【摘要】：第一章：緒論。對(duì)量子點(diǎn)的性質(zhì)、制備方法、功能性修飾及表征做了簡(jiǎn)要概述；隨后,著重對(duì)石墨烯量子點(diǎn)、硅量子點(diǎn)的制備和應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了敘述,并對(duì)貴金屬鈀納米材料進(jìn)行了描述；最后,對(duì)本論文的立體背景、研究?jī)?nèi)容以及創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了概括性綜述。第二章：石墨烯量子點(diǎn)的制備及應(yīng)用。以檸檬酸和NaOH作原料,采用一步熔融法合成了石墨烯量子點(diǎn)。隨后,使用交聯(lián)劑EDS和NHS將其與1,6-己二胺結(jié)合,得到了氨基化的石墨烯量子點(diǎn),通過(guò)紫外-可見(jiàn)光譜和熒光光譜對(duì)其進(jìn)行表征。利用氨基化的石墨烯量子點(diǎn)對(duì)對(duì)苯二酚進(jìn)行了熒光檢測(cè),線(xiàn)性范圍為1.0×10-7～5.0×10-6mol/L,檢測(cè)限為4.2×10-9mol/L。第三章：石墨烯量子點(diǎn)/鈀納米材料的制備及應(yīng)用。本章以氨基化石墨烯量子點(diǎn)作為支撐材料,制備了石墨烯量子點(diǎn)/鈀納米復(fù)合材料,并通過(guò)紅外光譜、透射電鏡和電化學(xué)對(duì)其進(jìn)行了表征。利用此材料對(duì)甲酸進(jìn)行了電化學(xué)檢測(cè),測(cè)得氧化峰電流與甲酸濃度在一定范圍內(nèi)呈線(xiàn)性關(guān)系,其線(xiàn)性方程為：Ip(A)=3×10-5+0.0696 C (mol/L),線(xiàn)性范圍為：3×10-3～10-2mol/L。第四章：采用微乳法制備了烯丙胺修飾的硅量子點(diǎn)。通過(guò)紫外-可見(jiàn)吸收光譜、熒光光譜和紅外光譜對(duì)其光學(xué)性能進(jìn)行了表征,通過(guò)透射電鏡對(duì)其形貌進(jìn)行了表征,測(cè)得其熒光量子產(chǎn)率為10.06%,熒光壽命為τ1=3.1982 ns,τ2=12.4527 ns。第五章：硅量子點(diǎn)及硅量子點(diǎn)／鈀納米材料的應(yīng)用。依據(jù)硅量子點(diǎn)的光學(xué)性質(zhì),并首次制備了硅量子點(diǎn)支撐鈀納米粒子材料。我們通過(guò)量子點(diǎn)的濃度實(shí)現(xiàn)了鈀納米粒子形貌和尺寸的有效控制。結(jié)果表明我們制備的鈀納米材料具有較好的分散性,在有機(jī)催化和能源轉(zhuǎn)化領(lǐng)域具有潛在的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。并利用烯丙胺修飾的硅量子點(diǎn)對(duì)葡萄糖進(jìn)行了檢測(cè),其線(xiàn)性范圍為1.0×10-4～6.0×10-3 mol/L。第六章,結(jié)論和展望。對(duì)本論文所做的工作和下一步計(jì)劃進(jìn)行了總結(jié),對(duì)本課題的前景做了概括。
[Abstract]:Chapter one: introduction. The properties, preparation methods, functional modification and characterization of quantum dots are briefly reviewed, and then the preparation and application of graphene quantum dots and silicon quantum dots are described, and the noble metal palladium nanomaterials are described. Finally, the paper summarizes the three-dimensional background, research content and innovation. Chapter 2: preparation and application of graphene quantum dots. Graphene quantum dots were synthesized by one step melting method using citric acid and NaOH as raw materials. Subsequently, the amino graphene quantum dots were obtained by using crosslinker EDS and NHS to bind to 1hexanediamine. The QDs were characterized by UV-Vis spectra and fluorescence spectra. The fluorescence detection of hydroquinone was carried out by using amino graphene quantum dots. The linear range was 1.0 脳 10 -7N 5.0 脳 10 -6 mol / L, and the detection limit was 4.2 脳 10 -9 mol / L. Chapter 3: preparation and application of graphene quantum dots / palladium nanomaterials. In this chapter, graphene quantum dots / palladium nanocomposites were prepared and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electrochemistry. The electrochemical detection of formic acid by this material shows that the oxidation peak current is linear with the concentration of formic acid in a certain range, and the linear equation is: Ip (A) = 3 脳 10 ~ (-5) 0.0696 C (mol/L). The linear range is 3 脳 10 ~ (-3) mol / L ~ (-2) mol / L. In chapter 4, allylamine modified silicon quantum dots were prepared by microemulsion method. The optical properties were characterized by UV-Vis absorption spectra, fluorescence spectra and infrared spectra. The morphology of the films was characterized by transmission electron microscope. The fluorescence quantum yield was 10.06 and the fluorescence lifetime was 蟿 1 ~ 3.1982 ns,. 蟿 2n 12.4527 ns. Chapter 5: the application of silicon quantum dots and silicon quantum dots / palladium nanomaterials. Based on the optical properties of silicon quantum dots, the palladium nanoparticles supported by silicon quantum dots were prepared for the first time. We have realized the effective control of the morphology and size of palladium nanoparticles by the concentration of quantum dots. The results show that the palladium nanomaterials prepared by our method have good dispersion and potential applications in organic catalysis and energy conversion. Glucose was detected with allylamine modified silicon quantum dots. The linear range was 1.0 脳 10 ~ (-4) 渭 m ~ (-1) 脳 10 ~ (-3) mol/L.. Chapter VI, conclusions and prospects. This paper summarizes the work done and the next step plan, and summarizes the prospect of this topic.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB383.1

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