【摘要】：陶瓷材料有優(yōu)良的綜合力學性能,但脆性大是它的最大缺點,為了解決脆性問題,碳納米管和納米顆粒補強是陶瓷材料增韌強化的重要途徑。本文擬利用熱力學和多尺度連續(xù)介質力學理論,對碳納米管、納米顆粒及其雙相混和增強陶瓷基復合材料的熱力耦合性能展開分析和研究,分別討論碳納米管、納米顆粒及其協(xié)同作用對陶瓷材料補強增韌效果的影響。首先,發(fā)展球狀納米顆粒隨機生成和投放的技術,并擴展運用到隨機碳納米管情況,建立不同體積比的碳納米管、納米顆粒及其混合隨機分布二維和三維有限元模型�？紤]溫度變化并結合熱力學理論,分析陶瓷基復合材料的熱膨脹系數和熱殘余應力等熱力學性能,將結果與經典理論方法結果比較,證明所建模型的可靠性�；谏鲜鲭S機生成和投放技術建立的模型,用多尺度漸近均質化法分析無損情況下碳納米管增強陶瓷基復合材料和納米顆粒增強陶瓷基復合材料的力學性質,分別討論增強相體積比和彈性模量變化對復合材料有效力學性能的影響,并用經典的Mori-Tanaka理論驗證均質化法的有效性�？紤]含界面脫粘損傷的情況,利用同樣方法分析碳納米管增強陶瓷基復合材料的力學性質,討論界面脫粘長度對復合材料有效力學性能的影響。隨后,進一步分析陶瓷基復合材料降溫冷卻過程中的熱力學性能。利用彈性力學方法推導出碳納米管增強陶瓷復合材料特征體積單元的徑向、切向和軸向熱殘余應力的理論計算方法,并和有限元結果進行對比,均能較好吻合;利用經典理論方法預測復合材料的有效熱膨脹系數,對比驗證所建模型的可靠性;分別討論碳納米管的熱膨脹系數、彈性模量、體積分數、長徑比和溫度差等因素的變化對復合材料熱殘余應力和有效熱膨脹系數等熱力學性能的影響,為陶瓷基復合材料的設計提供一定的依據。最后,綜合運用斷裂力學和損傷力學理論,用ANSYS建立含界面損傷碳納米管增強陶瓷基復合材料的內聚力模型。分析存在界面損傷時復合材料的界面損傷曲線和應力分布狀況,分別討論最大法向接觸拉伸應力和裂紋最大張開位移對復合材料界面損傷過程的影響。
[Abstract]:Ceramic materials have excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, but the brittleness is its biggest disadvantage. In order to solve the problem of brittleness, carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles reinforcement is an important way to toughen and strengthen ceramic materials. The thermo-mechanical coupling properties of matrix composites are analyzed and studied. The effects of carbon nanotubes, nanoparticles and their synergistic effects on the toughening and reinforcing effect of ceramic materials are discussed. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional finite element models with random distribution of nanoparticles and their mixtures are developed. The thermal expansion coefficients and thermal residual stresses of ceramic matrix composites are analyzed by considering temperature variations and combining with thermodynamic theory. The results are compared with those of classical theory and method, and the reliability of the model is proved. The mechanical properties of carbon nanotube reinforced ceramic matrix composites and nano-particle reinforced ceramic matrix composites under nondestructive loading were analyzed by the multi-scale asymptotic homogenization method. The effects of volume ratio of reinforcing phase and elastic modulus on the effective mechanical properties of the composites were discussed respectively. The classical Mori-Tanaka theory was used to test the mechanical properties of the composites. Considering the interfacial debonding damage, the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube reinforced ceramic matrix composites are analyzed by the same method, and the effect of interfacial debonding length on the effective mechanical properties of the composites is discussed. The theoretical calculation methods of radial, tangential and axial thermal residual stresses of the characteristic volume units of carbon nanotube reinforced ceramic composites are derived by elastic mechanics method, and the results are in good agreement with those of finite element method. The effects of the thermal expansion coefficient, elastic modulus, volume fraction, aspect ratio and temperature difference of carbon nanotubes on the thermal residual stress and effective thermal expansion coefficient of the composites were discussed, which provided a basis for the design of ceramic matrix composites. In this paper, the cohesion model of carbon nanotube reinforced ceramic matrix composites with interfacial damage is established by ANSYS. The interfacial damage curve and stress distribution of the composites with interfacial damage are analyzed.
【學位授予單位】：華南理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB332

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