fù)合材料性能研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-20 08:59
【摘要】：六方氮化硼由于其獨(dú)特的二維層狀結(jié)構(gòu),優(yōu)異的機(jī)械強(qiáng)度、導(dǎo)熱性、電絕緣性、以及化學(xué)和熱穩(wěn)定性能,使其在增強(qiáng)聚合物性能方面具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。本論文將從氮化硼納米片的制備以及氮化硼納米片對(duì)聚乙烯醇、天然橡膠、聚丙烯酰胺水凝膠高分子復(fù)合材料性能的影響等方面進(jìn)行研究,主要包括以下幾個(gè)方面:1.通過(guò)高溫、超聲等處理成功制備了功能化的氮化硼納米片,并利用傅里葉紅外光譜(FTIR)、X射線衍射(XRD)、透射電子顯微鏡(TEM)和拉曼光譜(Laman)對(duì)功能化氮化硼納米片的結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌進(jìn)行表征。結(jié)果表明此法可以制備出晶型結(jié)構(gòu)完整、尺寸較大且層數(shù)較少的氮化硼納米片。納米片上存在著大量的羥基,有利于進(jìn)一步功能化。2.以功能化氮化硼納米片和聚乙烯醇為原料,通過(guò)溶液共混法制備了一系列不同含量的氮化硼納米片/聚乙烯醇復(fù)合材料。并進(jìn)行了FTIR、XRD、掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、差示掃描量熱(DSC)、熱失重分析(TGA)、拉伸和動(dòng)態(tài)力學(xué)性能(DMA)的測(cè)試分析。結(jié)果表明納米片均勻的分散在聚合物中,沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)明顯的團(tuán)聚現(xiàn)象,納米片還與聚乙烯醇基體之間存在著氫鍵的相互作用。少量氮化硼納米片的加入,就可以提高聚合物的熱學(xué)性能。靜態(tài)力學(xué)和動(dòng)態(tài)力學(xué)測(cè)試結(jié)果顯示,加入1wt%的氮化硼納米片,拉伸強(qiáng)度和儲(chǔ)能模量分別提高了87.5%和43%,這說(shuō)明氮化硼為聚合物優(yōu)良的填料。3.以功能化氮化硼納米片和天然膠乳為原料,利用膠乳共混,然后在甲酸溶液中共沉淀的方法制備了不同含量的氮化硼納米片/天然橡膠復(fù)合材料。并對(duì)復(fù)合材料進(jìn)行了XRD、SEM、DMA、拉伸和導(dǎo)熱性能的測(cè)試分析。結(jié)果表明加入氮化硼納米片后,復(fù)合材料的機(jī)械強(qiáng)度顯著提高。本實(shí)驗(yàn)制備的一種類似于網(wǎng)狀的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)為熱量傳遞提供了更多的途徑,可以提高復(fù)合材料的導(dǎo)熱性能,氮化硼添加量為5 wt%時(shí),橡膠的導(dǎo)熱率可達(dá)0.192 W m-1K-1明顯高于純樣(0.152 W m-1K-1)。4.以聚丙烯酰胺、海藻酸鈉、氮化硼納米片為原料,制備了不同類型的(聚丙烯酰胺、氮化硼納米片/聚丙烯酰胺、海藻酸鈉/聚丙烯酰胺和氮化硼納米片/海藻酸鈉/聚丙烯酰胺)水凝膠,并對(duì)樣品進(jìn)行FTIR、SEM、DSC、拉伸和溶脹性能的測(cè)試。結(jié)果顯示,三網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)水凝膠比單網(wǎng)絡(luò)聚乙烯醇水凝膠的結(jié)構(gòu)更加致密。氮化硼納米片以及新的離子交聯(lián)網(wǎng)絡(luò)會(huì)引起水凝膠拉伸強(qiáng)度和熱性能的明顯提高。與聚丙烯酰胺水凝膠相比,三網(wǎng)絡(luò)水凝膠的最大降解溫度能夠提高12℃,拉伸強(qiáng)度提高963.6%,模量提高354%。
[Abstract]:Because of its unique two-dimensional layered structure, excellent mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, electrical insulation, and chemical and thermal stability, hexagonal boron nitride has a broad application prospect in enhancing polymer properties. In this paper, the preparation of boron nitride nanoparticles and the effects of boron nitride nanoparticles on the properties of polyvinyl alcohol, natural rubber and polyacrylamide hydrogel polymer composites are studied, including the following aspects: 1. The functionalized boron nitride nanocrystals were successfully prepared by high temperature and ultrasonic treatment. The (XRD), was diffracted by (FTIR), X ray by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The structure and morphology of functionalized boron nitride nanocrystals were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (TEM) and Raman (Laman). The results show that boron nitride nanocrystals with large size and less layers can be prepared by this method. There are a large number of hydroxyl groups on the nanocrystals, which is conducive to further functionalization. 2. A series of boron nitride / polyvinyl alcohol composites with different contents were prepared by solution blending method using functional boron nitride nanoparticles and polyvinyl alcohol as raw materials. The FTIR,XRD, scanning electron microscope (SEM),) differential scanning calorimetry (DSC),) thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to analyze the tensile properties of (TGA), and the dynamic mechanical properties (DMA). The results show that the nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed in the polymer, and there is no obvious agglomeration phenomenon, and there is a hydrogen bond interaction between the nanoparticles and the polyvinyl alcohol matrix. The thermal properties of the polymer can be improved by adding a small amount of boron nitride nanoparticles. The results of static and dynamic mechanical tests showed that the tensile strength and storage modulus of boron nitride nanocrystals increased by 87.5% and 43% respectively, which indicated that boron nitride was an excellent filler for polymer. Using functional boron nitride nanoparticles and natural latex as raw materials, boron nitride nanochips / natural rubber composites with different contents were prepared by coprecipitation in formic acid solution. The tensile and thermal conductivity of the composites were tested and analyzed by XRD,SEM,DMA,. The results showed that the mechanical strength of the composites increased significantly with the addition of boron nitride nanoparticles. A special net-like structure prepared in this experiment provides more ways for heat transfer, and can improve the thermal conductivity of the composites. When the amount of boron nitride is 5 wt%, the thermal conductivity of the composites can be improved when the amount of boron nitride is 5 wt%. The thermal conductivity of rubber was 0.192 W m-1K-1, which was significantly higher