【摘要】：近年來,由于光纖磁場傳感器的諸多性能優(yōu)勢,如抗電磁干擾能力強,重量輕,體積小以及帶寬大等等,在研究中受到了越來越多的關注。一些物理現(xiàn)象,如法拉第效應、磁力等等,都可以用于制作光纖磁場傳感器,這其中,最流行的莫過于基于磁致伸縮材料的光纖磁場傳感器的研究。然而,磁致伸縮材料非常脆弱,在高頻工作狀態(tài)下會因低電阻率而產(chǎn)生較強的渦流效應。因此,本課題提出了一種磁致伸縮復合材料,以求性能上的提高。在本文中,我們設計了一種新型的微型光纖磁場傳感器,通過將DBR光纖激光器嵌入環(huán)氧樹脂與Terfenol-D粉末混合的磁致伸縮復合材料中而制得。DBR光纖光柵激光器是利用一個193nm準分子激光器,在摻鉺光纖上分別刻寫長度為6.5mm和5.5mm的光柵,光柵間距為5mm而制得。磁致伸縮復合材料是按照Terfenol-D粒子、E44環(huán)氧樹脂和650聚酰胺固化劑體積比為1:10:10混合制備而成。當施加橫向磁場時,磁場誘導磁致伸縮復合材料發(fā)生形變。磁場傳感器的機械結構將形變轉換成橫向應力施加于嵌入的DBR光纖激光器上。然后,激光的雙折射發(fā)生改變,最終表現(xiàn)為拍頻信號的變化。通過鑒別拍頻信號頻率的變化,來測量施加的磁場強度。經(jīng)測量,本文提出的磁場傳感器的靈敏度可達10.5Hz/μT,磁場測量范圍高達約0.3T。本論文的主要內(nèi)容如下:首先,我們研究雙偏振光纖激光器的制備。利用相位掩膜法及193nm準分子激光器,在摻餌光纖上直接刻寫與模板波長相匹配的光纖光柵對,進而研制出了具有兩個正交偏振態(tài)的單縱模DBR光纖光柵激光器,并通過退火處理提升了DBR光纖激光器的性能。其次,利用Terfenol-D粉末,環(huán)氧樹脂E44及其固化劑,對磁致伸縮復合材料進行了制備,建立了樹脂基磁致伸縮復合材料的受力模型,并進行了公式推導。對制備過程中的工藝與注意事項進行了簡短的討論。再次,實現(xiàn)了基于磁致伸縮復合材料的DBR光纖磁場傳感器,根據(jù)光纖中的雙折射效應,推導了光纖激光器的拍頻漂移與待測磁場之間的關系,實驗上實現(xiàn)了對磁場的測量,驗證了相關的理論的準確性及實驗模型的有效性。最后,對整篇論文進行了簡要的總結與回顧,對基于磁致伸縮復合材料的光纖磁場傳感器的應用領域與前景進行了展望。
[Abstract]:In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the optical fiber magnetic field sensor due to its many performance advantages, such as strong anti-electromagnetic interference ability, light weight, small volume and large bandwidth. Some physical phenomena, such as Faraday effect, magnetic force and so on, can be used to fabricate optical fiber magnetic field sensors, among which, the most popular one is the study of optical fiber magnetic field sensors based on magnetostrictive materials. However, the magnetostrictive materials are very fragile and have strong eddy current effects due to low resistivity in high frequency working conditions. Therefore, a magnetostrictive composite is proposed to improve its properties. In this paper, we design a new kind of micro optical fiber magnetic field sensor. The DBR fiber laser is fabricated by embedding the DBR fiber laser into a magnetostrictive composite material mixed with epoxy resin and Terfenol-D powder. The DBR fiber grating laser is a 193nm excimer laser. The grating with length of 6.5mm and 5.5mm is written on erbium-doped fiber, and the grating spacing is 5mm. The magnetostrictive composites were prepared according to 1:10:10 volume ratio of Terfenol-D particles, E44 epoxy resin and 650 polyamide curing agent. When the transverse magnetic field is applied, the magnetic field induces the deformation of magnetostrictive composites. The mechanical structure of the magnetic field sensor converts the deformation to transverse stress applied to the embedded DBR fiber laser. Then, the birefringence of the laser changes, and finally the beat signal changes. The applied magnetic field intensity is measured by discriminating the frequency variation of the beat signal. The sensitivity of the proposed magnetic field sensor is as high as 10.5Hz/ 渭 T, and the magnetic field measurement range is about 0.3 T. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: firstly, we study the fabrication of dual polarization fiber laser. Using phase mask method and 193nm excimer laser, a pair of fiber Bragg gratings matching the template wavelength is written directly on the decoy fiber, and a single longitudinal mode DBR fiber grating laser with two orthogonal polarization states is developed. The performance of DBR fiber laser is improved by annealing. Secondly, using Terfenol-D powder, epoxy resin E44 and its curing agent, the magnetostrictive composite was prepared, the mechanical model of the resin matrix magnetostrictive composite was established, and the formula was deduced. The preparation process and points for attention were briefly discussed. Thirdly, the DBR fiber magnetic field sensor based on magnetostrictive composite material is realized. According to the birefringence effect in the fiber, the relationship between the beat frequency drift of fiber laser and the magnetic field to be measured is deduced, and the magnetic field is measured experimentally. The accuracy of the related theory and the validity of the experimental model are verified. Finally, the whole paper is briefly summarized and reviewed, and the application field and prospect of optical fiber magnetic field sensor based on magnetostrictive composite materials are prospected.
【學位授予單位】：暨南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB33;TP212

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本文編號：2320438