大氣壓等離子體射流制備超疏水涂層及其減阻研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-26 17:47
【摘要】：超疏水表面獨(dú)特的潤(rùn)濕性使其在自清潔材料、海洋抗蝕減阻方面及生物醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域等有著廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。制備超疏水表面一般包括兩種方法,一是在低表面能物質(zhì)表面構(gòu)筑粗糙結(jié)構(gòu),二是在粗糙固體表面修飾低表面能物質(zhì)。目前,大多數(shù)制備方法由于受到各種工藝條件的制約,存在成本高、周期長(zhǎng)、制備工藝復(fù)雜、需要特殊設(shè)備等問題,大氣壓等離子體射流沉積方法可直接在大氣環(huán)境中沉積,具有工序簡(jiǎn)單,沉積效率高,操作安全,生產(chǎn)成本低等特點(diǎn),為大面積制備超疏水涂層提供了可行性。本文采用大氣壓等離子體射流沉積設(shè)備,以六甲基二硅氧烷(HMDSO)為反應(yīng)單體,Ar為載氣體,在鋁合金及其帶漆表面制備超疏水涂層。經(jīng)接觸角儀測(cè)試,制備的涂層表面接觸角由原來的78o提高到162o,滾動(dòng)角由90o降低至1o,表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的超疏水性,說明在大氣環(huán)境中等離子體射流處理能顯著地改變親水試樣表面的潤(rùn)濕性。為研究超疏水表面的潤(rùn)濕機(jī)制,分別采用SEM、EDX、FTIR等測(cè)試手段對(duì)其表面結(jié)構(gòu)及化學(xué)組成進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明超疏水涂層是由微納米級(jí)顆粒堆積而成,堆積過程中形成了大量的孔隙和空洞。構(gòu)成涂層的主要元素是Si和O,這種硅氧化合物形成具有低表面能的Si-O-Si網(wǎng)絡(luò)狀結(jié)構(gòu),這兩者共同促成了涂層表面潤(rùn)濕性的降低,水滴在其表面呈球形分布,微小傾角便能自由滾落,表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的超疏水性。對(duì)等離子體沉積超疏水涂層的耐久性進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果顯示其在大氣中放置10個(gè)月后仍具超疏水性,在酸堿等腐蝕溶液中浸泡一段時(shí)間后仍能保持高的接觸角和滾動(dòng)角,耐候性得到保證。同時(shí)對(duì)超疏水涂層在水流環(huán)境中的穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行了相關(guān)測(cè)試,結(jié)果表明,隨著水流速的增加和水流時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng),附著于金屬板表面的超疏水涂層受破壞程度隨之增大,疏水效果呈下降趨勢(shì)。對(duì)超疏水涂層覆蓋的碳鋼試樣進(jìn)行海水腐蝕試驗(yàn),對(duì)比裸露鋼基底,超疏水涂層試樣表面銹蝕情況明顯降低。電化學(xué)分析表明,帶超疏水涂層的金屬試樣自腐蝕電位有提高,自腐蝕電流密度降低,且其阻抗值明顯增加,超疏水涂層的存在減緩了試樣發(fā)生腐蝕的傾向。通過差壓流阻測(cè)試裝置對(duì)所制備超疏水涂層的水下減阻性能進(jìn)行檢測(cè),結(jié)果表明,在水流速度逐漸增加過程中,超疏水涂層試樣表面減阻效果呈現(xiàn)出先增大后減小趨勢(shì),在流速約為2.5m/s時(shí)存在一個(gè)最大值,即DR=37%。對(duì)其減阻機(jī)制進(jìn)行分析,疏水涂層表面與水接觸模式以氣液接觸為主,容易形成滑移流動(dòng),造成邊界剪切力為零而使水流在流經(jīng)固體表面時(shí)的摩擦阻力大大減小,最終產(chǎn)生減阻效果。超疏水表面的這一減阻特性使其在船舶、艦艇等各種水下航行器上具有廣泛的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:The unique wettability of superhydrophobic surface makes it promising in the fields of self-cleaning materials, marine corrosion resistance and drag reduction, biomedicine and so on. The preparation of superhydrophobic surface generally includes two methods: one is to construct rough structure on the surface of low surface energy substance, the other is to modify low surface energy substance on rough solid surface. At present, most of the preparation methods are restricted by various technological conditions, such as high cost, long period, complex preparation process and special equipment. Atmospheric pressure plasma jet deposition can be directly deposited in the atmospheric environment. It has the advantages of simple working procedure, high deposition efficiency, safe operation and low production cost, which provides the feasibility for the preparation of superhydrophobic coatings in large area. A superhydrophobic coating was prepared on aluminum alloy and its lacquer surface by atmospheric pressure plasma jet deposition equipment using hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) as reaction monomer and ar as carrier gas. The contact angle of the coating was increased from 78o to 162o, and the rolling angle was reduced from 90o to 1o, which showed excellent hydrophobicity. The results show that the surface wettability of the hydrophilic sample can be significantly changed by plasma jet treatment in atmospheric environment. In order to study the wetting mechanism of superhydrophobic surface, the surface structure and chemical composition of superhydrophobic coating were analyzed by means of SEM,EDX,FTIR, respectively. The results showed that the superhydrophobic coating was formed by the accumulation of micro and nanometer particles. A large number of pores and voids are formed during the accumulation process. The main elements of the coating are Si and O, which form a Si-O-Si network structure with low surface energy. Both of them contribute to the decrease of the wettability of the coating surface and the distribution of water droplets on the coating surface. Small dip angles can roll freely, showing excellent hydrophobicity. The durability of superhydrophobic coating deposited by plasma deposition is analyzed. The results show that the coating is still super hydrophobic after being placed in atmosphere for 10 months, and it can maintain high contact angle and rolling angle after soaking in corrosion solution such as acid and alkali for a period of time. Weather resistance is guaranteed. At the same time, the stability of superhydrophobic coating in water flow environment is tested. The results show that with the increase of water flow velocity and the prolongation of water flow time, the damage degree of superhydrophobic coating attached to the surface of metal plate increases. The hydrophobic effect showed a downward trend. The corrosion test of carbon steel coated with superhydrophobic coating was carried out in seawater. Compared with the bare steel substrate, the corrosion on the surface of the superhydrophobic coating sample was obviously reduced. The electrochemical analysis showed that the corrosion potential of the metal sample with superhydrophobic coating was increased, the corrosion current density was decreased, and its impedance value was obviously increased. The existence of superhydrophobic coating slowed down the corrosion tendency of the sample. The underwater drag reduction performance of the superhydrophobic coating was tested by differential pressure flow resistance test device. The results showed that the drag reduction effect of the superhydrophobic coating on the surface of the superhydrophobic coating increased first and then decreased in the process of increasing the flow velocity. There is a maximum when the flow rate is about 2.5m/s, that is, DR=37%. The mechanism of drag reduction is analyzed. The main contact mode between hydrophobic coating surface and water is gas-liquid contact, which is easy to form slip flow, resulting in zero boundary shear force and greatly reducing the friction resistance of flow through solid surface. Finally, the drag reduction effect is produced. This drag reduction characteristic of superhydrophobic surface makes it widely used in various underwater vehicles such as ships and ships.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TB306
