【摘要】：隨著微小型衛(wèi)星的迅速發(fā)展,用于微小衛(wèi)星姿軌控的微推進技術(shù)成為研究熱點。本文針對固體化學微推進器點火橋與推進劑點火匹配性以及微裝藥方法需求,完成了以下主要研究工作：在充分了解納米鋁熱劑的制備、表征方法和主要應(yīng)用的基礎(chǔ)上,挑選出四種有發(fā)展前景的納米鋁熱劑Al/Bi2O3、Al/CuO、Al/Fe2O3和Al/MoO3,再通過它們的熱性能,點火性能和燃燒性能進行進一步分析,篩選出兼顧點火可靠性、安全性與高比沖的納米鋁熱劑Al/CuO。通過常溫固相法制備合成納米Al/CuO中的CuO,在通過超聲共混法制備納米Al/CuO,并對其結(jié)構(gòu)和點火性能進行表征,實驗結(jié)果表明固相法合成的CuO粒徑在100nnm左右,性能比較活潑,與納米Al粉在超聲共混法下兩種納米粒子相互包覆,混合均勻,并比較了固相法合成的納米CuO與普通納米CuO與相同納米A1粉制備的納米鋁熱劑的性能,結(jié)果表明,用固相法合成的納米CuO制備的納米鋁熱劑反應(yīng)活性大,用其制備的納米鋁熱劑燃燒較穩(wěn)定。將噴墨打印和濕法壓裝相結(jié)合進一步優(yōu)化微裝藥方法,有效提高了裝藥密度,研究了NC、PVB和GAP三種含能油墨載體對裝藥效果的影響和裝藥后點火燃燒性能的影響,優(yōu)選出NC最適合用作含能油墨的載體。初步研究了電泳沉積法制備納米Al/CuO,結(jié)果表明,電泳沉積是一種新穎的制備納米鋁熱劑的方法。同時,該方法最大的優(yōu)勢在于沉積的納米鋁熱劑形狀與電極基底一致性較好,有望用于微尺度異型結(jié)構(gòu)的裝藥。利用噴墨打印裝藥實現(xiàn)了微推進器陣列裝藥,并研究鋁熱劑Φ值、含能油墨載體含量以及原料粒徑對微孔中納米鋁熱劑的激光點火燃燒性能,實驗結(jié)果表明鋁熱劑最優(yōu)Φ值為1.6,載體NC含量最優(yōu)為7.5%,在最優(yōu)的配方多次噴墨打印微孔裝藥藥劑燃燒產(chǎn)生的沖量約為145μ,N.s。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of micro-satellites, micro-propulsion technology for micro-satellite attitude-orbit control has become a research hotspot. In order to meet the requirements of matching the ignition bridge of solid chemical micropropeller with propellant ignition and the method of micro-charge, the following main research work has been accomplished in this paper: on the basis of fully understanding the preparation, characterization methods and main applications of nano-aluminothermic agents, Four promising nano-aluminotherms, Al/Bi2O3,Al/CuO,Al/Fe2O3 and Al/MoO3, were selected for further analysis through their thermal properties, ignition properties and combustion properties, and the nano-aluminothermic agents Al/CuO., which considered the ignition reliability, safety and high specific impact, were selected for further analysis. The CuO, of nanometer Al/CuO was prepared by solid state method at room temperature. The structure and ignition properties of Al/CuO, were characterized by ultrasonic blending method. The experimental results showed that the size of CuO synthesized by solid phase method was about 100nnm, and the properties of CuO were active. The nano-aluminotherms prepared by solid phase synthesis of nanometer CuO and ordinary nanometer CuO and the same nano-Al powder were compared with each other by ultrasonic blending method. The results showed that the properties of nano-aluminotherms prepared by solid phase method were compared with those of nano-particles prepared by solid phase method. Nanocrystalline aluminotherms prepared by solid phase CuO have high reaction activity, and the combustion of nanocrystalline aluminotherms prepared by nanocrystalline aluminotherms is stable. The combination of inkjet printing and wet pressing can improve the charge density effectively. The influence of three kinds of energetic ink carriers, NC,PVB and GAP, on the charge effect and the ignition and combustion performance after charge are studied. NC is the most suitable carrier for energetic ink. The results of electrophoretic deposition showed that electrophoretic deposition was a novel method for preparing nanocrystalline aluminotherms. At the same time, the advantage of this method is that the shape of the deposited nano-aluminothermic agent is consistent with the electrode substrate, and it is expected to be used in the charge of microscale heterogeneous structure. The micro propeller array charge was realized by ink-jet printing charge, and the combustion properties of Aluminothermic agent 桅, the content of energetic ink carrier and the particle size of raw material to the laser ignition of nano-aluminothermic agent in the micropore were studied. The experimental results show that the optimum 桅 value of the aluminothermic agent is 1.6, the NC content of the carrier is 7.5, and the impulse produced by the combustion of the microporous charge in the optimum formulation is about 145 渭 n 路s.
【學位授予單位】：南京理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB383.1;V51

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本文編號：2219624