【摘要】：隨著電子工業(yè)技術(shù)的高速發(fā)展,電磁污染日益嚴(yán)重,同時伴隨隱身技術(shù)對材料吸波性能需求的提高,開發(fā)新型質(zhì)輕、頻寬和吸收強(qiáng)的吸波材料越來越重要。本文采用的是化學(xué)鍍的方法,該技術(shù)以其工藝簡便、節(jié)能、環(huán)保日益受到人們廣泛的關(guān)注。為了探究新型高性能的吸波材料,本文主要在三種不同基體材料(高嶺土、碳納米管和大腸桿菌)復(fù)合納米金屬涂層,即在高嶺土表面、碳納米管表面鍍覆Co-P涂層和在大腸桿菌表面鍍覆純金屬Co涂層。首先在經(jīng)過前期處理過后的高嶺土進(jìn)行表面鍍覆Co-P層,對獲得的涂層進(jìn)行SEM、XRD、EDS和網(wǎng)絡(luò)矢量分析儀表征。其次對碳納米管進(jìn)行化學(xué)鍍,首先要對其進(jìn)行前處理,包括去膠、除油、粗化,之后在進(jìn)行活化、敏化和還原,對獲得Co-P層包覆碳納米管的微觀形貌、晶體結(jié)構(gòu)、成分和電磁參數(shù)進(jìn)行表征。最后在大腸桿菌表面進(jìn)行化學(xué)鍍,同樣對其進(jìn)行前處理過后,在鍍液中施鍍,對獲得的純Co包覆大腸桿菌的樣品進(jìn)行微觀形貌、晶體結(jié)構(gòu)、成分和電磁參數(shù)進(jìn)行表征。由實驗結(jié)果表明:在高嶺土表面化學(xué)鍍之后,由EDS和XRD可知表面成功鍍覆了一層Co-P層。由磁滯回線可知,XK/Co-P的飽和磁化強(qiáng)度和矯頑力分別為25.04A·m2·kg-1和1652.35A·m-1。并且由電磁性能可知,其在頻率為6GHz左右,其中XK/Co-P的反射損耗達(dá)到了-10dB左右,表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)良的吸波性能。主要原因可能是層片狀的高嶺土相比團(tuán)聚狀的高嶺土表面吸附更多的Co-P涂層,表現(xiàn)出良好的吸波性能。由TEM可知在CNTs表面上制備了厚度為2.95nm的均勻Co-P涂層,同時可知,中空厚度為4.12nm,壁厚為3.88nm。由反射損耗與頻率的變化關(guān)系可知,隨著匹配厚度的增加,吸波頻寬降低,吸收峰增強(qiáng)。當(dāng)匹配厚度為2.5mm的時候,其反射損耗值為-20dB左右。對純Co包覆大腸桿菌實驗中,由EDS和面掃結(jié)果可知水合肼成功還原了鍍液當(dāng)中的Co~(2+),得到了純Co的涂層。由TEM和相應(yīng)的線掃結(jié)果可知Co涂層的厚度是均勻的。在電磁吸波性能方面,當(dāng)匹配厚度為2.0mm時,其相對應(yīng)的反射損耗為-29dB,對于電磁波的吸收得到了將近95%以上。而且隨著匹配厚度的增加,吸收峰往低頻方向遷移,表現(xiàn)出較強(qiáng)的吸波性能。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of electronic industry, electromagnetic pollution is becoming more and more serious, and with the improvement of absorbing performance of materials by stealth technology, it is more and more important to develop new absorbing materials of light weight, wide frequency and strong absorption. This paper adopts the method of electroless plating, which has been paid more and more attention for its simple process, energy saving and environmental protection. In order to explore new high performance microwave absorbing materials, three different matrix materials (kaolin, carbon nanotube and Escherichia coli) were used as composite metal coatings, that is, on the surface of kaolin, carbon nanotubes and Escherichia coli. Carbon nanotubes were coated with Co-P coating and Escherichia coli with pure metal Co coating. Firstly, the surface of kaolin was coated with Co-P layer, and the obtained coating was characterized by SEM,XRD,EDS and network vector analyzer. Secondly, the carbon nanotubes were chemically plated. The carbon nanotubes were pretreated, including degumming, deoiling, coarsening, activation, sensitization and reduction, and the microstructure and crystal structure of the carbon nanotubes coated with Co-P layer were obtained. The composition and electromagnetic parameters were characterized. Finally, electroless plating was carried out on the surface of Escherichia coli. After pretreatment, the samples coated with pure Co were characterized by micromorphology, crystal structure, composition and electromagnetic parameters. The experimental results show that after electroless plating on the surface of kaolin, a layer of Co-P is successfully deposited on the surface of the kaolin by EDS and XRD. According to the hysteresis loop, the saturation magnetization and coercivity of XK / Co-P are 25.04A m2 kg-1 and 1652.35 A m-1, respectively. According to the electromagnetic performance, the frequency is about 6GHz, and the reflection loss of XK/Co-P is about -10dB, which shows excellent absorbing performance. The main reason may be that the lamellar kaolin adsorbs more Co-P coating on the surface of agglomerated kaolin and shows good wave absorption performance. The uniform Co-P coating with a thickness of 2.95nm was prepared on the surface of CNTs by TEM, and the hollow thickness was 4.12 nm and the wall thickness was 3.88 nm. According to the relation between reflection loss and frequency, with the increase of matching thickness, the absorption band width decreases and the absorption peak increases. When the matching thickness is 2.5mm, the reflection loss is about -20 dB. In the experiment of coating Escherichia coli with pure Co, the results of EDS and surface scan show that hydrazine hydrate has successfully reduced Co~ (2) in the bath and obtained the coating of pure Co. The results of TEM and linear sweep show that the thickness of Co coating is uniform. In the aspect of electromagnetic absorbing performance, when the matching thickness is 2.0mm, the corresponding reflection loss is -29 dB, and the absorption of electromagnetic wave is more than 95%. Moreover, with the increase of matching thickness, the absorption peak shifts to the low frequency direction, showing strong absorbing performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB306

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