【摘要】：玉米醇溶蛋白(zein)是通過濕法生產(chǎn)的副產(chǎn)物玉米蛋白粉中提取的醇溶蛋白,具有良好的成膜性,主要應用在食品包裝,生物醫(yī)藥活性包裝,藥物緩釋材料等方面。聚乳酸(PLA)其分子式為[CH(CH3)CO]n-,是一種可降解類的高分子材料,具有生物降解性,生物相容性,生物再生性等優(yōu)點。低溫等離子體(DBD)是通過激烈的撞擊使得氣體分子發(fā)生電離,這時物質就變成激發(fā)態(tài)的自由電子或帶電離子組成的混合物,低溫等離子體技術常用于材料表面改性。本課題主要是通過將玉米醇溶蛋白溶于80%的乙醇水溶液,澆鑄成膜后,通過低溫等離子體對玉米醇溶蛋白膜進行改性,經(jīng)不同處理功率(30W、50W、70W)低溫等離子體處理后,測定薄膜表觀形貌、熱學性質、機械性質及薄膜應用性質包括水蒸氣透過率、親水性。然后根據(jù)低溫等離子體改性技術對玉米醇溶蛋白膜改性后,薄膜的疏水性降低,接下來的實驗通過運用低溫等離子體的接枝改性作用,對玉米醇溶蛋白膜接枝聚乳酸提高薄膜疏水性,并研究接枝改性后薄膜的性質變化。結果表明玉米醇溶蛋白膜表面粗糙,整體完整;處理后薄膜表面親水性明顯提高,接觸角大小隨處理功率的增加由65.37°下降到45.71° ;斷裂時的拉伸強度和斷裂伸長率沒有顯著變化;水蒸氣透過率由4.57×10-8g·m/m2·h·Pa降低到3.55×10-8 g·m/m2·h·Pa;變性焓變化不明顯;原子力顯微鏡觀測顯示等離子體處理增加,表面粗糙程度增加,均方根粗糙度由3.45 nm增加到75 nm;紅外光譜和X射線衍射譜圖分析表明等離子體處理使蛋白質的有序程度降低。通過單因素正交試驗,確定了玉米醇溶蛋白膜接枝聚乳酸的工藝條件,接枝前處理功率50W、接枝聚乳酸濃度0.6g/L、接枝時間30min時薄膜的疏水性較好,通過正交試驗發(fā)現(xiàn),接枝時間對改性后薄膜的疏水性具有明顯的提高。在外界濕度條件變化大的情況下,改性薄膜性質穩(wěn)定。通過其機械性研究分析顯示,改性后薄膜的抗拉強度沒有明顯變化,但薄膜的可塑性提高。通過DSC、TGA,熱特性結果分析顯示,改性后薄膜的熱降解穩(wěn)定提高。通過掃描電鏡(SEM)斷面觀察顯示出二者在低溫等離子體的作用下,接枝聚乳酸時間在30min以上時接合緊密,斷面呈均一一致狀態(tài)。傅里葉紅外光譜(FT-IR)及X射線衍射光譜(XRD)結果從微觀角度證明了二者在結構上發(fā)生反應,顯示玉米醇溶蛋白膜及聚乳酸在低溫等離子體的作用下具有很好的接合。通過調節(jié)等離子體處理功率可以明顯改善玉米醇溶蛋白膜的表面親水性及粗糙程度,為進一步研究玉米醇溶蛋白膜應用性質提供基礎。
[Abstract]:Zein (zein), a by-product extracted from corn protein powder produced by wet process, has good film-forming properties. It is mainly used in food packaging, biomedical active packaging, drug delivery materials and so on. Polylactic acid (PLA), whose molecular formula is [CH (CH3) CO] n-, is a biodegradable polymer material with the advantages of biodegradability, biocompatibility and bioregeneration. Low temperature plasma (DBD) is a mixture of free electrons or charged ions in the excited state, which is ionization of gas molecules by intense impact. Low temperature plasma technology is often used to modify the surface of materials. In this paper, Zein was dissolved in 80% ethanol solution, then cast into film, then modified by low temperature plasma, and treated by low temperature plasma with different treatment power (30W, 50W, 70W). The surface morphology, thermal properties, mechanical properties and application properties of the films include water vapor transmittance and hydrophilicity. Then the hydrophobicity of corn gliadin film was reduced after modified by low temperature plasma, and then the graft modification of low temperature plasma was used to modify the film. The hydrophobicity of polylactic acid grafted with Zein film was improved and the properties of the modified film were studied. The results showed that the surface of Zein film was rough and intact, the hydrophilicity of the film was obviously increased after treatment, the contact angle decreased from 65.37 擄to 45.71 擄with the increase of treatment power, and the tensile strength and elongation at break did not change significantly. The water vapor transmittance decreased from 4.57 脳 10 ~ (-8) g m/m2 h Pa to 3.55 脳 10 ~ (-8) g m/m2 h Pa; 's denaturation enthalpy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed that the surface roughness increased with the increase of plasma treatment. The RMS roughness increased from 3.45 nm to 75 nm; IR spectra and X-ray diffraction spectra. The results showed that plasma treatment reduced the order of protein. Through single factor orthogonal experiment, the technological conditions of grafting polylactic acid with Zein film were determined. The pretreatment power was 50 W, the concentration of graft polylactic acid was 0.6 g / L, and the grafting time was 30min. The hydrophobicity of the film was found by orthogonal test. The grafting time improved the hydrophobicity of the modified films. The properties of the modified film are stable under the condition of large change of external humidity. The mechanical analysis shows that the tensile strength of the modified film does not change obviously, but the plasticity of the film is improved. The results of DSC,TGA, thermal analysis showed that the thermal degradation of the modified films was improved steadily. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) (SEM) cross-section observation showed that when the time of grafting polylactic acid was higher than 30min, the grafting time was close and the cross section was homogeneous and consistent under the action of low temperature plasma. The results of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra show that the structure of Zein film and polylactic acid are well bonded under the action of low temperature plasma. The surface hydrophilicity and roughness of Zein film can be improved obviously by adjusting plasma treatment power, which provides a basis for further study on the application properties of Zein film.
【學位授予單位】：天津科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB383.2

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