【摘要】：隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,復(fù)合材料在各行各業(yè)中的應(yīng)用越來(lái)越多。因而復(fù)合材料的使用壽命問(wèn)題的重要性越來(lái)越凸顯。復(fù)合材料的黏彈性是其使用壽命的性能指標(biāo)國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)復(fù)合材料的黏彈性性能的研究已經(jīng)大規(guī)模展開(kāi)。當(dāng)前的研究多集中于復(fù)合材料宏觀尺度的理論分析和實(shí)驗(yàn),對(duì)于復(fù)合材料細(xì)觀黏彈性理論研究的研究不夠透徹。本文正是基于這一現(xiàn)狀展開(kāi)的研究。為了建立一種由基體的黏彈性獲得復(fù)合材料黏彈性的新方法,本文從基體材料的黏彈性模型出發(fā),提出一種復(fù)合材料單向板黏彈性模型。由該模型的平衡方程組,經(jīng)Laplace變換與逆變換推導(dǎo)其黏彈性參數(shù)表達(dá)式,該表達(dá)形式與基體材料的黏彈性本構(gòu)方程具有相同的形式。進(jìn)行了基體材料、復(fù)合材料單向板的黏彈性實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:復(fù)合材料單向板的蠕變?nèi)崃抗降膶?shí)驗(yàn)擬合參數(shù)值與推導(dǎo)的黏彈性參數(shù)值較為接近,該模型能夠較準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)復(fù)合材料單向板的黏彈性行為。獲得了一種只需測(cè)出基體的彈性模量及蠕變常數(shù)、復(fù)合材料單向板的彈性模量及基體含量,即可預(yù)測(cè)聚合物基復(fù)合材料單向板的黏彈性行為的新方法。結(jié)合復(fù)合材料層合板理論,進(jìn)一步推導(dǎo)了基于復(fù)合材料經(jīng)典層合理論假設(shè)的復(fù)合材料層合板的黏彈性參數(shù)矩陣的表達(dá)式,提出了由基體材料黏彈性性能和增強(qiáng)材料彈性性能獲得復(fù)合材料黏彈性性能的新方法。編寫(xiě)了MATLAB計(jì)算程序,實(shí)現(xiàn)了復(fù)合材料黏彈性參數(shù)矩陣的數(shù)值計(jì)算。進(jìn)行了復(fù)合材料層合板蠕變實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,將不同鋪層工藝試樣的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與理論計(jì)算結(jié)果對(duì)比分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)了理論計(jì)算結(jié)果可以反映復(fù)合材料蠕變?nèi)崃康淖兓厔?shì),但仍然存在一定的誤差。實(shí)驗(yàn)研究驗(yàn)證了復(fù)合材料黏彈性理論公式的適用性,并提出了實(shí)驗(yàn)的相關(guān)注意事項(xiàng)。本文將復(fù)合材料細(xì)觀力學(xué)理論與聚合物材料黏彈性理論相結(jié)合,系統(tǒng)的推導(dǎo)出了由基體材料黏彈性性能和增強(qiáng)材料彈性性能獲得復(fù)合材料層合板黏彈性的理論方法。通過(guò)基體材料蠕變實(shí)驗(yàn)、復(fù)合材料單向板蠕變實(shí)驗(yàn)、復(fù)合材料層合板蠕變實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了理論公式的正確性。該方法為改變當(dāng)前復(fù)合材料長(zhǎng)期性能實(shí)驗(yàn)的長(zhǎng)時(shí)間和高經(jīng)濟(jì)成本的現(xiàn)狀提供了一種可能的選擇。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, composite materials are applied more and more in various industries. Therefore, the importance of the service life of composites becomes more and more important. Viscoelasticity of composite is the performance index of its service life. The research on viscoelastic properties of composite has been carried out on a large scale at home and abroad. Most of the current studies focus on the theoretical analysis and experiments of composite materials at macro scale, but the research on meso-viscoelastic theory of composite materials is not thorough enough. This paper is based on the status quo of the research. In order to establish a new method to obtain viscoelasticity of composite material from viscoelasticity of matrix, a viscoelastic model of unidirectional composite plate is proposed based on the viscoelastic model of matrix material. The expression of viscoelastic parameters is derived from the equilibrium equations of the model by Laplace transform and inverse transformation. The expression is the same as the viscoelastic constitutive equation of matrix material. The viscoelastic experiment of unidirectional composite plate and matrix material is carried out. The experimental results show that the experimental fitting parameter value of the creep compliance formula of composite unidirectional plate is close to the derived viscoelastic parameter value. The model can accurately describe the viscoelastic behavior of unidirectional composite plates. A new method for predicting the viscoelastic behavior of unidirectional composite plate is obtained by measuring the elastic modulus and creep constant of matrix, elastic modulus and matrix content of unidirectional composite plate. Based on the theory of composite laminated plate, the expression of viscoelastic parameter matrix of composite laminated plate based on the hypothesis of classical composite lamination theory is derived. A new method for obtaining the viscoelastic properties of composites from the viscoelastic properties of the matrix materials and the elastic properties of the reinforced materials is presented. A MATLAB program is developed to realize the numerical calculation of the viscoelastic parameter matrix of composite materials. The creep experiments of composite laminated plates were carried out. The experimental results of different laminates were compared and analyzed with the theoretical calculation results. It was found that the theoretical results could reflect the creep compliance of the composites. But there are still some errors. The experimental results verify the applicability of the viscoelastic theory formula of composite materials, and the relevant points for attention in the experiment are put forward. In this paper, the theory of viscoelasticity of composite laminates is systematically derived from the viscoelastic properties of matrix materials and the elastic properties of reinforced materials by combining the meso-mechanical theory of composite materials with the viscoelastic theory of polymer materials. The theoretical formula is verified by the creep experiments of matrix material, unidirectional composite plate and composite laminated plate. This method provides a possible choice for changing the present situation of long time and high economic cost of long term performance experiments of composite materials.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TB33

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