【摘要】：明膠作為一種可降解的生物高分子,因價格便宜、來源豐富無毒、生物相容性好等諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn),被廣泛的應(yīng)用于食品、生物與醫(yī)藥等領(lǐng)域。然而明膠較差的力學(xué)性能一直掣肘著明膠的實(shí)際應(yīng)用。本文以明膠為研究對象,分別采用了兩種納米粒子以及一種高分子材料為原料與明膠復(fù)合,以增強(qiáng)復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能。主要工作主要分為以下三個部分:(1)采用平均尺寸為400 nm的碳模板(OMC)制備尺寸均一的生物活性玻璃。所制備的生物活性玻璃尺寸分布均一,其尺寸大約為300 nm。所制備的生物活性玻璃與明膠復(fù)合能夠大幅提升明膠的力學(xué)性能。所制得的生物活性玻璃具有良好的生物活性,可以有效誘導(dǎo)羥基磷灰石的生成,使得復(fù)合材料在生物材料領(lǐng)域具有較大的應(yīng)用前景。(2)采用冷凍干燥法制備一種可以持續(xù)釋放藥物的載藥埃洛石/明膠復(fù)合材料。制備的支架具有較為優(yōu)良的多孔形貌以及物理學(xué)性能,埃洛石的加入最大可以將明膠材料的壓縮性能提升300%。其力學(xué)性能基本滿足手術(shù)中松質(zhì)骨的應(yīng)用要求。明膠/埃洛石的載藥體系能最多提供一個100小時的藥物釋放時間,相較于純明膠8小時的釋放時間以及埃洛石10小時的釋放時間有著巨大的提升。能有效緩解病人在手術(shù)過程中的痛苦。在細(xì)胞實(shí)驗(yàn)中,MG 63細(xì)胞可以再支架中增殖并依附于支架表面。材料極好的力學(xué)性能以及藥物緩釋能力為其在骨組織工程中的應(yīng)用打下了堅實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。(3)將兩親性嵌段共聚物(PLA-PEG)與明膠材料復(fù)合,通過嵌段共聚物中的親水性基團(tuán)與明膠相互作用,從而起到增加交聯(lián)密度從而增強(qiáng)明膠材料屏蔽性能的作用。復(fù)合材料的屏蔽性能尤其是水蒸氣隔絕性能相較于純的明膠材料得到了一個巨大的提升,水蒸氣透過率相較之于純明膠材料減少了 67%。少量PLA-PEG的添加就對明膠有一個比較明顯的力學(xué)增強(qiáng)效果,在PLA-PEG添加量為5%時,復(fù)合材料得到最高的屈服強(qiáng)度(55 MPa,相較于明膠提高了 189.4%)和模量(2141 MPa,相較于明膠提升了90.5%)。當(dāng)PLA-PEG繼續(xù)加入時,復(fù)合膜材料不僅增強(qiáng)了力學(xué)性能而且還增強(qiáng)了其韌性。而且,其氧氣隔絕性能要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于純的PLA材料且與明膠材料基本相當(dāng)。材料在自然條件中有一個較為適宜的降解時間。是一種環(huán)境友好型的包裝膜材料。同時這一降解性質(zhì)也暗示了其在諸如生物材料的領(lǐng)域的潛在應(yīng)用前景。PLA-PEG/明膠復(fù)合材料具有在食品包裝膜材料中具有潛在的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:As a biodegradable polymer, gelatin has been widely used in many fields such as food, biology and medicine because of its advantages of low price, abundant and non-toxic sources, good biocompatibility and so on. However, the poor mechanical properties of gelatin have been restricting the practical application of gelatin. In order to enhance the mechanical properties of the composite, two kinds of nano-particles and one kind of polymer material were used as raw materials and gelatin as the research object in this paper. The main work consists of the following three parts: (1) the bioactive glass with uniform size was prepared by carbon template (OMC) with an average size of 400 nm. The size distribution of the bioactive glass is uniform, and its size is about 300 nm.. The composite of bioactive glass and gelatin can greatly improve the mechanical properties of gelatin. The bioactive glass has good bioactivity and can effectively induce the formation of hydroxyapatite. The composite materials have great application prospect in the field of biomaterials. (2) A kind of drug-loaded aloxite / gelatin composite can be prepared by freeze-drying method. The prepared scaffolds have excellent porous morphology and physical properties. The compression properties of gelatin materials can be improved by 300% with the addition of Ellosite. Its mechanical properties basically meet the requirements of the application of cancellous bone in surgery. The drug delivery system of gelatin / aloxite can provide up to 100 hours of drug release time, compared with the pure gelatin release time of 8 hours and the release time of Ellostone 10 hours. Can effectively alleviate the patient's pain during the operation. In the cell experiment, MG63 cells can proliferate in the scaffold and adhere to the scaffold surface. The excellent mechanical properties and drug release ability of the materials laid a solid foundation for their application in bone tissue engineering. (3) Amphiphilic block copolymers (PLA-PEG) were combined with gelatin materials. Through the interaction between hydrophilic groups and gelatin in block copolymers, the cross-linking density is increased and the shielding properties of gelatin materials are enhanced. Compared with the pure gelatin, the shielding performance of the composite, especially the water vapor isolation, is greatly improved, and the water vapor transmittance decreases by 67% compared with that of the pure gelatin. The addition of a small amount of PLA-PEG had an obvious mechanical strengthening effect on gelatin. When the content of PLA-PEG was 5, the composite obtained the highest yield strength (55 MPa, increased by 189.4% compared with gelatin) and the modulus (2141 MPa, increased 90.5% compared with gelatin). When PLA-PEG continues to be added, the composite membrane material not only enhances the mechanical properties but also enhances its toughness. Moreover, its oxygen isolation performance is much higher than pure PLA material and is basically equivalent to gelatin material. The material has a more suitable degradation time in natural conditions. It is an environmental friendly packaging film material. At the same time, this degradation property also indicates that the potential application prospect of PLA-PEG / gelatin composite in the field of biomaterials such as biomaterials has a potential application prospect in food packaging film materials.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB332

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