單分散納米粒子的表面修飾及機理研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-02 14:46
【摘要】：探索單分散無機納米粒子的可控制備方法并對其表面進行修飾以及對其尺度、形貌、表面結(jié)構(gòu)以及分散性能進行調(diào)控已成為納米科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的研究熱點之一。本論文圍繞四氧化三鐵和銀展開研究,首先合成出單分散的Fe3O4和Ag納米粒子,然后利用初始粒子的表面性質(zhì),分別進行無機和有機高分子的包覆,發(fā)展新穎結(jié)構(gòu)無機納米粒子的控制合成方法、探索其生長機制,構(gòu)建了種子法微乳溶劑熱體系合成特定形貌四氧化三鐵納米粒子和一釜法原位自由基引發(fā)聚合得到無機/聚合物復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的新方法。通過油酸輔助的微乳溶劑熱法得到了各向異性的Fe3O4納米晶體:六邊形和三角形的Fe3O4納米片。利用四氧化三鐵納米粒子的尺度和分散性能,以其為種子分散在微乳液中,通過二次生長得到了各向異性的Fe3O4納米晶體。調(diào)節(jié)實驗參數(shù),可分別得到Fe3O4的三角形和六邊形納米片。探討了不同形貌納米晶的形成機制,研究了納米晶的成核、生長以及晶體缺陷誘導(dǎo)生長過程中晶面的產(chǎn)生和消失對最終形貌的影響,對立方晶系無機納米粒子的三角形和六邊形形貌提供了統(tǒng)一的,可信的解釋。在不加任何溶劑、表面活性劑和引發(fā)劑的情況下,利用羧基與貴金屬鹽氧化還原過程中原位產(chǎn)生的穩(wěn)定自由基的催化性能,成功發(fā)展了一種一釜兩步法制備Ag/聚油酸和Ag/聚十一烯酸納米復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的新方法。利用油酸含雙鍵、不易聚合的特點,先后作為還原劑、表面活性劑、聚合單體,催化雙鍵聚合得到鏈狀聚合物包裹單分散無機納米粒子的納米復(fù)合材料,此材料具有特殊的分散性能,利用鏈狀高分子的相互作用較弱的特點,可控制條件轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閮删S的片狀納米復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。此方法廣泛適用于貴金屬鹽與含不飽和鍵的脂肪酸的體系,通過改變脂肪酸的鏈長、官能團類型,可對復(fù)合材料的分散性能進行調(diào)節(jié),在催化、光學(xué)等領(lǐng)域具有潛在的應(yīng)用價值,為制備具有不同分散性能的無機/聚合物納米材料提供了新思路。
[Abstract]:It has become one of the hotspots in nanoscience to explore the controllable preparation methods of monodisperse inorganic nanoparticles and to modify their surface and regulate their scale, morphology, surface structure and dispersion properties. In this paper, the monodisperse Fe3O4 and Ag nanoparticles were synthesized by focusing on Fe _ 2O _ 4 and Ag, and then coated with inorganic and organic polymers using the surface properties of the initial particles. To develop a new controlled synthesis method of inorganic nanoparticles with novel structure, and to explore its growth mechanism, A new method for the synthesis of Fe _ 2O _ 4 nanoparticles with specific morphology by seeded microemulsion solvothermal system and in situ free-radical initiation polymerization by one-pot method was developed to obtain inorganic / polymer composite structure. Anisotropic Fe3O4 nanocrystals, hexagonal and triangular Fe3O4 nanocrystals, were obtained by oleic acid assisted microemulsion solvothermal method. The anisotropic Fe3O4 nanocrystalline was obtained by the second growth of Fe _ 2O _ 3 nanoparticles, which were dispersed in the microemulsion by using the scale and dispersion properties of Fe _ 2O _ 3 nanoparticles. The triangular and hexagonal nanocrystals of Fe3O4 can be obtained by adjusting the experimental parameters. The formation mechanism of nanocrystals with different morphologies was discussed. The effect of nucleation and growth of nanocrystals and the formation and disappearance of crystal planes on the final morphology of nanocrystals during the growth process induced by crystal defects were studied. The triangular and hexagonal morphologies of the opposite square system inorganic nanoparticles provide a unified and credible explanation. Without any solvent, surfactant or initiator, the catalytic properties of stable free radicals produced in situ during the redox process of carboxyl and noble metal salts, A new method of preparing Ag/ poly (oleic acid) and Ag/ polyundecenoic acid nanostructures by one pot two step method was developed successfully. Taking advantage of the characteristics of oleic acid which contains double bonds and is not easy to be polymerized, it has been used as reducing agent, surfactant, polymeric monomer, and catalytic double bond polymerization to obtain chain polymer coated monodisperse inorganic nanoparticles nanocomposites. The material has special dispersion property and can be changed into two dimensional flake nanocomposite structure by using the weak interaction of chain polymer. This method is widely used in the system of noble metal salts and fatty acids containing unsaturated bonds. By changing the chain length and functional group type of fatty acids, the dispersion properties of the composites can be adjusted and catalyzed. Optics and other fields have potential application value and provide a new idea for the preparation of inorganic / polymer nanomaterials with different dispersion properties.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB383.1
