【摘要】：氣體傳感器在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)、公共安全、環(huán)境監(jiān)控、醫(yī)學(xué)診斷等領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用廣泛。隨著工業(yè)技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展和人們安全健康意識(shí)的提高,迫切需要發(fā)展先進(jìn)的氣體傳感技術(shù),而高效氣敏材料被視為其中關(guān)鍵。介孔金屬氧化物和石墨烯是兩類非常有應(yīng)用潛力的氣敏材料,基于二者開發(fā)高效的納米復(fù)合氣敏材料具有重要意義。復(fù)合材料的氣敏性質(zhì)不僅與介孔金屬氧化物的介觀結(jié)構(gòu)、骨架成份、表面活性相關(guān),也與石墨烯的尺寸、表面功能基團(tuán)類型與數(shù)量及二者的比例、復(fù)合方式等有密切聯(lián)系,本文對(duì)此做了相關(guān)的研究。采用介孔氧化硅KIT-6為模板,通過納米澆筑法制備了一系列具有不同介觀結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的有序介孔氧化銦,研究了 KIT-6孔尺寸、鍛燒容器開口程度對(duì)氧化銦在KIT-6兩套對(duì)映異構(gòu)孔道里限域生長的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)KIT-6的孔道尺寸較小、煅燒容器開口程度較高時(shí),氧化銦傾向于在其中一套孔道里生長,產(chǎn)生薄孔壁(5 nm)、大孔尺寸(12 nm)的有序介孔氧化銦;當(dāng)KIT-6兩套對(duì)映異構(gòu)的孔道尺寸較大時(shí),氧化銦傾向于同時(shí)在其兩套孔道里生長,產(chǎn)生厚孔壁(9 nm)、小孔尺寸(4nm)的有序介孔氧化銦。薄孔壁、大孔尺寸的有序介孔氧化銦在甲醛氣敏性能測(cè)試中表現(xiàn)出高的敏感度(對(duì)9 ppm甲醛氣體敏感度可達(dá)324),顯著優(yōu)于厚孔壁、小孔尺寸的有序介孔氧化銦。采用超聲輔助混合組裝及溶劑熱還原,制備了一系列介孔氧化銦-石墨烯復(fù)合材料,發(fā)現(xiàn)石墨烯還原程度較高、其加入量為0.01%時(shí),復(fù)合材料對(duì)對(duì)乙醇?xì)怏w具有較高敏感度和選擇性。另外,基于薄孔壁、大孔尺寸介孔氧化銦的復(fù)合材料對(duì)乙醇?xì)怏w的敏感度比基于厚孔壁、小孔尺寸介孔氧化銦的復(fù)合材料更高。采用溶膠凝膠法制備了大孔尺寸(29 nm)的介孔鐵酸鑭以及石墨烯-介孔鐵酸鑭復(fù)合材料,發(fā)現(xiàn)石墨烯的加入顯著改善了其對(duì)甲醛氣體的敏感性能。
[Abstract]:Gas sensors are widely used in industrial production, public safety, environmental monitoring, medical diagnosis and other fields. With the rapid development of industrial technology and the improvement of people's awareness of safety and health, it is urgent to develop advanced gas sensing technology, and high efficiency gas sensing materials are regarded as the key among them. Mesoporous metal oxides and graphene are two kinds of gas sensing materials with great potential for application. It is of great significance to develop high efficiency nanocomposite gas sensing materials based on them. The gas-sensing properties of the composites are not only related to the mesoporous metal oxide mesoscopic structure, skeleton composition, surface activity, but also closely related to the size of graphene, the type and quantity of surface functional groups, the ratio of them, and the recombination mode. This article has done the related research to this. A series of ordered mesoporous indium oxide (indium oxide) with different mesoporous structure parameters were prepared by nano-pouring method using mesoporous silica KIT-6 as template. The pore size of KIT-6 was studied. The effect of the opening degree of calcined vessel on the growth of indium oxide in two sets of diisomeric channels of KIT-6 shows that when the pore size of KIT-6 is smaller and the opening degree of calcined vessel is higher, indium oxide tends to grow in one of the channels. The ordered mesoporous indium oxide with thin pore wall (5 nm), macropore size (12 nm) was produced. When the diisomerism pore size of KIT-6 is larger, indium oxide tends to grow in two channels at the same time to produce ordered mesoporous indium oxide (4nm) with thick pore wall (9 nm), pore size). The ordered mesoporous indium oxide with thin and large pore size shows a high sensitivity in formaldehyde gas sensing test (the sensitivity of 9 ppm formaldehyde gas is up to 324), which is significantly better than that of ordered mesoporous indium oxide with thick pore wall and small pore size. A series of indium oxide graphene mesoporous composites were prepared by ultrasonic assisted mixing assembly and solvothermal reduction. The composite has high sensitivity and selectivity to ethanol gas. In addition, the sensitivity of the composite based on thin pore wall and mesoporous indium oxide with large pore size to ethanol gas is higher than that based on thick pore wall and small pore size indium oxide composite. Macroporous lanthanum ferrate (29 nm) and graphene mesoporous lanthanum ferrate composites were prepared by sol-gel method. It was found that the addition of graphene significantly improved the sensitivity of lanthanum mesoporous ferrate to formaldehyde gas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB332

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本文編號(hào)：2295279