【摘要】：為了解決地聚物多孔材料輕質與高強難以取得一致性的問題,本文以工業(yè)廢渣粉煤灰、礦渣、鋼渣等為主要原料,水玻璃為激發(fā)劑,雙氧水為發(fā)泡劑,利用化學發(fā)泡法分別對粉煤灰基地聚物多孔材料、粉煤灰-礦渣地聚物多孔材料、粉煤灰-礦渣-鋼渣地聚物多孔材料這三種體系的多孔材料進行了輕質高強的制備技術及其性能研究。本文首先采用了正交試驗方法,通過調節(jié)水玻璃摻量、水玻璃模數(shù)、養(yǎng)護溫度、養(yǎng)護時間等因素制備出抗壓強度高達44.38MPa的粉煤灰基地聚物材料,在此基礎上,以高強度,低表觀密度作為目標值,采用雙氧水發(fā)泡,對影響粉煤灰基地聚物多孔材料表觀密度和強度等因素進行了試驗研究,對雙氧水發(fā)泡劑及輔助穩(wěn)泡材料等進行了優(yōu)選,制備出粉煤灰基地聚物多孔材料。試驗結果表明:當H2O2摻量為2.0%,硬脂酸鈣摻量為1.0%,MnO2摻量為0.3%,制備出的粉煤灰基地聚物多孔材料抗壓強度為1.52MPa、表觀密度為510kg/m3。其次,利用超細礦渣粉的獨特性,將粉煤灰/礦渣比例作為影響因素,對粉煤灰/礦渣比例進行優(yōu)選試驗研究,制備出粉煤灰-礦渣地聚物多孔材料。試驗結果表明:當粉煤灰/礦渣比例為1∶1,H2O2摻量為2.0%,硬脂酸鈣摻量為1.0%,Mn O2摻量為0.3%,制備出的粉煤灰-礦渣地聚物多孔材料抗壓強度達到5.9MPa、表觀密度為557kg/m3。最后,將粉煤灰、礦渣、鋼渣進行復合,采用了均勻設計試驗方法,對影響粉煤灰-礦渣-鋼渣地聚物多孔材料表觀密度和強度等因素進行試驗研究,對粉煤灰/礦渣/鋼渣復合比例、雙氧水發(fā)泡劑及輔助穩(wěn)泡材料等進行了優(yōu)選,制備出粉煤灰-礦渣-鋼渣地聚物多孔材料。試驗結果表明:當粉煤灰/礦渣/鋼渣比例為1∶3∶1,H2O2摻量2.5%,硬脂酸鈣摻量0.5%,MnO2摻量為0.5%,可制備出抗壓強度達到5.1MPa、表觀密度為650kg/m3的粉煤灰-礦渣-鋼渣地聚物多孔材料。另外,采用壓汞儀、XRD、SEM、低場核磁共振技術等微觀測試手段對地聚物多孔材料進行了微觀試驗研究,并分析了地聚物多孔材料的抗壓強度和表觀密度與孔結構之間的關系。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem that it is difficult to achieve consistency between light weight and high strength of polymer porous materials, the industrial waste slag, fly ash, slag and steel slag are used as main raw materials, water glass as activator, hydrogen peroxide as foaming agent, etc. By chemical foaming method, the porous materials of fly ash base polymer and fly ash slag polymer were studied. The preparation technology and properties of three kinds of porous materials, fly ash, slag and steel slag polymer, were studied in this paper. In this paper, firstly, orthogonal test method is used to prepare fly ash base polymer materials with compressive strength of up to 44.38MPa by adjusting water glass content, water glass modulus, curing temperature, curing time and so on. On this basis, high strength is obtained. As the target value, the factors affecting the apparent density and strength of porous materials based on fly ash, such as hydrogen peroxide foaming agent and auxiliary foam stabilizer, were studied. The porous material of fly ash base polymer was prepared. The experimental results show that when the content of H2O2 is 2.0 and calcium stearate is 1.0 and MNO _ 2 is 0.3, the compressive strength and apparent density of the porous material are 1.52MPa and 510kg / m3 respectively. Secondly, by using the particularity of ultrafine slag powder and taking the ratio of fly ash / slag as the influencing factor, the optimum selection of the ratio of fly ash and slag is studied, and the porous material of flyash and slag aggregates is prepared. The experimental results show that when the ratio of fly ash to slag is 1: 1 and H2O2 is 2.0, calcium stearate is 1.0 and mn O _ 2 is 0.3, the compressive strength of the prepared porous material is 5.9 MPA, and the apparent density is 557 kg / m ~ 3. Finally, the factors affecting the apparent density and strength of porous materials such as fly ash, slag and steel slag were studied by uniform design test method. The composite ratio of fly ash / slag / steel slag, hydrogen peroxide foaming agent and auxiliary foaming material were selected to prepare the porous material of fly ash, slag and steel slag. The experimental results show that when the ratio of fly ash to slag / steel slag is 1: 3: 1H _ 2O _ 2 2.5, calcium stearate 0.5 and MnO2 0.5, the compressive strength is 5.1 MPA and the apparent density is 650kg/m3, the porous material of fly-ash, slag and steel slag geopolymer can be prepared. In addition, the microcosmic test of polymer porous materials was carried out by means of mercury porosimeter XRDX SEM and low field nuclear magnetic resonance technique. The relationship between compressive strength, apparent density and pore structure of polymer porous materials was analyzed.
【學位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB383.4

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