【摘要】：在信息技術迅速發(fā)展的時代,大量電子設備被廣泛應用,與此同時會產生大量電磁波輻射,從而嚴重影響人們的正常生活,因此,對吸波材料的研究具有非常重要的實際意義。運用吸波材料不僅能夠減少電磁波對人類的傷害,而且在武器裝備方面可以彌補隱身方面的不足,增強軍隊的作戰(zhàn)能力。由于影響吸波材料吸波性能的因素較多,研究過程中需要克服很多困難,僅僅依靠傳統(tǒng)的方法和實驗已經(jīng)無法滿足日益增長的科研需要。因此,應用計算機輔助研究可以減少實驗的盲目性、節(jié)約成本、提高研究的效率。本文引入傳輸線理論方法對電損耗型吸波劑和磁損耗型吸波劑的理想電磁參數(shù)區(qū)域進行了模擬研究,并通過制備PANI/Fe_3O_4納米復合材料對模擬結果進行驗證。以電損耗型吸波劑為研究基礎,根據(jù)傳輸線理論模擬獲得給定條件下的復介電常數(shù)的理想電磁參數(shù)區(qū)域,預測吸波劑在不同頻段下的吸波性能并找到吸波劑改性的方向。并考察厚度(d)、頻率(f)、反射率(R)等因素對理想電磁參數(shù)區(qū)域的影響。用硬模板法制備得到了平均粒徑約為800 nm的PANI中空微球,通過矢量網(wǎng)絡分析儀測試其電磁參數(shù)。將測試的結果與模擬結果相結合進行分析,找到提高電損耗型PANI電磁參數(shù)的方向進行改性,以提高其吸波性能。同樣的道理得到了磁損耗型吸波劑復磁導率的理想電磁參數(shù)區(qū)域,并分析厚度(d)、頻率(f)、反射率(R)等因素對理想電磁參數(shù)區(qū)域的影響。研究結果表明,純的PANI具有較高的電損耗而磁損耗較低,電磁匹配程度較差,吸波性能不理想。結合模擬結果和實驗數(shù)據(jù)得到改善PANI電磁匹配特性的方向是提高其磁損耗的能力,在中空結構PANI表面負載Fe_3O_4后,復合材料的介電損耗降低,磁損耗增加,使得介電損耗角正切(tanδε)和磁損耗角正切(tanδμ)相接近,電磁匹配特性得到改善,上述實驗結論與模擬結果相吻合。
[Abstract]:In the era of rapid development of information technology, a large number of electronic devices are widely used, at the same time will produce a large number of electromagnetic wave radiation, which seriously affect the normal life of people, therefore, the study of wave absorbing materials has very important practical significance. The use of absorbing materials can not only reduce the harm of electromagnetic waves to human beings, but also make up for the invisibility in weapon and equipment, and enhance the combat capability of the army. Because there are many factors that affect the absorbing properties of microwave absorbing materials, many difficulties need to be overcome in the research process, and the traditional methods and experiments alone can not meet the increasing scientific research needs. Therefore, the application of computer aided research can reduce the blindness of experiments, save cost and improve the efficiency of research. In this paper, the transmission line theory is introduced to simulate the ideal electromagnetic parameters of the electric loss absorbers and magnetic loss absorbers, and the simulation results are verified by the preparation of PANI/Fe_3O_4 nanocomposites. Based on the theory of transmission line, the ideal electromagnetic parameters of complex dielectric constant under given conditions are obtained by using the theory of transmission line. The absorbing performance of the absorber in different frequency bands is predicted and the direction of modification of the absorber is found. The influence of thickness (d), frequency (f), reflectivity (R) and other factors on the region of ideal electromagnetic parameters was investigated. PANI hollow microspheres with an average diameter of about 800 nm were prepared by hard template method and their electromagnetic parameters were measured by vector network analyzer. Based on the analysis of the test results and the simulation results, the direction of improving the electromagnetic parameters of PANI with electric loss is found to improve its absorbing performance. In the same way, the ideal electromagnetic parameter region of complex permeability of magnetic loss absorber is obtained, and the influence of thickness (d), frequency (f), reflectivity (R) on the ideal electromagnetic parameter region is analyzed. The results show that pure PANI has high loss, low magnetic loss, poor electromagnetic matching and poor absorbing performance. Combined with the simulation results and experimental data, the direction of improving the electromagnetic matching characteristics of PANI is to improve its ability of magnetic loss. The dielectric loss and magnetic loss of the composites decrease after the hollow structure PANI surface is loaded with Fe_3O_4, and the magnetic loss increases. The dielectric loss angle tangent (tan 未 蔚) and magnetic loss angle tangent (tan 未 渭) are close to each other, and the electromagnetic matching characteristics are improved. The experimental results are in agreement with the simulation results.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB34

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本文編號：2206912