本文編號(hào)：2205685
[Abstract]:The unique wettability of superhydrophobic surface makes it promising in the fields of self-cleaning materials, marine corrosion resistance and drag reduction, biomedicine and so on. The preparation of superhydrophobic surface generally includes two methods: one is to construct rough structure on the surface of low surface energy substance, the other is to modify low surface energy substance on rough solid surface. At present, most of the preparation methods are restricted by various technological conditions, such as high cost, long period, complex preparation process and special equipment. Atmospheric pressure plasma jet deposition can be directly deposited in the atmospheric environment. It has the advantages of simple working procedure, high deposition efficiency, safe operation and low production cost, which provides the feasibility for the preparation of superhydrophobic coatings in large area. A superhydrophobic coating was prepared on aluminum alloy and its lacquer surface by atmospheric pressure plasma jet deposition equipment using hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) as reaction monomer and ar as carrier gas. The contact angle of the coating was increased from 78o to 162o, and the rolling angle was reduced from 90o to 1o, which showed excellent hydrophobicity. The results show that the surface wettability of the hydrophilic sample can be significantly changed by plasma jet treatment in atmospheric environment. In order to study the wetting mechanism of superhydrophobic surface, the surface structure and chemical composition of superhydrophobic coating were analyzed by means of SEM,EDX,FTIR, respectively. The results showed that the superhydrophobic coating was formed by the accumulation of micro and nanometer particles. A large number of pores and voids are formed during the accumulation process. The main elements of the coating are Si and O, which form a Si-O-Si network structure with low surface energy. Both of them contribute to the decrease of the wettability of the coating surface and the distribution of water droplets on the coating surface. Small dip angles can roll freely, showing excellent hydrophobicity. The durability of superhydrophobic coating deposited by plasma deposition is analyzed. The results show that the coating is still super hydrophobic after being placed in atmosphere for 10 months, and it can maintain high contact angle and rolling angle after soaking in corrosion solution such as acid and alkali for a period of time. Weather resistance is guaranteed. At the same time, the stability of superhydrophobic coating in water flow environment is tested. The results show that with the increase of water flow velocity and the prolongation of water flow time, the damage degree of superhydrophobic coating attached to the surface of metal plate increases. The hydrophobic effect showed a downward trend. The corrosion test of carbon steel coated with superhydrophobic coating was carried out in seawater. Compared with the bare steel substrate, the corrosion on the surface of the superhydrophobic coating sample was obviously reduced. The electrochemical analysis showed that the corrosion potential of the metal sample with superhydrophobic coating was increased, the corrosion current density was decreased, and its impedance value was obviously increased. The existence of superhydrophobic coating slowed down the corrosion tendency of the sample. The underwater drag reduction performance of the superhydrophobic coating was tested by differential pressure flow resistance test device. The results showed that the drag reduction effect of the superhydrophobic coating on the surface of the superhydrophobic coating increased first and then decreased in the process of increasing the flow velocity. There is a maximum when the flow rate is about 2.5m/s, that is, DR=37%. The mechanism of drag reduction is analyzed. The main contact mode between hydrophobic coating surface and water is gas-liquid contact, which is easy to form slip flow, resulting in zero boundary shear force and greatly reducing the friction resistance of flow through solid surface. Finally, the drag reduction effect is produced. This drag reduction characteristic of superhydrophobic surface makes it widely used in various underwater vehicles such as ships and ships.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TB306
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條
1 李濟(jì)吾;唐志鵬;;電暈放電與絡(luò)合催化聯(lián)合同時(shí)去除煙氣中SO_2、NO實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2015年01期
2 顧建農(nóng);晏欣;張志宏;趙昕;;基于PIV測(cè)量的柔性壁減阻試驗(yàn)[J];艦船科學(xué)技術(shù);2012年11期
3 軒儉勇;駱仲泱;趙磊;江建平;高翔;;脈沖電暈放電電子能量及OH,O或O_3對(duì)NO氧化的光譜學(xué)研究[J];光譜學(xué)與光譜分析;2012年05期
4 江雷;從自然到仿生的超疏水納米界面材料[J];新材料產(chǎn)業(yè);2003年03期
，本文編號(hào)：2205685
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/cailiaohuaxuelunwen/2205685.html
最近更新
教材專著