than that of pure sample (0.152 W m-1K-1). Different types of polyacrylamide, boron nitride / polyacrylamide were prepared from polyacrylamide, sodium alginate and boron nitride nanoparticles. Sodium alginate / polyacrylamide and boron nitride nanoparticles / sodium alginate / polyacrylamide) hydrogels were used to test the tensile and swelling properties of the samples. The results show that the structure of the three-network hydrogels is more compact than that of single-network polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels. The tensile strength and thermal properties of hydrogels can be significantly improved by boron nitride nanoparticles and new ionic crosslinking networks. Compared with polyacrylamide hydrogels, the maximum degradation temperature, tensile strength and modulus of the three-network hydrogels were increased by 12 鈩，
本文編號(hào)：2344478
[Abstract]:Because of its unique two-dimensional layered structure, excellent mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, electrical insulation, and chemical and thermal stability, hexagonal boron nitride has a broad application prospect in enhancing polymer properties. In this paper, the preparation of boron nitride nanoparticles and the effects of boron nitride nanoparticles on the properties of polyvinyl alcohol, natural rubber and polyacrylamide hydrogel polymer composites are studied, including the following aspects: 1. The functionalized boron nitride nanocrystals were successfully prepared by high temperature and ultrasonic treatment. The (XRD), was diffracted by (FTIR), X ray by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The structure and morphology of functionalized boron nitride nanocrystals were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (TEM) and Raman (Laman). The results show that boron nitride nanocrystals with large size and less layers can be prepared by this method. There are a large number of hydroxyl groups on the nanocrystals, which is conducive to further functionalization. 2. A series of boron nitride / polyvinyl alcohol composites with different contents were prepared by solution blending method using functional boron nitride nanoparticles and polyvinyl alcohol as raw materials. The FTIR,XRD, scanning electron microscope (SEM),) differential scanning calorimetry (DSC),) thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to analyze the tensile properties of (TGA), and the dynamic mechanical properties (DMA). The results show that the nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed in the polymer, and there is no obvious agglomeration phenomenon, and there is a hydrogen bond interaction between the nanoparticles and the polyvinyl alcohol matrix. The thermal properties of the polymer can be improved by adding a small amount of boron nitride nanoparticles. The results of static and dynamic mechanical tests showed that the tensile strength and storage modulus of boron nitride nanocrystals increased by 87.5% and 43% respectively, which indicated that boron nitride was an excellent filler for polymer. Using functional boron nitride nanoparticles and natural latex as raw materials, boron nitride nanochips / natural rubber composites with different contents were prepared by coprecipitation in formic acid solution. The tensile and thermal conductivity of the composites were tested and analyzed by XRD,SEM,DMA,. The results showed that the mechanical strength of the composites increased significantly with the addition of boron nitride nanoparticles. A special net-like structure prepared in this experiment provides more ways for heat transfer, and can improve the thermal conductivity of the composites. When the amount of boron nitride is 5 wt%, the thermal conductivity of the composites can be improved when the amount of boron nitride is 5 wt%. The thermal conductivity of rubber was 0.192 W m-1K-1, which was significantly higher than that of pure sample (0.152 W m-1K-1). Different types of polyacrylamide, boron nitride / polyacrylamide were prepared from polyacrylamide, sodium alginate and boron nitride nanoparticles. Sodium alginate / polyacrylamide and boron nitride nanoparticles / sodium alginate / polyacrylamide) hydrogels were used to test the tensile and swelling properties of the samples. The results show that the structure of the three-network hydrogels is more compact than that of single-network polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels. The tensile strength and thermal properties of hydrogels can be significantly improved by boron nitride nanoparticles and new ionic crosslinking networks. Compared with polyacrylamide hydrogels, the maximum degradation temperature, tensile strength and modulus of the three-network hydrogels were increased by 12 鈩，
本文編號(hào)：2344478
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