【摘要】：進入21世紀以來,隨著納米技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,稀土摻雜的納米材料因其在光、電、磁等方面顯現(xiàn)出的優(yōu)異的性質(zhì)而受到了科研工作者的廣泛關(guān)注。其中,稀土摻雜納米材料在增強太陽能效率和熒光測溫領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用成為研究熱點。一方面,由于太陽能電池材料本身的能帶間隙小(1.12eV),而太陽光譜是一個寬光譜,導(dǎo)致太陽光中的很大一部分紅外光和紫外光無法被電池吸收利用。因此,尋找優(yōu)異的光譜轉(zhuǎn)換材料成為提升太陽能利用效率的關(guān)鍵因素。稀土離子摻雜的氟化物材料由于具有卓越的光轉(zhuǎn)換效率,被廣泛應(yīng)用于上轉(zhuǎn)換和下轉(zhuǎn)換發(fā)光材料。我們利用高溫裂解方法制備了高性能的NaGdF4:12%Er3+及具有核殼結(jié)構(gòu)的納米材料,通過測試TEM、XRD等手段對其具體結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌進行了表征。測試結(jié)果表明,合成的NaGdF4:12%Er及NaGdF4:12%Er@Na GdF4:x%Er核殼納米材料都具有良好的單分散性,在結(jié)構(gòu)上,分別表現(xiàn)出均一的四方相和六角相結(jié)構(gòu)。通過調(diào)節(jié)納米顆粒的殼層中的鉺離子摻雜濃度,當(dāng)殼層中的摻雜濃度達到10mol%時,對比于單層納米顆粒,稀土離子摻雜的核殼納米顆粒實現(xiàn)了高達336倍的熒光增強。同時,結(jié)合鉺離子的能級結(jié)構(gòu),分析了不同摻雜濃度下核殼納米顆粒的熒光壽命以及紅綠光比、半高寬的差異,最終得出了核殼納米顆粒中鉺離子的主要上轉(zhuǎn)換發(fā)光機制。另一方面,由于受外界干擾小、抗激發(fā)功率噪聲強等優(yōu)點,稀土摻雜納米材料在熒光測溫領(lǐng)域的研究也逐漸發(fā)展成為熱門課題。本論文中,利用水熱法調(diào)節(jié)不同試劑,最終合成了納米球、微米棒、六角盤、紡錘狀、微米球和類八面體六種不同形貌的NaYF4:Er顆粒。通過具體TEM測試,實驗確定了合成的顆粒的具體形貌。在統(tǒng)一的摻雜濃度下,針對不同形貌,研究了其能量傳遞機制,詳細分析了顆粒的形貌下對光溫傳感方面的影響。同時,本文研究了將Yb作為敏化劑,不同的稀土離子(RE,RE=Ho,Tm,Pr,Tb)作為激活離子的情況下,共摻雜稀土離子納米顆粒的光溫傳感特性。通過具體TEM測試可以看出,實驗得出的納米顆粒都具有良好的單分散性。對比最佳配比下的不同共摻雜納米顆粒可以看出,Pr和Yb離子共摻雜比其他共摻雜情況具有更加優(yōu)異的光敏特性,在光敏應(yīng)用方面具有更大潛力。
[Abstract]:Since the 21st century, with the rapid development of nanotechnology, rare-earth doped nanomaterials have attracted wide attention because of their excellent properties in light, electricity, magnetism and so on. Among them, the application of rare earth doped nanomaterials in enhancing solar energy efficiency and fluorescence temperature measurement has become a research hotspot. On the one hand, due to the small energy band gap (1.12eV) of the solar cell material itself, and the solar spectrum is a wide spectrum, a large part of the infrared and ultraviolet light in the solar light can not be absorbed and utilized by the cell. Therefore, the search for excellent spectral conversion materials has become a key factor to improve solar energy efficiency. Rare earth ion doped fluorides have been widely used in upconversion and downconversion luminescence due to their excellent optical conversion efficiency. High performance NaGdF4:12%Er3 and nanomaterials with core-shell structure were prepared by high temperature pyrolysis method. The results show that the synthesized NaGdF4:12%Er and NaGdF4:12%Er@Na GdF4:x%Er core-shell nanomaterials have good monodispersity and have homogeneous tetragonal and hexagonal structure respectively. By adjusting the erbium ion doping concentration in the shell layer of the nanoparticles, when the doping concentration in the shell layer reaches 10 mol%, compared with the monolayer nanoparticles, the fluorescence intensities of the core and shell nanoparticles doped with rare earth ions are 336 times higher than those of the monolayer nanoparticles. At the same time, according to the energy level structure of erbium ion, the fluorescence lifetime, the ratio of red and green light, and the width of half-maximum of the core-shell nanoparticles with different doping concentration were analyzed. Finally, the main up-conversion luminescence mechanism of erbium ion in the core-shell nanoparticles was obtained. On the other hand, due to the advantages of low external interference and strong anti-excitation power noise, the research of rare-earth doped nanomaterials in the field of fluorescence temperature measurement has gradually become a hot topic. In this paper, the hydrothermal method was used to adjust different reagents. Finally, six kinds of NaYF4:Er particles with different morphologies were synthesized, such as nanospheres, micron rods, hexagonal disks, spindles, microspheres and octahedron-like particles. The morphologies of the synthesized particles were determined by TEM test. Under the uniform doping concentration, the energy transfer mechanism of different morphologies was studied, and the effect of particle morphology on the photo-temperature sensing was analyzed in detail. At the same time, the photo-temperature sensing properties of co-doped rare earth ion nanoparticles were studied when Yb was used as sensitizer, and different rare earth ions (REGRER) were used as activation ions. The results of TEM test show that the nanoparticles have good monodispersity. Comparing with the different co-doped nanoparticles under the optimum ratio, it can be seen that the co-doping of pr and Yb ions has more excellent Guang Min characteristics than other co-doping conditions, and has more potential in the application of Guang Min.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB383.1;TM914.4

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