【摘要】：陶瓷材料有優(yōu)良的綜合力學(xué)性能,但脆性大是它的最大缺點(diǎn),為了解決脆性問題,碳納米管和納米顆粒補(bǔ)強(qiáng)是陶瓷材料增韌強(qiáng)化的重要途徑。本文擬利用熱力學(xué)和多尺度連續(xù)介質(zhì)力學(xué)理論,對碳納米管、納米顆粒及其雙相混和增強(qiáng)陶瓷基復(fù)合材料的熱力耦合性能展開分析和研究,分別討論碳納米管、納米顆粒及其協(xié)同作用對陶瓷材料補(bǔ)強(qiáng)增韌效果的影響。首先,發(fā)展球狀納米顆粒隨機(jī)生成和投放的技術(shù),并擴(kuò)展運(yùn)用到隨機(jī)碳納米管情況,建立不同體積比的碳納米管、納米顆粒及其混合隨機(jī)分布二維和三維有限元模型�？紤]溫度變化并結(jié)合熱力學(xué)理論,分析陶瓷基復(fù)合材料的熱膨脹系數(shù)和熱殘余應(yīng)力等熱力學(xué)性能,將結(jié)果與經(jīng)典理論方法結(jié)果比較,證明所建模型的可靠性�；谏鲜鲭S機(jī)生成和投放技術(shù)建立的模型,用多尺度漸近均質(zhì)化法分析無損情況下碳納米管增強(qiáng)陶瓷基復(fù)合材料和納米顆粒增強(qiáng)陶瓷基復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性質(zhì),分別討論增強(qiáng)相體積比和彈性模量變化對復(fù)合材料有效力學(xué)性能的影響,并用經(jīng)典的Mori-Tanaka理論驗(yàn)證均質(zhì)化法的有效性�？紤]含界面脫粘損傷的情況,利用同樣方法分析碳納米管增強(qiáng)陶瓷基復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性質(zhì),討論界面脫粘長度對復(fù)合材料有效力學(xué)性能的影響。隨后,進(jìn)一步分析陶瓷基復(fù)合材料降溫冷卻過程中的熱力學(xué)性能。利用彈性力學(xué)方法推導(dǎo)出碳納米管增強(qiáng)陶瓷復(fù)合材料特征體積單元的徑向、切向和軸向熱殘余應(yīng)力的理論計(jì)算方法,并和有限元結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比,均能較好吻合;利用經(jīng)典理論方法預(yù)測復(fù)合材料的有效熱膨脹系數(shù),對比驗(yàn)證所建模型的可靠性;分別討論碳納米管的熱膨脹系數(shù)、彈性模量、體積分?jǐn)?shù)、長徑比和溫度差等因素的變化對復(fù)合材料熱殘余應(yīng)力和有效熱膨脹系數(shù)等熱力學(xué)性能的影響,為陶瓷基復(fù)合材料的設(shè)計(jì)提供一定的依據(jù)。最后,綜合運(yùn)用斷裂力學(xué)和損傷力學(xué)理論,用ANSYS建立含界面損傷碳納米管增強(qiáng)陶瓷基復(fù)合材料的內(nèi)聚力模型。分析存在界面損傷時(shí)復(fù)合材料的界面損傷曲線和應(yīng)力分布狀況,分別討論最大法向接觸拉伸應(yīng)力和裂紋最大張開位移對復(fù)合材料界面損傷過程的影響。
[Abstract]:Ceramic materials have excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, but the brittleness is its biggest disadvantage. In order to solve the problem of brittleness, carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles reinforcement is an important way to toughen and strengthen ceramic materials. The thermo-mechanical coupling properties of matrix composites are analyzed and studied. The effects of carbon nanotubes, nanoparticles and their synergistic effects on the toughening and reinforcing effect of ceramic materials are discussed. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional finite element models with random distribution of nanoparticles and their mixtures are developed. The thermal expansion coefficients and thermal residual stresses of ceramic matrix composites are analyzed by considering temperature variations and combining with thermodynamic theory. The results are compared with those of classical theory and method, and the reliability of the model is proved. The mechanical properties of carbon nanotube reinforced ceramic matrix composites and nano-particle reinforced ceramic matrix composites under nondestructive loading were analyzed by the multi-scale asymptotic homogenization method. The effects of volume ratio of reinforcing phase and elastic modulus on the effective mechanical properties of the composites were discussed respectively. The classical Mori-Tanaka theory was used to test the mechanical properties of the composites. Considering the interfacial debonding damage, the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube reinforced ceramic matrix composites are analyzed by the same method, and the effect of interfacial debonding length on the effective mechanical properties of the composites is discussed. The theoretical calculation methods of radial, tangential and axial thermal residual stresses of the characteristic volume units of carbon nanotube reinforced ceramic composites are derived by elastic mechanics method, and the results are in good agreement with those of finite element method. The effects of the thermal expansion coefficient, elastic modulus, volume fraction, aspect ratio and temperature difference of carbon nanotubes on the thermal residual stress and effective thermal expansion coefficient of the composites were discussed, which provided a basis for the design of ceramic matrix composites. In this paper, the cohesion model of carbon nanotube reinforced ceramic matrix composites with interfacial damage is established by ANSYS. The interfacial damage curve and stress distribution of the composites with interfacial damage are analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB332

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