本文編號：2306105
[Abstract]:It has become one of the hotspots in nanoscience to explore the controllable preparation methods of monodisperse inorganic nanoparticles and to modify their surface and regulate their scale, morphology, surface structure and dispersion properties. In this paper, the monodisperse Fe3O4 and Ag nanoparticles were synthesized by focusing on Fe _ 2O _ 4 and Ag, and then coated with inorganic and organic polymers using the surface properties of the initial particles. To develop a new controlled synthesis method of inorganic nanoparticles with novel structure, and to explore its growth mechanism, A new method for the synthesis of Fe _ 2O _ 4 nanoparticles with specific morphology by seeded microemulsion solvothermal system and in situ free-radical initiation polymerization by one-pot method was developed to obtain inorganic / polymer composite structure. Anisotropic Fe3O4 nanocrystals, hexagonal and triangular Fe3O4 nanocrystals, were obtained by oleic acid assisted microemulsion solvothermal method. The anisotropic Fe3O4 nanocrystalline was obtained by the second growth of Fe _ 2O _ 3 nanoparticles, which were dispersed in the microemulsion by using the scale and dispersion properties of Fe _ 2O _ 3 nanoparticles. The triangular and hexagonal nanocrystals of Fe3O4 can be obtained by adjusting the experimental parameters. The formation mechanism of nanocrystals with different morphologies was discussed. The effect of nucleation and growth of nanocrystals and the formation and disappearance of crystal planes on the final morphology of nanocrystals during the growth process induced by crystal defects were studied. The triangular and hexagonal morphologies of the opposite square system inorganic nanoparticles provide a unified and credible explanation. Without any solvent, surfactant or initiator, the catalytic properties of stable free radicals produced in situ during the redox process of carboxyl and noble metal salts, A new method of preparing Ag/ poly (oleic acid) and Ag/ polyundecenoic acid nanostructures by one pot two step method was developed successfully. Taking advantage of the characteristics of oleic acid which contains double bonds and is not easy to be polymerized, it has been used as reducing agent, surfactant, polymeric monomer, and catalytic double bond polymerization to obtain chain polymer coated monodisperse inorganic nanoparticles nanocomposites. The material has special dispersion property and can be changed into two dimensional flake nanocomposite structure by using the weak interaction of chain polymer. This method is widely used in the system of noble metal salts and fatty acids containing unsaturated bonds. By changing the chain length and functional group type of fatty acids, the dispersion properties of the composites can be adjusted and catalyzed. Optics and other fields have potential application value and provide a new idea for the preparation of inorganic / polymer nanomaterials with different dispersion properties.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB383.1
【相似文獻】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 魏瑞雪;單分散納米粒子的表面修飾及機理研究[D];鄭州大學(xué);2015年
，本文編號：2306105
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/cailiaohuaxuelunwen/2306105.html
最近更新
教材專著
